OCR Text |
Show THE BULLETIN A- - Q ' f I L -- V 73 T A X. JL xjL By ELMO SCOTT WATSON NE hundred and twenty-fiv- e years ago this month, an event of historic importance occurred in what is now the state of Oregon. On April 12, 1811, the little ship, Tonquin, dropped anchor in one of the bays which form the mouth of the Columbia river. Seven months earlier she had set sail in New York harbor and pointed her prow toward Cape Horn. Now, after a voyage filled with danger and dissension, she had reached her objective. On board her w as a strangely-assorte- d commny of men who had come on an important mission. Here on the instant shores of the Pacific they were about to establish the westernmost outpost in the of empire of fur which John Jacob Astor, merchant-princ- e New York, was building throughout North America. A party of 16 men had already bay for several weeks and young gone ashore and when the TonAwtor improved the time by talking quin came to anchor, she was with a countryman, who waa In the "saluted with three volleys of fur business, snd learning all about musketry and three cheers. She that Important Induatry, returned the salute with three Arriving In New York Astor became a clerk for e fur dealer. After cheers and three guns. Thus s while he was aent Into the Iro-- : .writes Washington Irving, the quota country to buy from the Inearliest chronicler of this incdiana, and soon he waa In bualnesa ident in American history. He for himself, first handling musical continues: Instrumenls, then musical Instruments and furs, snd Anally furs "All hands now set to work far-flu- ng cutting down trees, clearing away thickets and marking out the place for the residence, storehouse and powder magazine, which were to be built of logs and covered with bark. Others landed the timbers intended for the frame of the coasting vessel and proceeded to put them together, while others prepared a garden spot and sowed the seeds of various .Vegetables. "The next thought was to give a name to the embryo metropolis; the one that naturally suggested itself was that of the projector and supporter of the whole enterprise. It was accordingly called ASTORIA. They little dreamed how shortlived this "embryo metropolis' was to be nor that history would write alone. At drat he went on foot, with a heavy pack on hla back, camping out or living In the lodges of (he Indiana. He went to Mon- -' treat nnd from Montreal followed the fur traders westward, pushing beyond Lake Superior Into the prairie country. Industrious, prudent and thrifty, the young German was soon on his way to a fortune. In the year that Astor sailed from England several of the prlndpnl merchants of Montreal had organized the Northwest company to compete with the powerful Hudsons Bay company, snd soon bad a virtual monopoly over the fur busl- -' neai In the Great Lakes region. Their success encouraged the founding of other companies snd resulted in the organization of a new asaodatlon of British merchants to exploit the region south of the Great Lakes, an almost untapped reservoir of wealth In peltries. The principal post or "factory" of this company was historic Mlchllllmacklnac, from which place the new company ASTORIA AS IT WAS IN 1813 down the Astor project as s magnificent failure." If It hud been a success, the course of American history might have been profoundly affected by their lubors. For, In the words of a recent historian Arthur D. Uowden Smith, author of "John Jacob Astor Landlord of New York" (Llpplncolt) the significance of Astoria was this: "There g a tings of epic quality In the affair, all the more human, and therefore the more Interest-Ing- , for the failure which dogged IL The stake was the coactlande of North America, from the borders of the Spanish Crown to the fiords of Alaska, where Count Baronhoff ruled for the czar. Had Aator won, Canada would hava been barred from the Pacific, and who can eay what might have been the result-Ineffect upon the relations between the United States and their northern neighbor? "Canada,denled a western seaport, must hava been urged to closer ties with American Industrialism: all the wealth of timber, mlnerale and agriculture that flow to Vancouver contributing to American prosperity; a railroad linking Puget Sound with Alaska the possibilities are limitless and fruitless to discuss. For Astor didnt win. "But even In failing, and despite the errors of hie course, he established the American title to Oregon and its hinterland, and to helped secure an empire sufficiently ample to satisfy most Americans, except the rabid breed who presently coml menced to shout: Manifest By which cryptic utterance they Implied a conviction that Divine Providence favored the extension of the Eagle's sway the length and breadth of tha continent We have them with ua yet" g Des-tlny- The story of John Jacob Astor la familiar one to most Americans son of a how the sixteen-year-ol- d butcher In Waldorf, Germany, left home In 1779, and worked In London for four years before he had enough money to buy a steerage to Baltimore; how be Invested the rest of hla money, after paying Ills passage; In seven flutes, from the sale of which he expected to Iny the foundation of hla fortune in tha new country; how the vessel waa delayed by Ice In Chesapeake took Its name of the Mackinaw company. In the meantime young Jacob As tor hud I) ecu Industriously building up bis own fur business. At first he shipped his furs to London, but as soon as he discovered tlmt China was a good market for fine peltries he embarked upon s venture Into the Orient- - He first chartered, then bought or built ships to carry fura to China and bring back tea until, as lie said, he "had a million dollars alloat which represented a duzen vessels." When the treaty of 1795 between Great Britain aud America oitened up a chance for direct commercial Intercourse between Canada and the United States, Astor embarked upon this trade but soon found himself bulked by the ower and Influence of the Mackinaw company. So John Jacob Astor, fur trader, gave place to the American Fur company, incorporated In New York writes Ills biogApril 0, ISOS, rapher, Arthur D. Ilowdcn Smith. The capital of $l,(X)0.(Kiu was entirely sultscrlbed by himself, which gives an Inkling of the wealth he bad acquired It Is obvious, too. hut he still Intended to make his business a one-ma-n affair. He had a very definite plan In view. He'd stretch out his chain of posts along the Great Lakes to the Mississippi as far as St. Louis, running a second string nlung the Missouri westward to the Rockies. Intermediate posts in the mountains would link the Missouri chain with a third chain down the Columbia to the Pacific. "The main distributing and cold lecting center for the trade would be at St. Louis. A fort st the mouth of the Columbia would afford a haven fur Ills China sbliw, which would load there direct for Canton. A (tost in the Sandwich Islands would be a stopping place both on the voyuge to Canton and from New York to the Columbia. "This was a grandiose scheme, but sound. Developed logically. It must assure him control of the entire region. Ills brigades would be so situated that they could repel any Invaders, while the complementary arrangements for marketing the catch would give him an east snd west dispersion, guaranteeing a uiuxliuum of ecouomy. Two Lovely Blouses For Your New Suit The Westernmost Outpost op a Far-Flun- Empire of Fur g Hed he able to buy fura cheaper, and sell them at a lower price. But he wasnt contented with the arrangements already outlined. The Russian Fur company, in Alaska, practically a government subsidiary, worked under several difficulties. It lacked transportation facilities at sea, and waa opposed by the Northwesters. . Astor conceived the Ides of Joining forces with the Russians, so that their furs, too, should pass through his hands. "Hs contemplated eventual dominance of the fur trade of the continent "He carried tha Idea to Washington. considered it a great public acquisition, Preaident Jefferson stated later, tha commencement of a settlement on that point of the western coast of America . . . American free trappers and traders west of the Mississippi weie quite as Jeulous of Astor's company as they were of the Northwest men. In 1SU9, Manuel Lisa, one of the ablest of the Missouri traders, orFur ganized the 8L company, known historically as the Missouri Fur company. It la difficult to understand why Astor didn't effect s combination with Manuel Lisa and his men. Instead, he turned to the Northwest company, to men who were Canadians, active trade enemies, who very readily might become national enemies, in the troubled state of public opinion." For at this time relations between America and England were strained and it was apparent to every one except Astor, who seems to have been strangely blind to the dangers threatening his enterprise that war between the two nations was inevitable. Heedless of this fact, Astor went ahead with his plans, and on June 23, 1810, organised the Pacific For company, the first subsidiary of the American Fur company, with a capital stock of $200,000; all of which be furnished. Personal risks, however, were to be borne by ten partners, five of whom were former Northwest company factors Alexander McKay, Donald McKen-zlDuncan McDougal, David Stuart, and his nephew, Robert Stuart Another was Wilson Price Hunt, a native of New Jersey, who was to be Astor's chief ageut and represent him In the establishment of the post on the Pacific. Astor's plan was to send two expeditions west, one by land and one by tea, with the expectation that they would arrive on the Columbia the following year at about the eame time. Hunt was to lead the expedition overland and for the ocean voyage he secured the chip, the Tonquin, and placed In command of it Jonathan Thorn, a lieutenant in the United States navy, then on leave of aboenco. As ft turned out both choice were unfortunate. Hunt had no western experience to qualify him for such a perilous overland journey and Thorn waa a "petty tyrant and a martinet." Almost from the beginning of the voyage of the Tompiin there was friction between Thorn and Astor's Canadian partners. Ry the lime they reached the Columbia they were on the verge of mutiny. Thorn hurried the Astor men in their selection of a site for I heir fort and in unloading the tools to hnlhl It and a part of their supplies. Then accompanied by McICay, the most experienced of the Northwest men, he sailed away north to get ahead of 1 Louls-MIssou- The loss of the Tonquin with the greater part of the trading supplies and ammunition Intended for the new trading post was an almost Irreparable loss. When news of the tragedy came back to Astoria, the men there knew that the only thing for them to do was to bang on and await the coming of the overland expedition. Autumn passed, and still no sign of Hunt nnd his men. Despite the assistance of experienced men, such as Donald McKenzie and Ramsey Ckooks, formerly associated with Lisas Missouri Fur company. Hunt's poor leadership had resulted In innumerable delays and a narrow escape from total failure. It was not nntll January, 1812, that the first contingent of the overland expedition, footsore and weary from the privations they had Postal Sen1 ice Is World's Biggest Business Biggest business la the world Is American mall. Uncle Sam carries on this vast Job In 44,015 post offices with 122.000 employees. Revenue fur the fiscal year that will end with June is how estimated at $070,000, 000. The cost of carrying the mall will reach $700,000,000. More than a billion pieces of mall were franked, and that was euqlva-len- t to a loss of $32,500,000 for Unde Sain. A fleet of 8,100 mall trucks looks like another world record for your Uncle. Philadelphia Inquirer. ID O G SI BUCKIEAMOT Keeps Dogs buy frets Ersrgrssss, Shrubs etc. "DaWTiminN pwUiMif Sen. ITCHING SCALP- -: OANDtUFF For son aga sightly Dan draff, use Glover's. Start today with Glover's Mange Medi-cin- e and follow with Glover's rl Medicated Soap . e. U. S. for the shampoo. Sold by all Druggists. 1S50-- B JOHN JACOB ASTOR undergone, arrived at Astoria.. During the next month some more straggled In. That summer the United States and Great Britain went to war, but It was not nntll the following December that news of the conflict reached Astoria, and It was brought by representatives of the Northwest company. In the meantime Astor bad been pleading with President Madison to send a warship to protect his outpost on the banks of the Columbia and help hold that region for the Americans. But Madison was too harassed with more pressing problems near at hand, and Astor's plea went unheeded. Eventually his partners In the Pacific enterprise sold the property, to the Northwest company at a heavy sacrifice to the firm, although they made good terms for themselves with the Canadian company, to which they had once belonged. The Astor ehterprlse was nt an end.. . . The ultimate responsibility for the failure of the enterprise rests on Astor himself, who entrusted the carrying out of the undertaking to a group of men almost all of whom were British subjects and who abandoned him when confronted with the crisis of war." The Astoria experiment had cost him dearly. He lost $800,000 In the venture, but as his biographer says, "he loat without whimpering, a aum In excess of the fortunee of all except perhaps a score of individual Americana in 1815; nobody else saw the vision he glimpsed, however Imperfectly, and nobody elee waa willing to undertake the job after he failed at it But for hla blind stumbling effort, our frontier north of California might conceivably have Blous?s hare to go a long way toward giving the tailored and mannish suits a sweet and feminine appearance. The model at the top Is a new lingerie blouse made of madonna blue crepe de chine and trimmed with tiny crystal buttons. Soft puff sleeves tightly banded and a fluffy bow at the throat contribute the feminine touches. At The bottom Is a most attractive shirt blouse It has a charming Peter Pan collar and buttoned panel for the waist closing the model Is made of batiste with either short sports or long bishop sleeves. Barbara Pattern Bell No. 1850-- both blouses Is available In list. 14, 18, 18, 20; 40 and 42. Cor responding bust measurements 32, 84, SO, 88, 40 and 42. The top blouse h requires 174 yards of 35 or material for size 18 (34), and blouse (B) requires 1 yards or 274 yards with long sleeves, size 16 (34). The Barbara Bell Pattern Book featuring Spring designs I ready. Send fifteen cents today for your 39-lnc- - copy. Send . . . FROM OGDEN OR SALT LAKE CITY ride in an ditioned coach oo our fastest trains across Great Salt Lake and over the High Sierra. Coffee 51, milk 5f, sandwiches lty; also low cost dining car meals. your order to The Sewing Circle Pattern Dept., 149 New Montgomery Ave., Sap Francisco, Calif. 0 Bell Syndicate. WXU Service. Loud-Speakin- air-co- o Bombing' g British airplanes were successful warnrecently in using ings Instead of bombs to subdue rebel tribe 1ft Africa and Kurdistan. Flying 4.IXH) feet high, the announcers in these machines made entire villages surrender by threats Issued In thunderous tones, their voices being amplified 1.G00.0U0 times. loud-speak- Southern Pacific or This story For farther details see writ D. R. OWEN, General Agent. 41 So. Mala St, Salt Lake City lARROWERANlIPiCKtES interest will many Men and Women NOT long ago low In I waa like some friends I out of spirits... sorts. . .tired easily and looked terrible, I knew ... I had no serious organic trouble so I reasoned sensibly ... as my experience has since proven... that work, worry, colds and whatnot had just worn me down. The confidence mother bos always had In SAS. Tonic.. .which is still her stand-b- y when n. . .convinced me I ought to he feels try this Treatment... I started a course... the color began to come back to my skin... I felt better. ..I no longer tired easily and soon I were back to felt that those fighting strength. ..It Is great to fed strong again and like my old self. guLCa nm-dow- ed "Yum, I have com back to wharm I fotf ilka myself again." ... east-boun- BOULDER MARKING THE SITE OF ASTORIA The inscription reads: "Site of Original Settlement of Astoria. Erection of a fort was begun April 12, 1811, by the thirty-thremembers of the Astor party who tailed around Cape Horn in the ship Tonquin and established here the famous poet which was the first American settlement west of the Rocky Mountains. Placed by Astoria chapter, D. A. R October 6. 1924." YOU NEED MORE DO PEP? SALT LAKE'S NEWEST HOSTELRY e Follow the advict of llr. W. S. Bui low of 222 West 11a St., Oaden, After Utah, who said: aa i linns I wu in a condition. weakened I waa thin and did not fur-tradin- g (he British rivals In trading with i he Alaska Indians. Despite McKay's warnings shout letting too muny Indians aboard at one tlnip. Thorn persisted la this One day the dangerous practice. Irascible captain heennie angered at the Indiuns and struck one of their chiefs. The next day liie red uien came swnrnilng on the ship again, ostensibly to trade, but In reulily to avenge the Insult to their leader. There was a sudden attack and Thorn and McKay were killed at the first onslaught. A few mnnuged to beat off the savages and took refuge below decks. The next morning the Indians came hack to plunder the whip. Suddenly there was a loud explosion and the sea was coverts! with fragments of the whip and parts of human bodies both red and white. The crew of the Tonquin bad sold their lives dearly. sut-vlvo- f terminated at the line of the Rock-le- a "The Aetoria venture might have fumiehed material for a splendid national saga. Aa matters fell out, the beet we can eay for it le that it dramatized Oregon for our people, fixing in ths memories of a busy generation the fact that our flag had flown on the Pacific coast After the War of 1812 ended, the ownership of the Iaclfle Northwest was a subject for heuted controversy between England and AmerA treaty signed In 1813 proica. vided for Joint occupation for a period of ten years. In 1840, ns a result of the cry of or Fight!" another treaty was made which established the clulmnf the Uni led States to tlie Columbia river region snd the American flag once inure floated over Astorln, never to he lowered again aeem to have V any trength. I had no appetite and felt (merally Dr. Pierce's miserable. Golden Med Ini Discovery pot me on my feet again. 1 had a good appetite and gained Buy aowl weight and nrenith. CLASSIFIED ADS Velvet MoveFree sample Xo purgative cathartics, e highty-laxatlvA body anl herbs, griping. energy building food eontainlng all vita-min- e amt mineral Quirk 'velvet" result Xalnro Com IH4 Gardner. Hollywood. Calif. Const I ment" patpdf Food-Lax. 54-4- 0 C Western Xroseapi-- r L'nlas. Oar lobby Is delightfully air cooled daring the muniner maths IMte for ffrary Rmom Jt MO flafbo HAI.ES AGENTS. Men or women to take l.ibtrsl commisorders for lieh fur Int. HON. fio-ne-rr sion. Writs KIIHIX KIPI-KKbh Dealer. Sent lie. Wash. I Beghdor Nam! Clana organising genealoglee of ant Tea L'tlebralo your name fay Dale. Igformalloa Sic. Vera Uaa Shively, ftartlog Qnaeo Grand leu lee. Wash. HOTEL Temple Square Raima $1.50 to $3.00 The Hotel Temple Hquar has a highly desirable, friendly a I twee phrvu. Tots will always find It imnae-ulet- e, supremely comfortable, and thoroughly agreeable. You con there. Coro understand why this hotel lot IIICIILY HECOM MENDED Yaw enn also appreciate why I fa a mark mi Ulttimctlmm tm it mo mt thi brnmaiilal hostelry ERNEST C ROSSITER. Mgr. |