Show A WIDER MA FO R BERRY WITH CAREFUL HANDLING RASPBERRY GROW LES MAY DOUBLE THE of THEIR SHIPMENTS if raspberries rasp berries were carefully cure fully handled they could bo be satis fact whippul shi ppul much further farther than the distance which Is bow regarded regor ded us uc the limit for success ful marketing according to recent gaviona of tile the united states department of agriculture in iii the important raspberry districts in the puget sound country 2000 miles mile s bus hitherto been rega regarded as alie most distant market to which berries could be ship shipped 11 in pr active this means that fresh I 1 washington raspberries rasp berries do not come collie farther east cast than minneapolis annlis and bild tile surplus if utilized at all must be calille canned d government experiments however the re results stilts of which ire are now pub in ill bulletin no indicate abat with diore careful ineth methods of handling liand ling und shipping tile ington jp ip or of I 1 resli resh berries could be sold over u much wider range if ly the moat anost co common ninion cassca of deeny decay in berries while in transit or aft after er arrival anivol on the n arket are ai c mold fungi usually agn y mold or blue mold Ne itier of these fungi is likely tu to injure tire firm sound bet berries bics but they spread quickly where the fruit lias has been injured in ill liand bundling ling or is over overripe ripe and soft in ill this respect L act tile the successful shi shipping aping f 1 0 oi i presents the fum earn pr problem as the successful shipping of oranges previous ex in florida have den dem that where oranges are carefully caie cuie fully harvested crops can be luark marketed eted with no appreciable loss and the saine appear appears to hold true with raspberries rasp berries in 1911 tile government in vesti gators made comparative tests of the keeping qualities of carefully handled liand led raspberries rasp berries find and hunI bundled led rasp berries several lots of each kind were bield in ati an ice car for varying periods and then exun med ined for the percent irge of decay other oilier lots were held it a day after being withdrawn drawn from froin aijo refrigerator car and then examined tile the results are most significant ant after 4 days in ill tile the ice car it wits was found that the carefully liand handled led berries showed only 04 per ier cent decay while the corn handled liand led fruit li biad ad 4 46 6 1 per lir cent after 8 days daya in tl alie car tile the difference vastly greater the carefully handled liand led truit fruit showed only 22 per cent decay but with the cial al hai bundled idled this percentages percentage had risen lisen to or more than ya of ill alie entire shipment ent whan alie fruit WBK was examined it day after it had been taken out of bf tile ice ca car r tile evidence was equally strong in favor of careful I 1 handling carefully handled fruit that had reina ined 4 d daiy diy ty fo found und a day after its withdrawal t to I 1 how only I 1 per cent of decay a per cent in ill commer cally ally handled liand led berries carefully handled fruit left in ill tile the car 8 lays days and then held ono one ilay day showed oil only ly 81 8 t per coil cont i decay lis ha against percent in 11 coln commercially file handled liand led fruit tins next year following ex peri indents were made with actual 11 al shipments instead of with tile stationary or car and the results confirmed previous it was found for examples that there wits was less decay in tile carefully handled borries tit at tile oil end of 8 days daya than in ill tile the coil commercially handled bundled at the end of 4 carefully handled fruit that was 4 days in ill transit and had then been bellone he liell llone one lay day after withdrawal froni J roni tile refrigerator car allowed less jess than 1 per colit cent of decay whereas coil inencia lly handled berries subjected to tile llie s same a ine test showed allowed nearly 10 per cent L the difference between the handled and tile commercially merci ally handled lots of berries consists chi chiel ellAin extra care caie in picking and in the scrupulous 1 of any soft over overripe ripp berries ordinarily tile tho picking is done by unskilled labor children being frequently employed in this way it is of course extremely tret nely difficult to them realize tile necessity for tare care but the comparative success U if certain growers in keeping down their losses allows that much improvement in this respect is possible tile most common injuries to the berries are due to the ir being broken and bruised while being remove d froni from the bushes or being mashed in the liand while picking if the berries are pulled with three fill fingers instead of two niti and pulled pulle d oft off straight instead of sidewise much loss can be b avoided another cause for decay is the inch inclusion ision in shipments of over ripe berries because of tile danger or injury in sor sorting ing it is not possible to grade the berries after they have once been picked and placed in the cups the pickers flie must lie be in instructed ted to pick only sound berries if the alie patches are pickel picked over once a lay day it I 1 is s much easier to enforce this rule if tiley oro are loft left unpicked two or 01 three days ole there r L will lie ile such a large proportion of overripe berries filat some boine of th thorn will inevitably find their way into int otlie the cups in ill tended for long distance shipments ille ailts A soft berry will not only soon break down and decay itself but by offe offering an all opportunity for mold to developed dov dev elope will contribute to the decay of the ilie entire cup tin this s phinh the investigators say can not bo be too strongly emilias i hed ed with tile best of caro care however the weather relli remain aill a very important factor lit in determining the success of shipments during wet rainy periods the iho berries become soft very tender a and lid full of luois moisture ture in ill tilis this condition they break down readily and are not suitable for long shipments during protracted perio periods ds of wet weather therefore picking beronies boco bec nied onies cible and the berries tend to he be come over ripe during 1911 for example exa the weather lier was so BO sunny that practically all of tile the berries produced in the puyallup valley could have been beef shipped fresh in ili 1912 on alie other liand hand only liala of tile the crop was shipped fresh and the roina remainder inder had bad to be calil canned led lit in this connection it ig ie noteworthy that tin 1113 t puyallup valley fruit industry owes much eh of its success to an effective eh active cooperative nur inar association 7 this association p purchased tir chased a Cann canning ilig factory some years ago which it is 18 now opera operating as a coopt cooperative enterprise alie cannery serves so ay a balance wheel for the industry when berries are too soft for si shipping lipping they can call bo be mod for canning purposes all and a total loss is thus avoided tile the real profits however fiust always come collie froni from the shipments of fresh berries and for this reason the demonstration str atholl of tho fact that hy by careful handling shipments nifty may bo be extended to practically twice the present territory is regarded as of the utmost ini importance to the berry growing Bec section tion Cla reful handling bundling however lio does not stop with tile alie careful picking and sorting the alio berries they fiust be protected protect eI from dust and heat beat on oil tile way to tile re refrigerator friger ator car and only wagons with good springs should bu be m need 4 for hauling thorn thein Alore moreover over the crates eliou should ld never be ti tipped ti P ell on end as in ill this wity way the berries uro are bruised an and maslick lied by being rolled around in the cups prompt cooling or loading in ili order to got get tile berries under tile influence of low tolli temperatures as quickly fly as pos possible sille ii H essential |