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Show 6D The Salt Lake Tribune, Tuesday, January 21, 1W6 THE INVESTORS ENCYCLOPEDIA Mall to The Salt Lake Tribune Box 7601.Tneck, NJ 07666 Enclosed is S Please send me. copies of The Investors Encyclopedia at S9.95 each. NAME. ADDRESS. CITY. ZIP. STATE. ease make heck or money order payable to The Associated Hress HI Engineers to Hear 1PP Presentations InstiThe Utah tute of Mining, Metallurgical and Petroleum. Engineers will hear about the technical and financial aspects of the Intermountain Power Project on Thursday. Section-America- n The meeting will be held at the Red Flame Restaurant in Bountiful beginDinning at 6 p m. with a social hour. ner and the IPP presentations will follow. Hut Exactly Why K Hard to Say Early 80s Were Tough on Firms, Says U. Review By Joe Rolando Tribune Staff Writer Economic decline, the new bankruptcy code and certain characteristics of a business, including its management, all have influenced the high business-failur- e rates in Utah and the Mountain West Region during the early 1980s. But in making that assessment, the latest Utah Economic and Business Review prepared by Holly S. South-wica research assistant, added it is not clear what specific factors actually caused the high failure rates, especially between different states and the regions of the United States. The review said additional research is needed to determine if such specific factors exist. The review, published by the Graduate School of Business Bureau of Economic and Business Research at the University of Utah, noted that between 1978 and 1984, Utah and the United States reached their peaks in the number of business bankruptcy filings in 1982, with 1,045 and 68,477, respectively. The Mountain West Region reached its peak in 1984 with 6,558 filings. The review said Utah, the Mountain West Region and the United States each experienced their highest number of business failures in 1983. Utah recorded 338 failures, the Moun tain West Region 3,113 and the United States 31,333 Favorable economic conditions promoted moderate business growth and a relatively low level of business failure in the United States between the late 1960s and early 1970, the review noted. But with the economic downturn of the early 1980s, many companies could not adjust to the weakened economy and the demands associated with prolonged inflation and high interest rates, it added. The nation's bankruptcy and business failure rates bear that out. Bankruptcies reached a high in 1982 with 68,477 filings and business failures reached a high in 1983 with 31,333 failures. The review, quoting from The Handbook of Cyclical Indicators, published by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis, show that unemployment nationwide reached a high in 1982 with an average annual rate of 9.7 percent. Utahs unemployment reached a high in 1983 with an average annual rate of 9.2 percent. According to the review, new incorporations in the U.S. between 1978 and 1979 grew 9 8 percent. But the review noted there is no basis to theo rize that the increase in new incorporations caused the high bankruptcy and business failures between 1980 and 1983. Utahs new business incorporations averaged only a modest 0.1 percent per year increase between The states peak was in 1983 when it had 4,074 new business incorporations, an 116 percent increase over the 1982 low of 3,649. Concerning the effect on bankruptcies by the Bankruptcy Reform Act of 1978, which went into effect in Oct. 1979, the review noted business bankruptcy petition filings in the U.S. declined 75 4 percent from 27,867 in 1978 to 6,857 in 1979. But the bankruptcy filings in 1980 dramatically increased by 531.7 percent to 43,313. 1978-198- d 20 The review said a majority of business failures also tend to involve small-scal- e operations with less than Suit Sale 500 Quality Suits to be sold by Feb. 15th "Mountain Region statistics showed a similar trend in filings; however, Utahs data did not show the sharp 1979 drop," said the review. It appears that U.S. and Mountain Region bankruptcy filers were considering changes in the Bankruptcy Code in making bankruptcy decisions, while the Utah filers did not seem to be as influenced by the changes the new law offered. Concerning the company-relatefactors contributing to business fail employees and sales of $100,000 or less a year. Most of the causes of business failure can be attributed to managerial weakness, the review quoted a Dun it Bradstreet study as saying. Other causes the study mentioned in order of significance are neglect, disaster and fraud. Managerial weakness includes the failure to anticipate and adjust to economic recessions and unfavorable industry trends. ure, the review said the number of years a business has been operating tends to significantly affect its likelihood for success or failure. It quoted a study by Dun & Bradstreet showing that few companies fail in the first year but that risk increases significantly for the second year and reaches a peak in the third year. SAVE Our Best: $75.00 to $150.00 Hickey Freeman Cricketeer Jack now Frost (1 & 2 Pant) J Ishizu Daks Hardy Aimes Oleg Cassini 129..499 UtabUfolenmis Phoenix FINE CLOTHING KM MEN 1 WOMEN 59 West South Temple Yupsrp. 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