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Show l Hew to Make the Old Orchard Y: Pay. I By C. P. Uoo. I' In a recent trip through several of tho ' most thickly populated counties of the . State, tb writer saw on every hand, '" orchanlS thai wore monuments to man's neglect : They seemed to be crying out in agony to bo saved from ruin, dlsoaso I and death. In one instanco tho thought ful ( 7) owner was answering iho cry by applying tho ax, not to the roots, but to tho branches, tho most disgraceful of alt ways of removing suiplus limbs. In most cases not evon this consideration was bestowed upon tho family's faithful faith-ful friend, the old orchard. What is tho Orchard's Present Condi) Ion. It is deploraLlo to say tho least. For years no pruning has buen done and the brushy tops have grown into, and have embraced each other, seemingly for the purposoof confiding one to tho other their pain mid thamc at being thus neglected. The trees are legitlin.tlo prey to all manner man-ner df insect peat. ' T ic wooly aphid ifourich In laro cltiBteis, with their cottony cot-tony banners warm; in the breeze. The red spiders hare, painted the tree trunk n rusty red color with millions of eggi arranged symmetrically in cluster Under the rough pieces of bmkjuo ecor es of lit, sleek worms of the cod tu moth, snugly hotw-ed in their white cocoons co-coons and thankful for man's thouhtless pro ection of them. In the ecarrcd iwiga aro the eggs of thj buffalo treo hopper, n triangular shaped, greenist colored insect. Thero aro other insects present, but tho orchardist must not be told about them all at once, foriie is a bravo man if ho bo not frightened and discouraged at having tho above mentioned men-tioned enemies brought to his notice The ground has probably not boon ' jpTowctl or cultivated b(dco Utah became ,-1 g " asTote, ana it Ir now a battle-tlcid wliore njfey thero aro continually life and death Kffijf struggles between tho trees, alfalfa, grass MM weeds, sweet clever, insecti pests, iiogs, 'a sheep, and tho neighbors' cows and SluR licnB. yP What Should be Done. H Pruning witii the caia and pruning RH theart, fnoyer with the ax) should be jSSK done at once. All dead and injured B limbs thould bo cu out, When the iiS limbs cross or rub against each other, IJS ono Bhould bo removed. Tako on IB enough of the branches to open up the (TM head so that sunlight may enter t color jZ up the fruit. Out back all straggling K branches so as to mako a symmetrical SP head. With pear troes that aro on- jflgf dcavoring to develop int telegraph pol- Jm es, tno tops and limbs should bo cut X back to form us low and fym metrical a ' jjLfflj head as poeslblo. When tho trees stand fl eo closo together that tho branches in- mm terlock, onough of therr should bo dug jjf out so that the remaining ones will have B plenty of room for development and IH growth. H Avoid taking oft" large limbs when it m is possibi.0 to do so. Whenever a bram'h nB ' is removed, tho cut should be madoat J the collar, snug up to Jho supporting I branch; With the largo branches a 1L small cut should be, mado on tho under f- sido first, thon ftora tho upper side a II 'cut should be mado to meet the lower , El one. L In this way the tearing offof tho lower I part of tho limb can bo avoided. Never I leavo a stub when cutting off a limt, becauso tho stub cannot heat over, and in timo will rot. Through this rotting tho gerniB of decay will outer tho trunk and cause it to roj also, Apple and pear Trite? Tho rough bark should all bo scraped from tho trunks of the trees nnd burned. This operation will uncover many worms of the codling moth, which should in all casos bo killed, Ilt will then bo bost to ppuy tno trees, branches and tho trunks, with the lime, sulphur and salt mixturo beforo the buds break, to kill tho wooly aphids, the eggs of red spidor and any scalo insocto that happou to bo present, If this gis r.ot dono tho trunks ought at least to bo washed with tho following mixture: lima wbltowash tlvo gallons, liquid glue ono pint, cude carbolic acid ono half pint, and white arsenic, or Paris green two ounces. Peach Trees. It these nro too old and ragged it will probably not pay to do anything with thorn. If thoy are still lu bearing condition, the tops had bette' be cut back considerably in order to get! tho bead as low as possible In some! cases it is desirable to renow tho head. I This may bo dono by cutting off one I third of tho main limbs eacli year from i three to six feet from the trunk. New 1 branches will then develop to form tho I head. . J Plum and Apricot Xri. These trees should bo headed back and should lime all of tho weak, dead and injured limns cutout. Cultavation, Tho orchard should b plowed in tho spring end then bo imr-rowed imr-rowed or cultivated onco each week unti' August, after that it is only necessar) to keep tho weeds down. Irrigation. Apply wattr only when necessary. When the ground is well cultivated it will need only about hall as much water aa uncultivated ground needs. Spraying. Codling moth. Uso arso-nito arso-nito of limo and spray the tirst timo one week after tho blossoms fall. One week later spray again . After this spray at intervals threo weeks until tho middle of September. Wrap burlap bands around tho tree trunkt, exraniiio the bands onco a week and bill ml up,. r worms found uniUr (hem. Wooly Aphis, it. llit-ao liihtcio.no not all killed by the winter spotting ol the lime, sulphur and salt mixture, they may be sprayed with Voruiene emulsion, em-ulsion, one pint diluted with eight parte of water, during the growing seatuu lied Spider. Uso the remedy men-ttoue men-ttoue I for wooly aphis, Buffalo Tree Hopper. In each ecar made on tho apple twigs by this insect, will be found two rows of eggs. Theeu eggs hatch in May and June, and tho young feed on grass, weeds and other growing plants in tho orchard.. The remedy is to keep the orchard clean by cultivation, and thus starvo out the young insects by destroying their food plants. For more detailed information regarding regard-ing tho pests of tho orchard tho reader is referred to Bulliton No. C6of tho Utah Experiment Station, Logan, Utah. This bulletin will bo sent to anyonenpplying for it. Logan, Utah April 2, 1001. |