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Show i f-- 1 HOWMRICANSHAVE iJ i mifl OF PAGANISM PHff L "V kZ,: r1 Harmony in Work VPPfl L I A few years ago. when a Chinese girl was born, she would escape being be-ing drowned as a nuisance only by the good fortune of having a brother she was expected to take care of. If she did escape she had her feet bound The toes were doubled dou-bled back almost to the heel, so she would be a fit wife for a Chinaman who looked upon a wife as only a servant, the mother of his boys girls not counted and a piece of ornamental or-namental bric-a-brac Now the Chinese girl has natural feet and goes to the polls to vole with former lord and master. Before, Be-fore, when she attended a mission school, if she was so fortunate, she ent home on vacation, mounted on a cow or a donkey, with two huge basket panniers on the side. Now she goso in a conveyance, if not on a railroad, and soon will ride In a trolley car. Formerly when a Chinese of distinction dis-tinction mad an official or social visit, he was carried in a sedan chair, or palanquin. Now lie goes In an automobile, and may be accompanied accom-panied by hla wife, which was an Impossibility heforo the revolution. Formerly Christian missionaries were classed with other foreigners as foreign devils," and their lives were not safe in times of public up-heaal. up-heaal. Now they arc the safest persons in China, and those who used to protect them, now look to them for protection. A rase in point is Rev. J. C. Garrett Gar-rett D. D.( who has been in China since 18S9, and is now located at the great city of Nanking, the ancient capital of the Southern Kingdom, and recently the temporary capital of the republic. He is also a member mem-ber of the China Council, which Is composed of reprcscntatlv es of all the missions of the Presbyterian Board in China Formerly the Chinese temples were full of idols, largo and small, and the men and women burned incense in-cense before them and attacked their stony ears with the walls of the Chinese fiddle and the clatter of the cymbals and torn torn. Now the Idols have been thrown out, or are neglected, and the spirits of the dead are not so often fed on good things lo keep them from troubling the living. Formerly such a thing as a missionary preaching jn the public street was almost an Impossibility. Impos-sibility. Now they preach to crowds, are no more molested than are street evangelists in this country, and are listened to with far more respect. KVERYTHIXG NOW IS NEW IN CHINA. Everything is changed. There Is n new China, a new government, new religious freedom, new education, educa-tion, now industries, new political ideas, new social customs, new style of clothing, new habits of thought, new schools and colleges of Western West-ern learning, new hospitals and orphanages, or-phanages, new railroads, new Inspiration Inspir-ation for progress. Except In a few visible externals, which also are changing, the China of today is as unlike the China of two years ago as America is unlike Turkey. Two years ago a wonderful thing happened, unique In the history of the world. China, which had remained re-mained in a state of quietude and unprogreisiveness under the mtH ancient and dictatorial government In the world, started long before the beginning of the Christian era. suddenly aroused, threw off the yoke of the Manchu conquerors, overthrew the throne and estal-llshed estal-llshed a republic along the most modern lines. The people seemed to be suddenly transformed from sloth and Ignorance, from political indifference and social degradation, degrada-tion, from worship of Idols and dominance by superstition, lo intellectual intel-lectual activity. religious toleration tolera-tion and freedom from the bounds of superstition, to social reform and political understanding. Women, who heretofore had been considered without souls and an encumbrance, so useless that parents par-ents of the poor class were wont to drown female children it birth, were suddenly promoted to both social and political equality. The queue, which had for centuries 'landed down the hark of tho men, as a token of the supremacy of the Mnnfhus, and hid by tho lapse of time been transformed lti its significance to become almost a sacred thing, was suddenly cut off, all reverence for It lost and Its ab-sence ab-sence became the mark of the free man and self-respecting citizen of the new republic. Tin- practice of binding tho feet of tv omen to make them small, and their possessors practically cripples, was abandoned. Even the old Chinese classic literature, lit-erature, knowledge of which had been the highest attainment of education ed-ucation and the only test of political politi-cal qualification', was set aside, and the literature of Europo and America, partlcularh that of the arts, sciences and Industrie, was substituted. China seemed to Jump at a slnule leap to such a complete revolution of thought, custom, religion and social and political Ideas, as would ordinarily take centuries of educational endeavor. en-deavor. It was the sociological marvel of all the What was the cause and inspiration inspi-ration of this marvelous hloomlf.g of a plant moribund for thousands of years. Surely there was something some-thing behind It. No such miracle could Just happen, nor could It result re-sult from temporary and newlv created conditions. There must have been loner growth in the bud before the flower burst Into bloom. The mind naturally turns to Dr. Sun Yat Sen. For nearly a score of years Dr Sun carried on a propaganda propa-ganda for a republic in China and the freedom of the Chinese mind from the superstitions that held the nation in bonds. He is a man educated edu-cated In the learning of the West and Is a ChrUtlan. the product of the missions. Beginning his work among the small group of educated men young men who knew the learning learn-ing and tho religion of the great Christian powers, he extended It to those who did not know, it was not Ions heforo nc nad to noo frfm ''nlna. with a price upon his head. All up and down the coast of Asia beyond tho reach of tho Emperor! and In America, he continued his work among the Chinese residents nd these helped to spread It through letters and In person when they returned home. Secret societies were fornud both ... -& At left, top to bottom: A Missionary In a Peking Curt, a Minion li-eu.sary jit Pi king and a Tnol-t Temple at Cliefoo. In center, at top, Rev. J. C Garrett, for tvtcnlv-flve years a Missionary lu China. Below, Memorial at Pao tlngfu to Martyred Missionaries in Boxer Rebellion. At right, top to bottom: Pagoda at Nanking, Ml-sionari. s Martin- on a Journey at Cliefoo. ami a Mission School at Chefoo. abroad and among tho Chinese In China, who spread tho doctrines of the new freedom and the new thought In religion. Gradually the whole of China proper, the provinces prov-inces inhabited by the genuine Chinese, Chi-nese, became permeated with the new thought. Then came tho outburst, out-burst, the overthrow of the Man-chus. Man-chus. and the establishment of a republic, with all the social, educational, edu-cational, industrial and religious change. To those who had known nothing noth-ing of what was going on beneath the surface it looked like an inexplicable in-explicable volcanic eruption, something some-thing entirely outbid the known processes of nature. It was not. and yet to a aegree It was. for nothing except divine guidance find special decree can seem to account fr such a violation of the ordinary ordi-nary rocetses of social evolution. Hut, admitting as we must, that Dr. Sun Yat Sen was the visible Inspiration In-spiration and the apparent instrument instru-ment of the creation of the new China, let us see what he has to say about It himself. At a meeting of I the united churches of Peking, held In the compound of the American Board of Foreign Missions, he declared: de-clared: 'Men say the revolution originated origi-nated with me. I do not deny the charge. But where did the Idea of revolution come from? It came because be-cause from my jouth I have haa Intercourse with foreign missionaries. mission-aries. Those from Europe und America with whom I associated put the Ideals of freedom and liberty lib-erty Into my heart. Now I call upon the church to help in the es tablishment of the new government. The republic can not endure unless that Virtue! that righteousness, for which the Christian religion stand-. Is at the center of the nation's life." These are the words of a great man, one of the world's greatest, lake all truly great titan, his modes-t modes-t permits him to give credit for. 1 1 ik own Inspiration where it belongs, be-longs, and to estimate properly the forces lh.it aided him A like estimate es-timate was madejiy another leader in the republic, who. when asked what was the inspiration Which led in the overthrow if the am lent inonarchy and adoption of modern mod-ern republican government, said: "The Chrlstlun missionary. lli-came lli-came lo give us a new religion, h gave us a new government, a new social order. His purpose was not to achieve what he did, but he is primarily and largely responsible, The Chinese peoplp did not. to a large extent, accept his religion, although al-though thev Ii.im n i epted manv if its principles, but they did take from him the principles of his so-cial so-cial and polltb ii life. They took hi- literature and his lessons. Ilh fpresencc. his teaching and his work aroused the people to newer and j larger realizations of life and of the world, and started the ''hlnese into the world, The machinery of his system helped It taught foreign Slanguages to many Chinese and. through those who supported It In foi tltn countries, afforded the i '. ins to hundreds of young Chinese Chi-nese lo go abroad. The minion -"'bonis, hospitals atld f-fu'eee alde. i to the spn id "f this n w p.i- lN I Pd Social klUittlfiJS" among the ntple. Tbf Hum nor Ii i r who gave actual adherence to thse religious re-ligious Institutions was small; the number of Chinese Influenced by what li' mission taught, unconsciously uncon-sciously perhaps, of social and politic po-litic -r1enee, was enormous The movement h id Its origin growth and culmination within the span of my life and It has all passed under my eye. I know the men who formed and fought the revolution and I know the Influences which i nl rolled' nad Inspired them. I repeat, re-peat, this Christian missionary mado l be T ptafHb or hliia."' Gra OlyiBlt n"' 1 1 t hi a n al' sis of jth new I. II la of I f here WSfflbfUer Influe- of whl h i "iris lifh'Mfc don have no ca fee 'iroud "Hlese u,r. tl list li-st nit tMntlr alion, dl I itlon Spoliation 'Ofl'hin.l l.y 'a. ,.- all.il "in -istlawqptftierf . n on ihe north too ' rl Arthur Man- nuila. 44 Htsfr' Japan ..). n from RusriSi' OAfc'tlld not th I'. i !. to China. Japan took F ii..a and othef Islam! Engl nd, rmanj . Fra He and Ital or dernandpd. ports and 'sph' r s of Influence." , C<nn was being pared down on all sides ami threatened wi:!i complete partition between lh powers, only saved from It. In fa t. pj the influence of the United States and the jealousies of the powers themselves. When, in an outburst of tavage rsentment against tb the boxi r movement ld to th horrors of the Peking -lege and fb.j s aushter of ;,! Ion-ir e- apnw c 'be in'-rlo-points, ihe rhrvflfcP .potters. sae alone lbs i n - 1 demanded - r-r - , I and receivi 1 i tremeii'Joulv ;x..sJU! rsBt i raini . rrom d mending addition territorial Influence by thu opej H loli' of thlj round 'flu I- opli 01 1 'hina I n t M'.i-nt ani brave, but unskilled In ihe art oj tfiie and In Ihe Industria I ari- w hle wai nusl ibat they mul . i , i the v i oi Western I v 1 1 1 44,1 i i i 111 id from partition and polltb a i del Chey i t b ' 1 1 n a i .1 u i lli.i .t. d -,'ov r 1 1 ! . i ill l.lii'llrH togcthei i wl ole, all i he proj Inces, ivlth an ad Ti l i i . n ie -t lem and nn at m; ind ufl clent foi t 6i . i ' po' i 1 1 1 l S I HAD. TO ISM OMIS N ESI I RX. v. .i i :'r j m itcd the ( hln mind ' 'ief 1 realised thai for thesiV in prev ent In '.Vi-.t- 1 i ii nut loi ' ' ' in ' "f ,prn themselves In tb- lr social. eduvS I llonnl, politl 'I i I : ;r i i rial "f gain Ulilon, : .pi 'iT U P , . olul Ion I M Sun T.if S'el !id been pi a i lii . and f"r tl prin- Jl elples of nioralllV. .). in"- racy sntl fi-ii o misslo iries "1 ol n I. Uii; I. . en Ineilb-afll.K. I.ike MM n., -i. n. no-, ..nnrv InfliifnOS and the aroused patriotic .- i :. lh lb e of the new repuMSe tti and th w lift In Chi i I v, ed if thU M io mu it -defense -const n for' ' 1 '-j tie '''" "J" i h 'rlfn7l Qj ;.i.. 1 Q 1 fi'' , i.iii . in (bos. . i.. ' ' ''"r" r , . The i u. thW tdj on s th 3 E and th. mis!'1"'1 St , . i ,i m mi- - " , m - I. .. ,n" the revolutionary Ii i"',t! a ' Jjf I II, 1,1 "' J ... .1 !T-r-n- tiate betvve. n ' - ts I isi S Of so-, a I led i ' J; r i'ni i ' ' ,y ! In-J sa J" ni "' ' " in h no ti ' ' " ' i'd ;V ""hi to tl I .3 ft . 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