Show m- SUNDAY MORNING '' t if "V ' V-- ( THE OGDEN (UTAH) 1955 APRIL 17 STANDARD-EXAMINE- r 7A R 'We Must Relearn in Many Ways' (! T t France Approved Paris Pacts but Germans Are Doubtful About a Trusting Peace West Must Not Leave Us by Ourselves They Say Are Even Afraid of Themselves f' !! i f i J! By PRESTON GROVER BONN Germany (AP) — Germans are as much afraid of them- 't -- l$iii'" u " i II- - X' v-r-- 1? ' V —X ait? -- - f - ir? — il Aft Tiling e'- their C? -i - New Home for the NATO This is a “model of the new permanent NATO headquarters (being The modernistic building was Carlo architect French Jacques designed by built in Paris France t six-stor- y Democratic Dinner Climaxes Political Week in Washington m (AP) —The Democratic Party has come a long one since way Ignatius Donnelly compared it to a mule — “without pride of ancestry or hope of posterity’ Donnelly delivered his crusher in the Minnesota Legislature more than half a century ago He couldn’t have sold it to any talk was just whistling past the of the 3000 Democratic Party graveyard He said the Demofaithful who paid out $100 each crats are fearful that Mr Eisenfor their big dinner here tonight hower will run agani and “I am This was Old Home Week for very certain he will” the Democrats All right Even WARREN’S STATEMENT — so they had to make room for a “When I accepted that position political— or rather a (chief justice) it was with the — announcement by Republi- fixed purpose of leaving politics can Earl Warren permanently for service on the Chief Justice Warren handed court That is still my purpose I will not down a majority decision It is irrevocable that he wouldn’t run for presi- -' change it under any circumstances dent under any circumstances A or conditions” Gallup poll had listed him as the POLIO — In an international ’ GOP first choice for 1956 after gesture of good will Mr President Eisenhower ordered that the United States supply the latest data on It Wasn’t AH Politics It wasn’t all politics this week the Salk vaccine to nations around either There was the thankful the world including Communist receipt of news that the Salk vac- countries Sen Hill worried about cine works against polio There were the argu- the possibility of‘ a black market ments before the Supreme Court developing for the vaccinej but And much to Secretary of Welfare Hobby said on segregation the annoyance of Secretary of she doubted there would be one A government sponsored conState Dulles there was Edward was set for April 22 to ference Corsi theIn disputing the Donnelly study “every possible means for sis of no pride of ancestry the assuring equal opportunity for imDemocrats did plenty of bragging munization for all those who wish Jackson and it as quickly as possible” about Jefferson SEGREGATION— The Supreme D Roosevelt Twenty-thre- e Franklin listened for four days to Court Democratic senators made out speeches Wednesday in honor of arguments over how to carry NeFDR whom only death could re- its degree that segregation of move from the White House gro and white students in public is unconstitutional schools Demto the Looking posterity The big question was in the ocrats talked confidently of 1956 and beyond They even took a timing crack or two at Mr Eisenhower Lawyers for Southern states and up to now most of them have held out for no deadline They been stepping around him pretty said there were so many serious consequences involved that it carefully The “Democratic Digest” would be dangerous to set a speopined that maybe Mr Eisenhow- cific time— CORSI Edward Corsi ousted er wouldn’t be any more invincias a special adviser on immigrable in 1956 than Thomas E Dewey matters after 90 days gave tion was in 1948 And Democratic M Chairman Paul Butler said: Secretary Dulles and the Repub“The public is becoming more lican party a headache Dulles pulled Corsi’s job out and more aware that the Presifrom under him and offered him dent is responsible for the failCorsi spurned it and another frictions ures and inconsistencies within his own party regardless took the occasion to charge that of whether he continues to shrug the administration’s refugee prooff mistakes” gram is “a scandalous failure” in the grip of intolerant men Trubeat Dewey) Harry (he man breezed back into town to banquet in great style tonight Unfrozen with fellow Democrats in honor INDIANAPOLIS (UP)— Lillian of Speaker Sam Rayburn and to Mofield’s “frozen assets” were talk of recapturing the White liquidated by a thief She told House for a Democrat “I am for police someone stole' $130 from Stevenson” Truman said her home while she was out She Sen Bridges said he had kept the money in a can in thought all the big Democratic the refrigerator WASHINGTON non-politic- al one-ma- n Eisen-howev- (D-Al- three-cornere- r selves as other people are afraid of Germans They are disturbed both by their weakness and strength although they are proud that their hard work and industrial genius have brought them to a level of prosperity probably not equaUed elsewhere among the big nations of Europe Britain may be an exception This is a nutshell summary of a look just taken at the country the first prolonged visit since I worked in Germany as a correspondent in the early part of the war — 194041 Three Looks at Germany I have had three looks at Germany The first was under Hitler when the whole industry and the people were geared to maximum war effort The second was in 1948 when there was more ruin than rebuilding Now the third Among the active Nazis during the war there was an almost religious devotion to the war effort supported by a feeling that they were doing that which was “good” to be doing There was considerable apathy in the population in 1940 but by 1941 the atmosphere began to change with victories victories victories —almost without variation Now 15 years later the change is staggering in almost all respects During the wat shop windows were empty Today the stores are bulging full of every kind of clothes radios and food not only the kinds produced in Germany but rarer items from foreign lands They Thank America West Germans tell you frankly they know they have it good and in this they rejoice They thank America for its rich help and tell you that without American help they would still be hungry But with their copious victuals have come problems which worry all classes from thoughtful historians and public officials to laborers and cultivators The major problem stated perhaps too simply is this: “How can we avoid becoming again what we were?” A demand for a new German outlook has been voiced by Fried rich Meinecke dean of German historians: “What we lived through in the past 14 years forces us to accept entirely new perspectives and problems in the evaluation of our past We must relearn in many er a) d 1 which provide a more loosely knit defense setup as only a second-clas- s substitute Another theme heard throughr out was “the West must not leave us by ourselves” To state it simply Germany has been more or less in conflict with the West for over a century ever since Napoleon Now there is a widespread desire for realignment “Germany has a place only with the West” said Otto Brenner chairman of the Metal Workers Union biggest in Germany This is true he said even though German labor and the Socialists opposed the European army and oppose rearmament because they feel it will interfere with reunification of Germany Also a major problem is the setting up of machinery that will keep the German Army democratic in spirt and democratically controlled by civilians For since the days of Bismarck the Germany Officers Corps has traditionally been an elite group with vast influence on national policy Thoughtful Analysis A thoughtful analysis of this problem was given by the director of one of Germany’s biggest manufacturing industries Germany is not going to accept large scale army influence in government' he said That is the present mood The German people want to keep it out “Despite its defeat” he said “the German army came out of World’War I with a high reputation This was not true after World War II It finished the war with the Officer Corps neither my-tou- 10 years the whole situation might change If Germany should find itself with a government as unstable as that in France it would be hard to say that the people would not turn again to the army That will be particularly true he said it concessions to Germany are “too late and too little — especially too late” That was true he said after World War I Disquiet Arises Such expression of disquiet arises every time Germans talk of their prospective armjy and the problems which tend to push them in the same path they took after World War I Officially the government is determined to avoid such paths That is why Chancellor Konrad Adenauer is determined to fit Germany tightly into the Western community But major roadblocks stand in his way One is the matter of reuniting Germany The other is contention over the rich Saar region On both there is trouble with France and the problem of France swirls about in German public life as does no other mat- ter France wants to attach the Its Saar’s economy to its own exproduction boosts France’s port balance Adenauer’s government has reluctantly agreed to this — until a peace settlement is reached But France is pushing to make it permanent Insists on Saar France also insists that the Saar area must be made a separate “European” territory not to be attached again to Germany Germany insists that the Saarlanders are German and can’t be denationalized Adenauer’s leadership is much weakened by this dispute It has already been converted into a strongly German nationalist issue and the chancellor is constantly on the defensive about it Despite the many disputes the Germans I talked to are having no truck with going along without France a course considered possible by Britain and the United States in event France failed to ratify the new Paris treaties “We would go along with America and Britain in implementing what we could” said a foreign office official but he added firmly: “We would not take any action which would break with France” Feel Setback German leaders both political and industrial feel sadly the setback suffered in uniting Europe With EDC they thought the goal could be won Now they are far less sure and — far less sure of themselves They know for instance that there is a strong holdover of Hitlerian influence among certain parts of the population Some of these voices are feeling free to speak up again I called on Otto Abetz who was Nazi minister to occupied France defends much during the war-Hthat ’was Hitlerian but some of his talk makes sense to Western ears “The problem in Germany now is not that we are going to be too militaristic” the white-haireformer' ambassador said “The government is going to have the greatest trouble inciting the Germans to get Jnto the army at all” That he insisted “was not easy even under Hitler” Looks to America He added: “It is not now possible to bring about the union of Europe except through the leadership of Russia or America and the West has chosen American leadership There is no danger that Germany will be an force when East Geris many reunited to the West the East will be the most virulent against the Communists because they have lived so cfosely wjth e d seem agreed on Germany remain ing divided” He spoke with' some bitterness He said no German could admit he was not interested in seeing the country reunited but since it was not going to happen right away that situation must be accepted and dealt with Among other steps needed he said is for Germany to be permitted to trade with the East We Can’t Sell Much “We can’t sell much to England and France or their empires and not at all to the United States We must find Eastern markets in underdeveloped countries” j He said the Krupp works was not in a position to share in any rearmament trade and not eager tp do so “I know that will be taken cynically” he said “but we have had experience twice Business in arms doesn’t pay” A more optimistic view was taken by Helmoth Burckhardt general director of the Eschwei-le- r Berkwerks Vereins (coal producers) J “France and Germany have already achieved an integration cf interests that makes war impossible between the two” he said referring principally to the Schu-ma- n -- coal-stee- pool l “There is little possibility that Germany could start up an independent arms industry without the knowledge of France” He insisted there was no disposition in Germany to try to deal with the Russians against the West but added: America at Fault “America committed a g r e at fault in Emphasizing the military aspects ahead of the economic and political aspects of the European defense Community” He feels this continues to be them” of American support in Eutrue leaders German tell Former immeno see friends their rope they diate hope of a reunited Germany because the Russians won’t give up East Germany so long as the Richards Sign Go Americans are in western Europe Dr Karl Hundhausen business Truck Lettering director of one of the Krupp branches said over coffee in a lis Wt Pott non Dial 9711 hotel in Essen: “America France and Russia anti-Weste- rn I found this echoed in various forms in talks with industrialists journalists government officials winegrowers labor representatives and finally by a group of students in fabled Heidelberg Every German with whom talked with the principal exception of Social Democratic Leader Erich Ollenhauer was gravely shocked by the defeat of the Eu ropean defense community in the French Assembly They accepted the Paris pacts LADIES May we help you stop drinking? Alcoholics Anonymous Ladies Group uijniiseieiwji'iwiiyepi-un- Bex 63 128S Ogdan j TMCIS f d trusted loved nor respected” He said however that in ways” (R-N- '! (Editor’s note: Now that France has approved the Paris pacts what are the chances of a trusting peace between that country and Germany age-olenemies? In the first of two Sunday articles AP’S Paris Bureau chief formerly of Salt Lake City Utah visits Germany and draws on his background of experience in both countries to bring you a graphic picture of a nation arising from rubble) on utah CREDIT nsEjilfen vclti© SSffiTCHriO VWfUfl CHARM FRAME ' For only $850 you get 'X I Thorough eye examination 2 YOUR CREDIT First quality NO r i INTEREST CHARGES lenses 3 Your choice of a first quality frame i No money down pay just $1 veelcIyC ( single-visio- n 4 Satisfaction guaranteed COME IN! 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