Show education and the recent A national Is economic recess recession ion the country has haa survived nt at ten economic recessions major lit in el character in ili tho the pact years S some onie of thorn wore were oa as bad if not boise than tho the present the birot arnt in tills this period was in 1830 ahon tile country wont went as wilt wild over land speculation throughout tho the middle west as some did during the recent boom in florida lit in that year tho the government released about acres which was waa an ln crease of nearly per cent over that of 1834 for that period the lonna loans by banks for purposes in land bec becaro Lttie over lial alced and the tha panic of was waa P r As a result tile the U 8 bank collapsed pay ment was waa suspended and many farms wore ware bought for na as low a 2 per pel cent of their previous soil sell ing price with the collapse of the lie bunks banks and ol of farm values tavo thirds thorda of tile manufacturing plants of tin tilt country closed along with thou sands bands of other lines ot of business and a number of states repudiated their debts tito tho year 1841 marked tile the recovery reo oTery from froin this roes sion what ot of education in tills this period alio Amie american rican system ot of public education was founded by the humanitarian efforts of ilor ac faco e mann supported by loaders from among the humble mechanics and labors many of whom ivere masons tito movement was started in 1828 by these groups to tree themselves front from the so ao called pauper schools that there might be established free reo and universal education tito tho program for fol such nuch education bitterly assal assailed led na ila it was by nearly all the powerful poll tl ti clans rich men and great papers made great strides in the midst of tile the recession of that period the opponents of free education held that tho theo support of public schools would fall upon tho the taxpayers which would mean contla eating cating the wealth of the rich for benefit of the poor a revival of which ar argument gumont wo we are again hearing front from cortula cortti ln unsocial groups who as a rulo rule send their children to private or endowed schools the economic recession of 1857 was among the worst of our national experiences most alost of our railroad s systems were unable to la meet their obligations stocks and bonds crashed and some of our strongest banks insurance companies and other financial institutions closed their doors leaving tons tens of thousands ot of people out of employment what of education the teachers trained to think of the iho welfare of 0 the alia race and nation through the cl illda welfare organized tit the national education As under tinder the name ot of tile tho national teachers Tea cherri association lit in 1867 1857 and again education took an advanced step the outstanding event was the passage in ili 1859 of the first land grant bill tile the foundation ot of our splendid state universities which for no sound 31 reason havo have become the object of 0 subtle attack by bi tile the encin los 0 of our public edu education catlon system the panic of 73 win was serious in its effects farm and security values dropped rapidly banks everywhere wore were in distress and many of thom them the m closed their doors the first yr year or of tills this recession 10 or more briess bua luesa failed partners could not obtain otio tigh for their products to pay interest and taxes railroads do de faulting upwards of a billion dollars in bonds bonda wont went into tile lie minds of receivers by 1879 this disastrous debacle came to an end anti but what of edu cation in this period two far reaching steps were taken in tile the progress of education nigh schools were established and NV T harris then superintendent of schools in X st louis mo alo and afterward U S commissioner of education realizing the importance of developing tho the habits ot of study early in ii was wag instrumental tit in oe tile tho first kindergarten with the creation ot or these theao two groat great arms anna of education terms of school were lengthened sory bory attendance atton danco laws enacted and except noar near uio the close of that cycle expenditures por per pupil roso rose year by year during the next net fourteen four toon years wo we had good times which noro allowed oll owed by the panic ot of 93 1 economic conditions condl tlona again receded ind tho country suffered a dlapa irons financial stringency but tile the POTt of tile public was scarcely arcely lc affected affect od thero being some in III the salaries balark of teachers toa chora ind nn an increase in school expend turoa above the normal ratio in crease aronse tn in property values tito schools also farod well dur ing tho the economic re co ces salona ot of 1903 1907 and 1921 but it in the present recession wo we are hearing on oil all sides that there la Is a crisis in that great bulwark of democracy the alie or of its citizens ehla alarming ae declaration clara which 1 ig q supported by facts from every corory part of tho the country la Is paw to education lit in america I 1 schools havo have been closed school building and equipment aro are curtailed teachers tou chers sal salaries arles materially reduced rod need school bonds anro without purchasers ond and oven even arents of doing away with hll hit public education except the ele eld guides grades which Is regarded d as the most important Is hoard board arvery previous economic ro ces filon has been A ch challance allange clial lango to tile friends of public schools to go forward to higher lovela levels of education can it bo be possible that though the school men supported by tho people have demonstrated the value of education to the vested interest of tho the century soc security or of theli property rights tinder linger a constitutional government preparations of our citizens to do da dolop and maln A complex or dor of civilization that these in forests are naw ready to kick front from under tile ladder by which they have risen it if so BO the school moil men supported by the alio common people and lover of liberty lu in tile ho land must accept the challenge and with the spirit ot of tho founders or of education of tile the century go forward with their ideals that tills democracy and its hi influence lit in ilia world may not po go tho the way that other civilizations havo have gono education has but scratched tile ho surface of human possibilities s hu man mall hopes and the yearnings of human hearts economic adjustments bringing greater blessings to mankind are thought to bo be nearer than ihan some people believe education will have elven clyen birt birth h to hom hem only by education can call they bo be perpetuated |