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Show IFMnONALTfi OMAL ATfAlS j Proposed Lavs for American Republics WASIII.f;TrjN. TliiiMy draft (OnVIMllilillS CtJI I il'UM t ioil of American Internal ional law, designed fur discussion by Hie International Commission of Jurists, which Is to meet some time tin's year In Klo .lanerlo, have bi'en made public by the I'aii-Ameriran union. Taken separately, they range from a proposal to outlaw wars of conquest among American republics to the writing writ-ing of an udmlrally code to govern Inlernational phases of commercial navigation of the air. Taken together, ami assuming ratification of all thirty treaties, they represent u sweeping srlieine to establish the solidarity of those republics In a "community of nations" na-tions" on a legal basis that begins with a bill of riglils of nations and Includes complele and Intricate machinery for the puelllc settlement of disputes. One project contemplates expansion expan-sion of the Monroe doctrine in a covenant cov-enant agreeing to foreclose the territory ter-ritory of Ibe republics to acquisition or occupation on any terms by a non-American non-American iower. Another defines the measures of repression that may be taken "to avoid resort to arms" In settlement set-tlement of disputes among t he republics repub-lics themselves. Sliil another writes Into law the principle that .each nation shall have sole control over its immigration immi-gration policies. The draft conventions were formulated formu-lated on invitation of the governing hoard of the union and already have been distributed through the union to the foreign olliees of all the nations concerned. They , were drawn by a committee of the American Institute of Internal ional Law, headed by James Broun Scott. The proposal to outlaw wars of conquest con-quest is probably the most unprecedented unprece-dented as it is almost the briefest, of tiie draft conventions. It declares that future acquisitions of territory "by means of war, or under the menace of war, or in presence of an armed force, to the detriment of any American republic re-public shall not lie lawful." Further, the convention declares that title to territory thus obtained shall be "null In fact and In law." The conventions are prefaced with general declarations which assert that "by the act of incorporating themselves them-selves into the community of nations" the American republics have recognized recog-nized the application to themselves of international law in force in Europe, hut have claimed the right to establish estab-lish "fundamental bases of American international society." This action, the declaration adds, "in no way tends to create an international system resulting re-sulting in the separation of the republics re-publics of this hemisphere from the World court." Under New Law Who Can Get Into U. S.? WITH echoes of Japan's anger over the total exclusion of her citizens by the United States still reverberating, It became known recently that a number of Latin-Amerlcnn nations may stand In precisely the same position with respect re-spect to large blocks of their Inhabitants Inhabi-tants under the new Immigration law. In other words a strict Interpretation Interpreta-tion might bar all persons with a preponderance pre-ponderance of American Indian blood, such as constitutes more than 40 per cent of the population of Mexico, and nn even greater percentage of some other Central American and northern South American republics. This was brought out when It became be-came known that Inquiries have been made by the Department of Labor officials offi-cials of the State department and of scientists at the Smithsonian institution institu-tion regarding the exact racial make-- make-- tip of the Indian. If the Indian Is neither a white man nor a person of African descent he is barred, according accord-ing to the plain wording of the law, although a number of considerations might make for a different interpretation interpre-tation in individual cases. At the Department of Labor It was admitted that such Inquiries have been made, although not officially and not with any idea of bringing a test case. W. W. Husband, commissioner general gen-eral of immigration, explained that for the present the question is rather academic than of immediate consequence, conse-quence, since the department is unlikely un-likely to be called upon to make a ruling. The Latin-American nations, he said, are points of immigration themselves, rather than emigration. It is improbable that a South American Ameri-can Indian would wish to settle In the United States permanently, and If he came as a visitor or student the rule would not apply. The present wording of the law, Mr. Husband admitted, was chiefly dangerous in that it gave an opportunity oppor-tunity for a trouble-maker, particularly particular-ly some person with a grudge against some South American country, to bring a test case, with all the bitterness certain cer-tain to attend the arguments and the possible permanent hard feeling if the Immigrant was barred. It is largely to make certain of the legal grounds on this point that the inquiries have been made. Washington's Airabiiious Paris Projects THE Washington Board of Trade committee on parks and reservations reser-vations will redouble Its efforts during the coming year to impress im-press upon congress and others interested inter-ested the urgent necessity of Immediately Imme-diately adding to the present park system of the national capital those areas that are In danger of being rendered ren-dered useless for park purposes or becoming be-coming more costly by delay. The committee originated in 1S00 under the chairmanship of Charles J. Bell and Is now under the leadership of Fred G. Coldren. With the ultimate purpose of carrying carry-ing out the plan of the park commission commis-sion of 1901, and other authorized plans, which call for large park areas In the District and Its environs, a park boulevard encircling the city and connecting con-necting the Civil war forts, and a parkway park-way that will extend from Mount Vernon Ver-non to Great Falls on either side of the Potomac, the committee will first endeavor to obtain for the city those sites most urgently needed. Some of the most pressing projects for the development of the park system sys-tem are: Acquiring the Bock Creek valley for six or eight miles above the District line, acquiring both banks of the Potomac to Great Falls, the "Fort drive," the widening of Piney Branch parkway west of Sixteenth street, acquiring all of the Klingle Ford valley, the Patterson tract in the transforming of the eastern branch marshes into a water park and the preservation of the Sligo and Northwestern North-western Branch valleys. Efforts will also be made to have congress appropriate annually the $1,-100,000 $1,-100,000 authorized for the parks of the national capital in the act etsablish-ing etsablish-ing the National Capital Park commission. commis-sion. Despite the authorization of this amount by congress, only $000,000 has been appropriated, which will have to cover a period of almost two years. The history of Washington's parks did not begin until 1800, and for 100 years prior to that time no effort was made to carry out the plans of Washington Wash-ington and L'Enfant. Since that time several large parkways and other smaller ones have been purchased. Mainly through the efforts of the park commission of 1901 a plan for the parking system of the nation's capital and its environs was drawn up. This commission was composed of Daniel II. Burnhum, Frederick Law Olnisteail. Charles F. McKim and Augustus Au-gustus Saint Gaudens. Alaskan Natives' Vocational Schools ACOMPRLT1ENSIYF. industrial and vocational school system for the native Eskimos and Indians of Alaska, the first in the history of t tils territory, is now in the course of establishment, it was recently re-cently announced by the Interior department. de-partment. Through the bureau of education plans have been completed for the inauguration in-auguration and operation of three vocational vo-cational schools at central points in Alaska. The sum of $."O.0OO will be expended for new buildings. Two of these schools are already in operation with nn enrollment of several hundred hun-dred Eskimos and Indian pupils. Additional Ad-ditional schools, exclusively for industrial indus-trial training, are to be established within the near future. This is the first effort ever made by the government to give the natives of Alaska, who are under the jurisdiction jurisdic-tion of the bureau of education, an opportunity op-portunity to obtnin vocational education. educa-tion. Plans for the new constructions Include a $20,000 industrial school building at Eklutina In central Alaska, near Anchorage. The sum of $10,000 will be expended In building a new vocational vo-cational training building at Kauu- kanak located in southwestern Alaska. New buildings are also now in the course of construction for a new industrial in-dustrial school at White Mountain in northwestern Alaska, near Nome, at a cost of Sl'O.OOO. This school is expected ex-pected to be in operation within the next few months. Expansion of the proposed industrial indus-trial education of the natives is expected ex-pected to be readily accomplished through an act passed by congress before be-fore the adjournment of its recent session ses-sion authorizing the secretary of the Interior and the secretary of war to transfer to the bureau of education any unoccupied military buildings in Alaska. At the present time there are a number of abandoned military reservations reser-vations that are available for school purposes and it is expected that they will he used for the establishment of vocational schools. Practically all of them are of such size as to accommodate accommo-date a large number of pupils. One of the first of these abandoned military posts that will probably be taken over by the bureau of education educa-tion Is Fort Gibbon, located near Tan-ana, Tan-ana, Alaska. This post has not been occupied by troops for some li'.ve. |