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Show THE KULLET1N Agriculture May Keepin cienee WNU Service. Adventurers' by Iimnunologist Defensive Mechanism of the Body is Complex into the of molecules where the antigens of invading disease germs are fought by antibodies, police of physiology's realm, was given here by Dr. Sanford B. Hooker of Boston in the presidential address before the American Association of Immu- A glimpse ultra-worl- d nologists. The defensive mechanism of the body is a complex of invisible physical and chemical forces and Dr. Hooker, reviewing current researches in a difficult field, gave his fellow medical scientists a picture of the important antibody or germ fighter. It is considered to be a kind of protein molecule formed by certain body cells when influenced by the antigen evil stuff created by germs such as the toxin or poison of the diphtheria bacillus. This protein molecule, called antibody globulin, is different from other globulin molecules. It has, probably at the surface of each molecule, specific combining The antigen molecule, groups. formed by the bacteria, also has combining groups at its surface. The union of these two is important in producing immunity or resistance to disease. Patterns of Binding Points. molecules have many Antigen combining groups, not necessarily of the same kind. Antibody molecules, formed by the body's cells, have each only one or a relatively few combining groups. The combining groups are thought of as more or less complex patterns of binding points. Those on the antibody molecule are distributed in a pattern that is the mirror image of the binding point pattern of antigens. And the antibody binding charges points have electrical which are the opposite of those carried by the antigen binding points. One kind of combining group, it is assumed, must contain at least three properly adapted points which differ from those of another kind of combining group in atomic nature, spacing and sign and strength of electric charge. Master-Ke- y Antibody Molecules. A single kind of antigen combining group, if sufficiently complex, may call forth somewhat different kinds of antibody. The perfect "master-key- " antibody would be those which most faithfully and completely reflect the physical characters which determine the specificity of the antigen. Such antibody molecules would have binding points which could unite effectively with the antigen binding points and neutralize the evil power of the antigen. "The same antiserum," Dr. Hooker said, "may contain grades of more imperfect and dissociable antibodies extending to the poorest kind whose pattern is so incomplete as to have the least affinity permissive of any recognizable association with antigen." anThe more of these high-gratibodies in an antiserum, the more effective will be the serum in protecting against disease. wild-growi- On many occasions the Supreme court, acting as our National Umpire, has been called upon to protect citizens under the clause. Some-tim- Pattern er ( one. Mrs. Henneberry's house was at 1406 Barrington street, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. Because the large row of houses was owned by a Mr. Flynn, it was known as Flynn Block. The day was December 6, 1917. At 8:30 a. m. the Henneberry children, all five of them, were getting ready for school. The two oldest children had Just left the house, and the younger ones were eating their breakfast. A hundred yards out in the harbor, directly across from Mrs. Henneberry's house, several boats lay at anchor, one of them carrying ammunition, for this was during the World war. The Ammunition Ship Exploded. Mrs. Henneberry, wishing to make sure the children had gone around the corner to school, as was her custom went to the front door and opened it In the harbor, she noticed a cloud of smoke rising. She remembers hearing someone say, "MY GOD, THE BOAT'S EXPLODED!" Then a blast of air lifted her bodily. She lost consciousness. . . Mrs. Henneberry's husband had served overseas with the second On the day of the explosion he was in the hosdraft of the pital. When he heard the noise of the explosion, he said to one of his buddies, "The Germans have got us," thinking it was an air raid. Just then one of the boys came in and said, "No, Ben, aU the North Side is blown op, one of the boats exploded carrying ammunition." When Ben Henneberry heard that, he said: "My family is up there." Hastily he assembled some of his friends and started for the north end of the city. All the soldiers and sailors were out to help them. Sixty-third- s. Throngs of Hysterical People. ; root-grubbe- Heating Quality of Coal Determined by Refraction Index The city was roped in because all the people who had relatives living there were trying to rescue them shouting and yelling and nearly going mad with fear and anxiety, so Mrs. Henneberry relates. If the people were not stopped some of them they would actually run into flaming buildings. Into this rush of hysterical human beings, Ben Henneberry pushed his way, making with agonized premonition for the unrecognizable mass of fallen stone and timbers that had been his home. When Mrs. Henneberry came to, after the explosion, she was lying in the cellar of her home. All around her she could hear people screaming for help. She was completely pinned by the large timbers and foundation of her house. She was lying on her back, and all she could do was to move her fingers, she says. One thing, and that only, saved her from being burned te death. Her home was so close te the water that the waves washed aU over the demolished building, extinguishing flying sparks. Otherwise, Mrs. Henneberry says, "I wouldn't be here to tell the story." Not far off, completely crushed and buried under timber and debris, lay one of Mrs. Henneberry's children. She could hear the child moaning and crying, but she could not move to help her. After a while she heard the child's cries cease, and she knew she was dead. Then Mrs. Henneberry sank into merciful unconsciousness. New York. A new experi mental method by which sci entists can look at a piece of coal and tell how much heat it will generate was announced at the meeting of the American Their Five Children All Dead. Institute of Mining and Metal At three o'clock, Ben Henneberry, frantic with grief, came upon the unconscious form of his wife, and the scattered bodies of his five dead lurgical Engineers here. But don't rush down to your own coal pile and hope to tell whether the present delivery is better than the last one. The new method is relatively simple; but not that micro-organis- et g. drawn window or glass bubble are already being used, Mr. Denning-to- n said, by physicians to destroy the germs of skin infections. At the opposite extreme of medical use are the eight sterilizing lamps installed over the operating table at Duke university hospital to sterilize air during surgical operations and thus prevent wound infections. eral Constitution. DON'T believe it hurts any of us to stop once in a while and it has saved citizens from lostake stock, to reflect how lucky we actually are. That's one their homes without be in- - adereason why I'm telling today the adventure of Mrs. B. A. Henne- - ing compensated. quately The most notable instance inberry of New York, N. Y. It s an incredible tale, this story of how out of two hundred people living within range of an explovolved Arlington, the home of Mrs. sion, only ten survivors remain of whom Mrs. Henneberry is Robert E. Lee, wife of the Conit is the federate Den-ningt- on in- be taken for public use, without just compensation." That's from the Bill of Rights, an important part of our fed- T of the Sun has an extremely thin By ROBERT MERRILL "OR shall private proper-t- y - Combating Disease and Decay With which AND HOW IT WORKS ARUSGTOX Famous Headline Hunter ng Lamp company at the meeting here of the Canadian section of Iceland Floods Caused the American Institute of Elecby Underground Fires trical Engineers. Sunlight can kill Floods in most London. and infraeven when its red rays are filtered out. Mr. Den-- places are caused by water nington explained. The rays of from the skies. Floods in Iceshorter wavelengths, from 2,537 ang- land very destructive ones, stroms down, are the most effective too been caused by Ares have at Such rays harnessed in a lamp under the earth. HIS POTTPT and the Hill of Rights By FLOYD GIBBONS de germ-killin- i "The Halifax Explosion" Two midwestern geologists, L. C McCabe of the Illinois geological survey, and Prof. T. T. Quirke of the University of Illinois, described the secrets of coal analysis in their technical paper, "Angle of Polariza tion as an Index of Coal Rank." Shown By Refraction. Tiny cubes of coal are polished and brightly illuminated with a small lamp. The light reflected from the polished surface becomes polarized and is studied with Nicol prisms to determine the angle of polariza tion. By a fundamental rule of op tics known as Brewster's law, the angle of polarization of the reflected light can be related to what scientists call the index of refraction. This last is the degree of bending which a material will cause a light passes through it. Final and significant step in the research was the discovery that the amount of heat in B. T. U. (British Rays Thermal Units) which a unit Toronto. The day when man amount ofa coal can producee is related by simple straight-linrewill fight and conquer micro- lationship with its index of refracorganisms of disease and decay tion as measured in the apparatus. with the sun's rays or their laborUsing the wide range of different of coal found in Illinois from kinds seems atory-made equivalent woody lignite to soft bituminous and alnear. to be drawing Steps so on to harder bituminous, it was ready taken in this direction found that as the heating qualities of the coals increased, so, too, did were described by A. R. of the Westinghouse their index of refraction. ultra-viol- it imrvit Club have its DID agriculture beginnings in the Old Stone Age? Prof. Oswald Menghin of the University of Vienna thinks it possible. If he is correct in his conjecture, farming becomes a vastly older way of life than has usually been supposed. There is no doubt, of course, that agriculture was widespread and well developed in the New Stone age, whose beginnings were something like 20,000 years ago. Abundant archaeological evidence shows that men grew grain and kept herds in the Neolithic of Egypt, of Mesopotamia, of India, of China. We do not know the age in years of the agriculture in America, but there can be no question that it also arose in a Neolithic culture stage. Theory Based cn Stone Blade. The common assumption has gone beyond this, and credited the Neolithic peoples with the actual invention of .agriculture. To the Paleolithic, or Old Stone age, peoples is assigned merely the role of huntof er, fisher, and grubber-u-p roots. Prof. Menghin points out that in the Old Stone age, which almost certainly runs back 200,000 years and possibly much more, the distribution of one particular type of stone blade, well adapted for turning the soil, coincides with the genof plants with eral distribution-zon- e thick, edible roots and tubers. This kind of blade is usually but it was called a "hand-ax,-" uses than to other chopping adapted wood. It could also be held in both hands as kind of a crude hoe or trowel, and so serve well as a grubbing tool. Conjectures on the Neolithic ori gin of agriculture usually picture men of the New Stone age as gath- ering wild grains and other food plants, and then discovering accidentally that they could .be sown. Professor Menghin carries the same mode of reasoning back to his Old Stone age SUPREME m By DR. FRANK TIIOXE War of Antibodies and Antigens Told Chicago. J Theory Set Forth by Menghin of Vienna ervwe Science Service. Cfflfou mud Have Had Beginning in Old Stone Age Dinner Cloth of Crocheted Lace The i Investigations by Dr. Niels Nielsen, Copenhagen geologist, show that two recent destructive floods in Iceland were caused by the eruptions of volcanic vents opening under thick glaciers. The heat melted the ice rapidly and in such vast quantity that the total water volume of the larger of the two floods is estimated by the geologist at over a billion cubic yards. Of this I simply cannot write. No words of mine could ever portray this scene, nor would I if I could. Suffice it to say that the husband and his friends assisted in putting Mrs. Henneberry on one of the numerous boats that were taking victims in relays to a hospital in the south end of the city. So extensive was the damage that all hospitals were Jammed, victims were taken to the colleges for treatment and hospitalization. Mrs. Henneberry says she was taken to the "Women's College." Some doctors and nurses from Massachusetts had been sent along, and she happened to be one of their patients. She was so badly hurt that she just lay numb for three weeks. When she got out of the hospital, she had to walk on crutches for a year. While Mrs. nenneberry was in the hospital, her family doctor came into the ward and was talking to one of her neighbors. Speaking of Mrs. Henneberry, he remarked how badly he felt, after being her doctor for so many years; for, he said, he could hold oat little hope for her. When Mrs. Henneberry heard him say that, she spoke up: "No, doctor, I'm still here." "He was the most surprised man I ever looked at," Mrs. Henneberry says. Relatives in Massachusetts mourned her as dead. On Christmas Day they got word she was still alive "The best Christmas present they ever got," they said. children. grief-strick- en WNU Service. Nature Supplies Power and Ice From Volcanoes Sometimes Nature supplies power for nothing. The people of Larder-ellin the Province of Pisa, Italy, live at the foot of an active volcano. Every unit of heat, power, and light used in the town is obtained from its fiery interior, thus saving the citizens endless expense and taxation. In addition, commercial borax is obtained from "blow holes" in the hillside, relates a writer in London Answers Magazine. The people of Styria, Austria, live beside another kindly mountain. This is "Der Erzberg," the Iron Mountain, which is 5.000. feet high and contains about 300,000,000 tons of iron ore fifty per cent of its volume. There is another iron mountain in Sweden Kiirunavaara which is feet high and contains more e iron than any other equal area on earth, for seventy per cent is pure iron. Needless to say, both these mountains have been exploited by the communities who live in the vicinity. Nature has also her own gasworks. Medicine Hat, in Alberta, has for years obtained gas and light from inexhaustible subterranean generating stations. There are a number of wells which supply fifty miles of houses and streets. Welland, Ontario, also has a nat ural gas supply, and so has some of of the United the States, but in the latter case gas is o, 2,-4- high-grad- Mid-Weste- rn tent by pipeline from Texas where the wells are 800 miles away. Mexico has a volcano that pro- duces ice. This is Colima, which sometimes bursts into activity. By some freak, huge hailstones fall continuously round the crater These are collected in special bins. conveyed to distant towns, and sold in cafes and hotels. The Tree Fish Among the strange creatures in Australia is the mudskipper. It swims, walks on land why it even climbs trees. The fish, found in rlv ers oi Northern Queensland, are gen erally about 10 inches long. A real freak of nature, they have lungs in addition to gills. Their thick front fins are about the shape and size of frogs legs. On these they walk. A mudskipper usually goes ashore pur sued by a crab, its mortal enemy, To escape, it ascends the roots of a mangrove tree, many of which grow near the shore. Thus it gets another name, "mangrove ash. Isaae Watts, Hymn Writer Isaac Watts, the hymn writer. was born at Southampton in 1674, From 1698 to 1701 he was a tutor in the family of Sir John Hartopp. He became minister of the independent church at Mark Lane, London, 1702, resigning in 1712 because of ill health. Watts was a popular writer and his theological works were nu merous. His tretife on "Logic" be came well known, but his reputation rests chiefly upon his hymns. He died in 1748. general. Today famous national cemetery across the Potomac from Washington, where rest our soldier dead. Union Takes Arlington. Here is the story from the rec ords of the court: During the war bstwen the states, Union forces took possession of Arlington, and the wife of the famed southern leader was forced to retire behind the Confederate lines. In 1862, congress passed a bill en titled, "An Act for the Collection of Direct Taxes in the Insurrection ary Districts within the United States." Under this measure commissioners were appointed to levy and collect taxes and. in default of payment, to sell tho property against which they were charged. Various rules were drafted by the appointed commissioners. One pro vided that property taxes in the district including Arlington had to be paid by the owner in person. On January 11, 1884, taxes to the sum of $92.07 were due on the Lee estate. Since she was behind the Confederate lines, Mrs. Lee was unable to appear personally to pay them. She sent an agent to make the payment for her, but, because of the arbitrary rule, the money was refused. Then the estate was sold to pay the taxes. The United States gov ernment bid it in. Confirms Lower Court. Mrs. Robert E. Lee died In 1872, and her son inherited the right to reclaim the estate. Asserting that the government claim to his boy hood home was unjust, he petitioned congress to return it to him. When that effort failed he instituted wit against the officers in charge. The lower court decided that the tax sale was invalid, and, therefore. the United States had no rightful title to the property. But the Depart ment of Justice appealed. The case went to the Supreme court of the United States for a decision. It af firmed thr lower court Referring in it:- opinion to the 5th Amendment of our Constitution the Amendment which provides that: No person shall . . be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law, nor shall private property be taken for public use without just compensation," the Su preme court said: "If this Constitutional provision is a sufficient authority for the court to interfere to rescue a prisoner from the hands of those holding him under the asserted authority of the government, what reason is there that the same courts shall not give remedy to the citizen whose property has been seized without due process of law, and devoted to public use without just compensation? Lee Sells Home to U. 8. Thus the Supreme court had up held the Lee title but while the government was in possession, it had converted part of the estate into the cemetery and buried thousands of soldiers and sailors there. An other part had been made into military post. Lee, therefore, agreed to sell Arlington to the United States and the government acquired title after "just compensation." That was an outstanding case, but in other cases, too, the Supreme court has assured similar protection to men and women who appealed to it for justice. On one occasion a citizen's prop erty was taken by government offi cers under the impression that the ground had been ceded to the Unit ed States in an Indian treaty. An appeal carried up to the Supreme court resulted in its restoration to the owner, even though the government had erected a garrison and other buildings on it. - 1418. Dress up your table, when com pany's expected, with this stunning lace cloth. Crochet either identical Equares, or companion squares they're easy fun, and either way makes a handsome design as shown. Crochet them of string and they'll measure 10 inches; in cotton, they are 6Vi inches. Join together, for tea or dinner cloth, spread or scarf. Pattern 1410 contains directions and charts for making the squares shown ; illustrations of them and of all stitches used; material re quirements. Send 15 cents in stamps or coins (coins preferred) for this pattern to The Sewing Circle Ncedlecraft Dept., 82 Eighth Ave., New York, N. Y. Write your name, address and pattern number plainly. "Quotations" Just m we uie money with bust-nrneeds, m we need manners far our daily need. Mickmd Arlen. The only worthy attitude of aa at of a nation, if this to serve a greater whole and to strive for improvement and ennoblements Albert EinHtin. War b not a relic of barbarism, but the fruit of the system under which we MvejDever Allen, Editor. The silver lining to the world depression is woman chance to prove she really is man's hrlpmatew Elinor u CIyh. A man of forty Is not loo old to have made up his mind about many tilings and loo young not to be wilt tag to change it. Ceorgt Boot. Coleman AIR. PRESSURE Mantle LANTERN Use your Coleman in hundreds of plaesa when aa ordinary lan tern is Badass. Use It for chores, hunting, fishing, or oa any lob ft turns night Bight Into day. Wind, after-dar- k ... run or mow cant put ft out. High candle-powugnt. models. The finest made. Prices aa low aa W5. Your local dealer can er H vou. Send post-for FREE Folders. THE COLEMAN IAMP AND STOVE CO. Chicago, ttU DepfaWUin.Wkhfa, Philadelphia. Pa Loa A again. Calif tflTii kmi Immortality There is only one way to get ready for immortality, and that is to love this life and live it as bravely and faithfully and cheerfully as we can Van Dyke. KILLS INSECTS on nowEis nuns ft SHIUBS PamaisT ortpfsiol lemiod VEGETAIIES ltf WNU W 20-- 37 SALT LAKE'S NEWEST HOSTELRY Oar lobby Is deUganally afar ceeMiarlatlK JtaeHo for Ivory IWomm tOOKmo-200Bt- ho m 3 Western Newspaper Union. British Roads Fence! Fencing in roads has begun in firaat Britain as a nrotection to a number of Already pedestrians. a r. uonaon ana vicmuy in highways havm hMn treated in this manner. It is pointed out that the safest places in the iana are ine railways, which are railed in. When a fence anmu lin a notice CRT With a loud speaker is stationed in the neigh borhood to see mai uie wayiarers mrm Hnlv informed. It is believed that sooner or later the barriers will go nearly the entire way along hitrhurava and roads, leavine onlv tii surface crossings at infreauent intervals. The highways will have become motorways ana peaestrians ha reauired to keen off them. except where signs and beacons per-nui wem o crow. . l - HOTEL Temple Square Watee 1.5Q to $3.00 Tho note! Tuaapta RanuM fcae a mtmu highly daairabl. frlMdly phm.YM will always Haw! lata. eaprwoMiiy ewaaforlaMe, aa4 the Iharaaatify snat4a.Yoa fat aadensuad why thia hotel iai HIGHLY RECOMMENDED Tm aaa alas appraelata why fre a mum of aUslajctfosj to slaw Itln at cMa fcoawtifoJ hostelry ERNEST C ROSSITER. Mgr. |