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Show 5?riale Order D pfirtoexrb University of Utah '84112 City . j; 1 iff Jltfrmnuntatn (Eommmial 2Umrfc VOLUME 17, NUMBER 289. SALT LAKE CITY. UTAH The Working Women in Utah Jake Gam Announces Candidacy by Marjorie A. BHUngs Research Associate Today I announce my candidacy for the United States Senate. Let me begin by expressing appreciation ... to Senator Bennett who has served so long and so well in the seat for which i run, to those who have supported me during my years of public service, to the people of Salt Lake City who elected me as Mayor two years ago, and to Utahn's throughout the state whose current support and encouragement has carried me to this platform of today. My reason for as long as I have to formally waiting declare my candidacy has been my desire to have the input and feelings of people throughout our state. I was unwilling to make a final and formal decision until I had taken my own personal soundings in all parts of the state. Having done so, and having received encouragement and support in equal measure with that which I had already received in Salt Lake City, I now become an announced candidate. There are some very definite reasons why I have decided to run. I run for the United States Senate because I' feel a deep concern in our a deep concern regarding state what is happening to this country and to its institutions. I run because I have spent six years administering the laws enacted by Congress and because I see improvements that need to be made . . . improvements that must be made by the makers of- our laws. . . by the Senate to which I now aspire. run because J think I am old enough and experienced enough to do the job and yet young enough and energetic ... special groups . . . Because I believe we are tired of politicians controlled by special interests and large money contributors . . . Because I believe Utah will elect a candidate who is decisive, who is his own man and who is obligated only to the people of Utah. I run because I know Utah ... I understand the concerns and the needs of this state and I believe in my ability to work effectively for those needs in Washington. believe Utah wants a Senator who is a true product of Utah, but who has the national rapport and respect of his colleagues that is necessary to work effectively for those needs in the Senate. I feel that my Utah background and my national leadership in municipal organizations demonstrate that I possess both the Utah perspective and the national influence to get the right things done for Utah. I run because I have strong views on national and state issues . . . views that I believe are sound . . . views that I believe are shared by most Utahns. sincerely hope that the campaign ahead of us concerns itself with issues and with substance. Let me now turn to some of the issues which I blieve should become the heart o! , the Senatorial campaign . . the issues with which I will concern myself during this campaign. - "Women's Lib," "affirmative action," the Equal Rights Amendment these concerns and activities and many others have drawn attention to the "working woman." The limited focus of this article will be to present as many statistical facts as possible about the "female labor force" in Utah. In a subsequent report, a comprehensive analysis will be made comparing the present Utah experience with past decades in Utah and in the nation as a whole. This article contains only a short overview as background for the detailed Utah statistics presented. The phrase "labor force" is a term used to identify those people over 16 who either hold jobs or are looking for jobs. Most men are in the civilian labor force from the time they finish their formal schooling until they retire (with the exception of any years spent ' in military service) not so for many women. Although they may work countless hours a week keeping house or rearing children, they are not occupied in or seeking "market-work- " and are not considered part of the labor force. Recent literature, has explored the changing nature of the female labor force in the United States. In the year women gained the right to vote, 1920, only 123 percent of the women aged 16 years of age and over were in the labor ' force; but by 1970, 42 percent of all - d U.S. Asking FCC To n Split Media Twin Cities has WASHINGTON Department of The filed Justice with the Federal Communications Commission a petition to deny the license renewal applications of Midwest Inc., to operate stations WCCO(AM),. WCCO-Fand WCCO-Tin Minneapolis-S- t. Paul, Minnesota. Radio-Televisio- (ACCN) n, M V, The Minneapolis Star and Tribune Company, publisher of the only daily newspapers of general circulation in Minneapolis, owns 47 Midwest percent of Radio-Televisio- n. Northwest Publications, Inc., publisher of the only daily newspapers of general circulation in St. Paul, owns 26.5 percent, according to the petition Northwest Publications is a subsidiary of Ridder Publications, Inc. . women 16 years and over were in labor force. the Participation Rates the female labor force increased stadily rate participation since 1900 but an even more dramatic change has been taking place in the characteristics of the participation. Before World War II, women entered the labor force, if at all, when their formal education was ended, worked until they were married and then withdrew never to enter the labor force Not only has Lou chttifa NEW YORK Recent studies of consumer behavior reveal a growing public anger at Washington's failure to correct the fuel .shortage, inflation and recession threats. It's noted the White House and Congress are only now getting a hint of disgruntled voter pressure. That accounts for the grandsUnding moves by politicians. But business leaders know they will be the scapegoats. The recession is expected to run deeper and longer than the all's well promises by the White House and federal spokesmen. Most private enterprise experts say we are now heading recession. Most predict it will be like that of toward a full-fledg- and 1971. higher prices Spurting inflation will hurt many Americans for food, utility rates, etc., because added manufacturer costs are readily passed on to consumers, with government approval. The consumer behavior studies show that consumers are Jumpy. There have been violent scenes during the truckers' strike and fist fights among motorists lined up at gasoline service stations. Tempers are short. Business leaders are jittery. Statistics show that economic contractions in recent years have not run longer than 12 to 18 months. This means, if it holds true, that business should again be on its growth path in 1975 and 1976 a Presidential election year. But people in the banking field are worried that the Administration, is its effort to shorten the recession, will "pump" which has started. That suggests another the economy overheated inflation surge in 1975-71970 6. Credit managers don't like saying it but when asked agree that consumer spending cannot be counted to act as a cushion for the business downturn. Reasons: Personal income is hardly keeping pace with inflation, debt is high and thre is a move to reduce spending. Mr. R. H. Jones, who heads General Electric, says: "It certainly seems in the cards to expect that the first quarter and even the first half will see a sharp downturn in our consumer-oriente- d business volume. ; ; At lunch, the head of a major international bank said Congress is politically preoccupied with the profits of. oil companies rather than with ways to augment pretroleum supplies. "The honeymoon is over. Stocks of gasoline and imports of crude oil slowed substantially between the middle of December and end of January. It'll be tough on all motorists in the weeks and months ahead. And at higher prices." cant information is given not only V age groups, but by marital status oik' hours worked as well. This information is contained on computer tape and as Public Use Samples of Bask Records from the 1970 Census, and i:. based on answers from the two long form sample questionnaires used in the 1970 Census of Population am Housing. One sample questionnaire was drawn for every hundred household units in the state. again. During World War II, women responding to the manpower needs of their country left the homes of their husbands, fathers, and children to become "Rosie the Riveter" or to fill the new jobs the expanding war effort created. Since World War II, the percentage of women in the labor force by age groups has developed an M shaped curve rising abruptly during the years at the end of a woman's formal schooling, then falling during the child bearing years (roughly ages 25 to 34) and peaking again at the ages when there are no longer small children in the homes. The trend in the 1970's appears to be that of a less pronounced dip during the childbearing years. Changes in Working Patterns" There is also a great deal written about the factors responsible for these very real changes in the working patterns of the American woman. The forces at work were acting on both the supply ad the demand. The postwar period has witnessed a burgeoning demand in many of the traditionally female occupations elementary school teachers, and secretary stenographers, for example. This has been the supply side with inon coupled creases in the married women willing to work for a variety tf reasons: labor saving devices easing household demands, higher levels of educational attainment, changing attitudes, and a desire to raise the family's standard of living. Some writers feel that the increased job opportunities were by far the most important causal factor in these changes. Description of Data One of the outstanding authorities on the women's labor force, Juanita Kreps, has called for more detailed information about today's working woman particularly her marital old she is and whether she how status, has small children at home. The pub-- enough to do the work. I run because I believe in our representative system of government . . . and because I believe that I am representative of this state and of its people . . . because I believe that I am in the mainstream of Utah's thought . . . because I believe I would vote in the Senate the way most Utahn's would vote . . . and Because I believe that my priorities in Washington would be the priorities of this state and of its people. I run because I feel that we are disillusioned and dismayed by Watergate and by the corruption and dishonesty we see in so many levels of our government and by the political that surrounrhetoric and double-tal- k ds us on every side . . . and because I feel that my own greatest personal strength is candor and openness and a manner. plain, straight-forwarI run because I am obligated to no MONDAY, MARCH 18, 1974 lished data concerning the female labor force in Utah is relatively limited. What is available is presented in summary tables in this article as well as some material derived from the 1970 Fourth Count Sample Census. Supreme Court Decisions (See details page 17, 18 & 19; KfSI Find Patent f: Permanent Press Misused On - SAN FRANCISCO .A (UPI) federal judge has ruled Ihn. Koraton Co. of San Francisco has a valid patent for its permanent press garment process but that it has misused it to monopolize the market. U. S. District Judge Charles H. e Renfrew held in a decision, March 6, that Koratron's licensing arrangements violated anti-trulaws and ordered that the not to be enforced until was patent 111-pag- st the San Francisco-base- d company "demonstrates that these practices or similar ones are.no longer followed and that their effects in the market have been dissipated." He set April 26 for the pre-trihearing on the next phase of the al suit, which will deal with the issues "damages, possible justification of the tying arrangements and customer limitations and purge of of patent misuse." The judge said Koratron In addition to this data, the Bureau of "misused its patent by tying the use Economic and Business Research has of unpatented Koratron products to developed a series of tables which prethe granting of a license to use its sent more detailed information about the working woman in Utah. Signifi- patent." IRS Tells How to Determine Exemptions for Dependents Also, the person claiming the SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH - The ption must provide at least per cent Internal Revenue Service exem- today outlined rules on who may clain an ad-- , ditional tax exemption when more than' one person supports a dependent. Although several persons may share in paying for the support of a dependent, federal law permits only one qualified taxpayer to claim the extra exemption to reduce his or her taxes, Roland V. Wise, IRS District Director for Utah, noted. If a taxpayer does not pay more than half the support, he or shemust be part of a group of two or more than contribute half of the dependent's support, Mr. Wise said. Moreover, each member of the group must meet all requirements for claiming the exemption himself or herself except for per sonally contributing more than 50 per cent of the dependent's support. 10 of the dependent's support. "The taxpayers can decide among themselves who will claim the tax exemption," Mr. Wise said. "The others must then fill out a Form 2120, special declaration 'Multiple Support Declaration' stating that they will not claim the exemption. The person claiming the exemption must file these forms with his or her return," he said. Mr. Wise added that IRS Publication 501, "Your Exemptions and Exemptions for Dependents," has more information on multiple support arrangements and is available free from IRS offices. The order blank in the Form 1040 package can be used to get copies of Form 2120 and PubUcaton 601 conveniently by maik t |