Show News Review of Current Events the World Over World Court Adherence Proposal Sidetracked in tlie Senate — President’s Social Security Plan Arouses Storm of Discussion By EDWARD by Watrs W PICKARD Nanrapapw TYATIFICATION of tho world coort protocols received a setback when Senator Hiram Johnson California bitterly deRepublican such acnounced tion at a "back door entry" to the League of Nations and eenjite leaders rather than risk an Immediate vote dedefinite aclayed tion John-son'- s Senator attack came on the heels of 1 to message special the senate from Rooie-vel- t President who asked for early ratification of the protocols It was the most determined movement yet made to put the United States Into the court Johnson supported his opening aton the court by ottering four to the reservations embarrassing resolution of ratification: 1 Prohibit the court from enteron any taining jurisdiction question wholly or In part to inrelating ternal aftalra Z Permit recourse to the court only by agreement through general or special treaties between the parties In dispute 8 Prohibit the court and the league of nations from trying to assume jurisdiction on any question which depends upon or relates to the Monroe doctrine 4 Declare the United States by joining the court assumes no obligations Through Johnson's action these questions must be voted upon before a final vote can be reached ou the resolution of adherence has been Although the question sidetracked for a time It will be It Is said and brought up soon leadRobinson Democratic Senator er has stated that he was confident of ratification when the final test comes tack phase of testimony by the state In the trial of Bruno Richard Hauptmann with the murder of Col charged Charles Lindbergh's son has beEight handwriting experts gun called by the prosecution have completed their testimony each declaring that In his opinion the dour was author of the ransom notes and the state now moves on to the story of finding the tiny corpse la a shallow grave in N J the woods two months and twelve days after third THE on the night of kidnaping 193Z Following this the March story of how Hauptmann was captured last September through Identification of one of the gold certificates which made up the ransom will be told Obviously wearied by the lengthy technicalities of the handwriting experts the Jury had difficulty In Even the testimony following Ilauptmann admitted that be had not been listening to the experts Eight men who have qualified with the court as experts have declared that Hauptmann penned the enPhotographic ransom notes largements of the notes and of admitted writings nauptniann’s court and have been shown in the each peculiarity of each character has been carefully gone ovef Defense lawyers have fought each scrap of testimony bit by bib An attempt has been made to show that some one might haveIn forged an efHauptmann's handwriting fort to throw suspicion on him but this has been vigorously refuted by witnesses who have been firm in their assertions that only the prisoner could have been the author An attempt to forestall efforts of the defense to pin the crime on Isador Flsch furrier wljo tiled In Germany Is being mads by New Pink us Flsch officials Jersey brother of Isador his wife Czerna his sister Hannah and Flscb’s nurse Mlnne Stelngnltz have been brought from Germany to testify Plnkus has asserted his belief that his brother Is not guilty the will be returned to on March 1 a special of the League of Nations has decided The proposal will be submitted to Berlin at once OIs expecpposition to this proposal ted since the retch originally demanded the basin's return forma15 lly on or before February over arises Another difficulty France’s demand that Article 42 of the Versailles treaty establishing a demilitarized tone should be applied to the Saarland This would ban Nazi storm troops and Brown Shirts from the territory after Its return Compliance with this demand would be an admission from Germany that the Brown Shirts are and a organization this Berjii has long denied la computing h£r military strength Saar THE committee t Unlea Germany won aa overwhelming victory in the plebiscite held to determine the- wishes of the Inhabitants of the rich Saar basin as to tha future statue of that territory The complete vote as announced by the commission was: for return to for annexation Germany 477119 to France 2124 aDd to return to present status under League of Nations control 46313 Tbelr margin of victory exceeded the hopes of even the most optimistic Nazi leaders Opposition forces terrorized by of reprisals Immediately prepared to leave the Saar as soon as of departure foreign troops removes assurance of protection It has been estimated that more than 400 Jews left their homes within the first two days after the election some of them preparing to locate In Luxand others leaving for embourg Palestine Love of the fatherland won over to Hitler principles antipathy In The SaarInfluencing tbe voters landers In voting to return to relcb rule exchange tbelr personal and political liberties for the regimentation of a dictatorship with Its curb on the press free speech and individualism The plebiscite was conducted under the direction of Geoffrey Knox appointed president by the League of Nations to administer the aflfalra of the turbulent region while the vote was being taken of events which Repercussions will Immediately follow tbe Saar rote are awaited with uneasiness In world capitals A spokesman for tbe Italian government expressed hope that transfer of the territory to Germany would take place ImFears were also exmediately over the pressed that exuberance victorious vote would lead Nazi supporters to excesses elsewhere Signs of a renewal of Nazi activity In Austria are being watched closely by fear Italy THE most Innovation New Deal has proposed thus "social security plan” proPresident Roosevelt — has aronsed a storm of Admindiscussion far — the posed istration adherents greeted tbe scheme with wild enthusl asm while the opposition led by Sen ator Borah Idaho has voiced vigorous criticisms ££jN In business has been to persidetracked Immediate ac mit don on the congress hearings posed measure have already been started In the senate finance committee and tbe house ways and means committee has postponed consideration of the bonus bill to work on the security plan This Is being done at tbe President's behest The plan provides : unembut compulsory under a Insurance restricted to system workers and financed by a 8 per cent tax on pay rolls after Janu11)38 will 1 The government ary aid In bearing the administration costs and the treasury will handle the fund Ninety per cent of the pay roll tax la to be refunded to who contributed to state employers unemployment plana A maximum of $15 a week of compensation to beweeks four after tbe worker gin Job and to last for not more loses his than sixteen weeks la contemplated The second part of the plan provides for old age pensions The govwith the ernment Is to states and pay a maximum of $30 a month to persons over is also to national government The aid states In formulating a plan which for persons under will be financed Jointly by employer and employee through a pay roll handled be by tax the funds to the amount the federal government of pensions to be a percentage of with the employee's wage more receiving employees than $250 a month to be exempt from tbe plan The third section of the scheme provides for appropriations to give better facilities to caring for mothand crippled ers and dependent children and the fourth section would furnish larger appropriations for public health aid Investigation and research Cost of the entire program to the federal government will be next year and $200000000 In succeeding years The cost to the states sill be $75000000 next and $150000000 In succeeding year years Some Idea of the size of the plan may be gained from the report of the President’s cabinet for which said reserves !aftfcr pensions must be maintained some years at $13250000000 Flexible ployment GENERAL revision of air mall deprevent possible struction of commercial aviation has been recommended by tbe bureau of air mall of tbe Interstate Commerce commission An Investigation conducted by the bureau discloses that most of the routes are being operated at substantial losses and rate Increases were recommended on 19 routes Rates on one route would remain unchanged and 11 others would be decreased The proposed new Increases range up from nine centa per mile for poundage not to exceed 800 pounds while per mile the reductions ranged as high as 135 cents per mile losses of Operation were shitwn In tables submitted by the 81 existing operating and It was pointed ont companies that tbe industry would be endangered If the contractors were forced to continue operating at tremendous losses the most spectacular ONE of breaks in history was effected when four convicts In the San Quentin (Calif) state prison two guards slugged overpowered the warden unconscious kidnaped six hostages including four members of the state prison board and fled in a state owned automobile The felons were captured two hours later 64 miles from the prison after a running gun fight with prison One of the conguards and possea victs waa wounded aa were two of the hostages at Trouble has been expected San Quentin where some 6000 prisoners are boused In space designed Unrest bas been for only 8000 evident for some time especially to put since It became necessary more than one man In each celL Only 100 guards have been regularly employed of the NRA seems THE befinal fate to the President Re- up ports from the Capital say the National Industrial Recovery board successor to Gen Hugh Johnson who asserts NRA Is “as extinct as the dodo” has avoided a direct recommendation that the Institution be made permanent Since this was evidently done with the approval of the President the future of the Blue Eagle seems to be somewhat board clouded of which DonTbe ald Rlchberg la chairman pointed out three possible courses which the President can follow The first course would be to make NRA perUnmanent but In simplified form der this plan every Industry would have to go under a code fixing limits and hour and wage prohibTrade practice iting child labor provision would be entirely volunIn rare cases where tary price the government fixing is employed not the Industry would fix the price The second course would be to extend the NRA as It now stands Unless bat for a limited period of this kind Is enactlegislation ed the act will expire automatically on June 16 The third course would amend and extend the NRA Most members of the board It Is said prefer the "permanent" plan which wonld broaden the government's regulation of business No would the wage Industry escape and hour code Today many Industries among them the telephone and tobacco Industries telegraph are not under trade codes since these have not been able to agree on terms The present law permits the President to Impose a code only when an lndnatry refuses to submit voluntarily snch as in the case of the cotton garment Industry Observers are not at all sure the President wants a permanent code Several nncertalntlea have made It difficult for the President to decide one of which Is the statua of section 7a the collective bargaining clause TWO principals of the kidnap mob fell before the blazing guns of federal agents as the campaign outlaws against continued with unabated vigor Fred Barker and his Kate mother fell Barker defense of their in spectacular (Fla) hideout after a battle Ma Barker often called brains of the Bremer kidnaping died with a machine gun In her Her son fell pierced by 14 hand bullets Agents Immediately started a search for other members of the gang whom they believed to be hiding In Tampa the NUMBER of Important Issues await tbe League of Nations It convenes at Geneva on Ita fifFive major disteenth birthday putes will come before the body of which the Saar plebiscite Involving does It as the disposition of the future national allegiance of that rich territory has of course the Immediate Interest Other decisions which await ac tlon of tbe league Include: the dispute between Iraq and Persia over alleged border violations by the latter the border conflict between Italy and Ethiopia the Greek complaint that Greek minorities In Albania are being deprived of thelgguaraoteed rights and the1 extended war fu 'the Chaco Boreal between Bo livla and Paraguay A as "QUOTES COMMENTS ON CURRENT TOPICS BY NATIONAL CHARACTERS of President which tbelr government controls Is t losing its worth These men will a be criticised for that course natla developing Budget Starts very real contro urally enough by blind followers of runs Inflation plana Controoersy toTerYthewhich From nil of the signs now visible heart of the New Deal True this contro- and from the undercurrent of mumlike others versy bling that 1 hear It certainly la nearly all of the will not result In changing the Pres- made to appear that Mr Roosevelt ident’s plana bnt It seems to me to Is confronted with a necessity for be a matter which justifies considsome definite outline of his plans and an assurance eration even though the Roosevelt that he will adwill in the end must prevail here to those plana Without such Included In the budget was prothe situation assuredly Is that he vision for an appropriation of four will not havs tbe confidence of the billion dollars and as stated by tbe business structure It seems Ilone to be President "lo logical even to suppose that be cat supplied sum subject to allocation by tha gain the of business In Executive for giving expanding Its sctlvltlea thereby principally on tbe work to those unemployed workera unless he takes relief rolls" Beyond that there was a different tack than his pronounceno exposition of Its Intended uae ments thus far Indlcata At least nor bas there been any detailed such Is the conclusion of a vast restatement of the plan At number of thinking peopla mit there la a considerable body In halls the of opinion of congress I heard a visitor to Washington which Is saying In effect that Mr say the other day that ho would Roosevelt ought to define hla work like to ride air-He has not dona relief program Night planea "but tho so and the best Information I can confounded things Flying obtain la that no explanation may fly most of tbelr be expected In the near future he schedules at night" Intends to proceed aa he baa in the The Individual Is a man of groat past by developing a program piece- wealth and his time is of great meal and using the funds aa tbe oc- value Ho lnlsted he was sincere casion requires In his statement that ho wonld In the critical days of 1933 when much rather save time by flying If Mr Roosevelt took office I believe tho planes wers on daylight schedIt was generally conceded that the ule emergency was so serious aa to warThe statement aroused my carant delegation by congress of al- riosity to tho extent that I conductmost any power even remotely deed some Inquiry Into the situation sired by the President He need I found tho night schedules of tho that power during 1033 and 1034 sir lines to bo due to tho tact Now many members of tbe house that they are flxed by the Poet and senate believe that the time haa department If a lino desires arrived for congress to become more to carry mall It has to subject Itabout thd expenditure of self to tho dictates of Inquisitive "Big Jim" foltaxpayers money and to avoid the postmaster general His Farley lowing In blind trust however the office can and does say to an air President may direct While It la line that it will fly a ship leaving that congress will not be New York at 9 p m or else It does probable told how the President Intends to not get tho mall contract The reuse the money and while It la also sult Is that tho plane leaves New probable that the requested approYork at 9 p m or It leaves Chipriation of four billion dollars will cago or Washington or any other be rubber stamped the fact remains city on s time stated by the Post that at no time during the New Deal Office department has there been such a buzm of disfeel that such s Many pereons content In the President's own list policy Is taking undue advantage of Senator Byrnes of private Industry It Is true that who South Carolina the Democrat the Post Office department Is payhas been looked npon consistently ing for carrying tbe malls st a as Mr Roosevelt's spokesman on rate well above the rate It probably financial affairs In tbe senate has receives In postage on that malL Informed that body that It Is imposIt Is therefore a subsidy But this sible "to be more specific at this has for years maingovernment time" on the work relief program tained s policy of subsidizing new Senator Byrnes will go no further Industries Is reand that course He baa given no Interviews respectthe success attained for sponsible on bis own the matter ing thoughts the development of the transand apparently has elected to wait by of this country at bat nntll the President tosses him portation systems The President's special commisthe balL Nevertheless there are sion named to study the airplane some senators who think they detect Just a trace of concern in the problems of this country and to heard much attitude of this administration make recommendations and received much data and they are wondering testimony spokesman how long he will continue to re- showing that the airplane Industry In had placed States United the own his press energies this country In the number one Presentation of the budget was position In the sir among nations dlsIn to many quarters expected Tbe administration is deterclose the means If mined to control oil production Critics Chide by which the It cannot do so lden hoped to get The Oil by Executive goemployment der — and the SuIt ing again In private Industry Court of preme showed nothing tangible In this direction critics of the the United States has decreed It Consequently cannot do so lo that manner— administration who have had opporthere will be laws predicated upon tunity to apeak In the house and the Interstate commerce clause of Senate have begun to chide the adthe Constitution which will permit ministration on Its third experitbe executive branch of the government In three years Representative Snell of New York Republican ment to keep Its hand on the valve of ell wells leader In the bouse has called atPresident Roosevelt tention to the situation something apparently In this manner: The President tried was not mnch concerned over the out one plan In 1033 ha tried ont a Supreme court decision which Insecond plan In 1934 and now be la validated that part of the recovery trying a third experiment The first set giving the Chief Executive authority to allow or prohibit Intertwo were found to be all wet and state movement of oil as it decided It seems are conthe Republicans best The President appeared to vinced that the current effort has to questions feel In responding two strikes on It before It by gets news started They are predicting failure correspondents that tbe rebuff was only temporary He anfor It In every way except the success that la assured In getting rid nounced at that time s determination to control oil production In of money which the treasury Is borTheir conversations all one way or another to avoid what rowing as a criminal waste have the same theme song namely he describes that the country Is seeing activity of a greet natural resource but they are not predicting how Tbe oil case tbe Supreme court bad Its origin lo regulalong this action can contlnne until decided the nation goes broke tions and executive orders Issued Whether the business leaders who under what the administration bemet at White Sulphur Springs W lieved to be authority accorded by Va a month ago were right or the recovery act Those regulation In a use the of wrong aud orders proposing alprescribed quotas dole Instead of the more expensive lowed to be shipped from each of work relief plan or whether they the several producing states The were correct In any of tbe other recmotivating spirit was a desire to ommendations they made the truth avoid accumulation of a vast sur Is the administration has rejected plus of crude oil with' the conse without comment every single one until quent depressing of prices of the recommendations made by crude oil whs worth little or noth Mr Roosevelt made no Ing that group But like manyother prohlb mention In hla budget message or ltory laws and rules of conduct In his annual message to congress Individuals resent being told they of plana for balancing the budget could not do a certain thing and Im and this fact at last has sunk In mediately began to devise ways by Tbe result Is additional fear on the which It could be done — a charac part of many business leaders who teriHtlc that was developed to Its can see In $he future only Inflation fullest during the bootleg days of and economic chaos for the country national prohibition The oil that Privately I have heard many exas moved surreptitiously came to of be known as "hot oil' ” and that men Indicating pressions tbe conwealth are putting their money Into over the validity of the troversy that property — something tangible regulations and executive order conwill not dry np and blow away was called the "hot oil” sequently That Is always the refuge of Indi- cese viduals wbo fear that th currency & W efftarn Nawapapar Unloau Washington— Roosevelt’s GOVERNMENT OWNERSHIP PROBERT By U President Chesapeake and Ohio Lines Out i a Vie IS reasonable to calculate government ownership would cost every man woman and child In the United States minimum of 20 cents s day In taxes Railroads now pay In taxes local state and national almost $1000600 a day— In the high peak of prosperity they paid more The tax bill of tho railroads for 1934 wonld pa all the expenses of the United States IT from 1789 to 1814 government cov- of Washering the administrations ington Adams Jefferson and Madison The sum Is about the annual Interest on the present public debt From it millions go to local communities for maintenance of public schools per cent of all taxes paid by railroads goes to pay for free public educaThen tion $43000000 annually goes to build and maintain highways for some of the wildcat conn to run over and petltors destroy A remaining $126000000 goes for “general public purposes” which Includes e contribution to the expense of making waterways out of streams which nature made too thick to navigate and too thm to cultivate When the railroads stop paying these taxes as they will If the government owns them the taxpayers will begin Not a single community In the United Statee can escape the new tax burden There win ef course be an operating deficit deficit of as little as $360000000 s year would be a pleasant surprise and that’s another million dollars s A total additional tax burden day of 20 cents a day for everybody for the pleasure of owning the railroads would be s minimum prospect —The New Outlook) A RECOVERY FORECAST By EDWARD A FILENE Merchant and Economist is pledging with the Presiand there is undoubtedly BUSINESS dent a more widespread understanding that prosperity both for consumer and durable goods goods industries Industries depends basically upon the buying power of the masses There Is no telling however how far this promised will go and we cannot expect rapid imuntil business generally provement acts upon this new understanding Congress win arrange for nationwide unemployment Insurance thorsound business measures oughly and millions of Americana will begin to spend money which they have not dared to spend before satisfying their wants and Immediately busistimulating ness and providing more employ ment and more buying power On the other hand congress may more than undo all this good work by flirting with nnsound radical legislation particularly currency Inflation BUILDING CHARACTER By H Q CAMPBELL Bw York Educator OUR youth tody so weak IS that he will fall easily into crime delinguency if school is not nicely adjusted to bis tastes t Tf be to our Job Is to make him strong not cater to his weakness by putting him on s dlet'of educational milk toast Perseverance was and still Is I hope tbe motto that hangs In every classroom It most not be taken down and replaced In by defeatism the capabilities of chilmeasuring dren let ns not Jump at conclusions or make quick decisions Let ns not mistake laziness or willfulness for lack of ahllltjr By all means let us seek out Individual Interests and measure Individual abilities but at tbe same time let us not lose sight of the fact thnt throughout life things distasteful and things difficult must be faced and faced manfully BETTER TIMES AHEAD HARRIMAN By HENRY S Chamber of Commerce is much ground D THERE business conditions for in present With less unemployed than at the with farm Inof 1934 beginning more than In come $1000000000 1033 more than and $1600000000 in 1022 signs are hopeful MORE BUILDING NEEDED By JESSE H JONES R F C Chairman is needed to revive and what is al- WHAT most certain to come during the next 12 months Is a great amount of building There Ls a great backwater of that have been building projects held up during the last few years reached the Tbe dam has about point and tbe backwater breaking will be released In 1035 It canDot back held be any longer There Is plenty of capital avail able for It and tbe fear of using ls disappearing for that purpose It |