Show l. 1 V v Y r 1 R Ri f f J v 4 i I.- I. y fc I i f. f J t lf I r Turkeys Turkey's f Failing ailin N Struggle Simple St le t to M Maintain i i i Her Place Puce Among Am ng the Earths Earth's Nations N Turkey js Jis' gradually disappearing ing ingoff off off the the- map of Europe Inch by inch foot by foot by-foot foot mile by mile province provin by province the once proud empire of the Ottomans is shrinking into itself Well may the trembling man of the Yildiz Kiosk fear for his The day may come when wh n he and the proud domain which one threatened all Europe will finally crumble to dust r A Y J N Turkey has set for Itself ji a phean to task task to remain remain in in ope Em-ope Europe as asan asan an independent power power Td day To-day springs up on every very hand Bulgaria Bul- Bul ul garia gada is Is' s' s itching for war Macedonia is already inflamed with r rebellion Ser Servia Servia Ser Ser- vi via and Montenegro only only await awai the word to join in The much-massacred much Armenians Armenians are are for fora a a chance to avenge the thousands of their kindred kindred kindred kin kin- kin kin- dred who wh have already been butchered butch butch ered f. f Greece Roumania would doubtless doubtless I join in in both both have old sc scores res to settle t e. e With Russia and Austria at on one once e mixed mIxed mIx mIx- ed up in the the fray Italy Fran France e and Germany might see their way lear clear to o ot t take k hand a far awn England England England Eng Eng- land once fr friendly to the join issue j i Turkey rU I y C a. a c ta Europe It It is really m more re mil than Occidental Occidental Yet it it ith h holds many of the keys k ys Eur Europe pe Russia finds itself blocked fora for a free passage to the theM M frontiers are arem m much much ch harassed harassed The The little little European Y W uN SLACK SEA T- T K SEA Es e kingdoms resent resent the Sultans Sultan's Sultans Sultan's domineering domi domi domineering ways r To the the average av rage European European the Balk Bal Bal- Bal Bal- k esti mis is the gra gravest est of all ap 1 political problems which are continually con continually con con- on- on tim ally b besetting Europe and is its closely gathered monarchies The rhe exp expulsion of the the Turk has been jn mind to them ever since 1356 when when hen th the Ottoman forc forces s first crossed crossed the Dardanelles from Asia Minor l At that time Europe was easy fo for a solidified enemy It was vas split up into Into many turbulent and contentious contenti us stat states s. s S Servia vas was conquered in 1389 In another year Bulgaria was the Turkish dominions and in 1396 1396 Greece ts overrun and put to the th the sword Only a I. I remnant of the once once nc great Byzantine empire empire- remained held out out- for more than than half a a century against the Ottoman horde but but in 1453 Constantinople Co capitulated ej ed fl l and n with with- it fell t the last of the th gr great t empire which had lasted nearly 3 year y s. s the ithe Magnificent and tl- tl the La LawGiver Giver gr greatly greatly greatly- exten extended fled the of during his splendid reign aged Hungary to his his em em- and prie ind trove the Knights K o ot of Sir SirJo Jo Joli Jonh lin tr from ID tb the island of Rhod a. a Iti It i ii d looked as if the Turk would w uld finally have all Europe at his feet IIi Iri 1529 he Ottoman army laid siege to Vienna This failed But all the While the Turks were extending their domain Solyman died i in 15 1566 6 after a reign 0 of f six forty years years The year 1682 marked the Turks Turk's high tide in Europe Then came came the the beginning ning of the end which is is' not even yet A great army set put out from Turkey tp to subdue all Austria A a. a it laid siege to Vienna again in 1683 The campaign campaign cam cam- resulted in dire disaster This victory of the cross over the the crescent crescent began the tle steady decline which which- is still going on to-day to and now there are those who pr predict dict that the century century- will see the end end of Ottoman rule in Europe One by one one th the kingdoms doms wrested l gEA jr a. a AN Arns their freedom from the grasping Turk Austria threw off of the yoke Hungary Hungary Hungary Hun Hun- gary cama next Russia tool took to l- l la a slice Greece gained in in- of of territory away away- dependence Servia became self- self governing Other subservient provinces provinces provo inces gained autonomy Now comes the final struggle of all rebellion all Rebellion within Turkey itself Turkey Turley doesn't propose to give up I without i a fi fifth h There are no noY now 2400 2 men unc under and er arms This great army can be increased increased almost up up to the limit of the men able to bear arms within t the e e length and breadth of the theT T Turkish empire in incase inca ca case e of a serious war war l might be difficult if the last time the Turk Turk- called his men meri t together is to be be any called any criterion cri terion tenon Neve Nevertheless th les to day the available strength of the Terrible Turk shows a t total of more than officers and men an and 1512 guns The rhe Turkish male maler population proper for recruiting p r- r poses is about bout that number number- includes males of all ages from childhood childhood child child- hood o d up ud except th the the- Arabs Arabs- Arabs Arabs' of f Y Yemen w Ue T. T wL o CY uRK Q 7 SEA A Syria and and and Tripoli who vho are are m more re or orless orless orless less nomadic and nd not at amenable tb to military military mili mili- tary service Cou Counting ting one out out- of every four the total of all Available military material from the age of 17 t to 54 is l The yearly recruiting re contingent is according t to reg regulation n between between 65 and men which gives gives gives' on on paper front from up up to to to tod day to-day day y twenty twenty- five contingents or or a a total of 1750 OPO men having military instruction This figure supposes supposes that every 70 70 m men n ente nt er the tl e army each Ol one e fit for servi service no wi ri i losses ss s f or disease Ifil reality the number r recruited cruit d each fi y year year r according to the official reports not is not is' more than from to men the other com corn d O being exempted ex exempted or found fo nd unfit lUt ry service The greatest number of f. f troops for European service would comprise Nii Nizam m battalions battalions' patt lions lions' men 69 Nizam cavalry squadrons men field batteries guns RediC infantry battalions men 4 48 cavalry squadrons 2400 men arid and battalions ns 22 rifles making in all men as 3 j the utmost ut fighting strength strength of the Turkish army in in Europe at present J The Turkish army at the figure of or 4 men regulars and irregulars c comprising the greatest number available available avail avail- 1 able for a European war would demand demand demand de de- 3 mand for transport and all other departmental departmental departmental de de- services from about 90 to pack animals necessitating necessitating j 3 tating about men drivers guards etc The practical fighting strength of the army would therefore fall to the the- figure of men including the the- garrison at Constantin Constantinople This estimate estimate- of 90 1 O to pack animals is below the regulation figure as in in case of w war r twenty seven infantry infantry- divisions are computed for European service each division to have as shown above pack animals animals ani ani- mals bringing the total to pack animals which would make a Fi 1 A v PJ G CRY v tr s 61 w o r n op a SLA y ya a moving column of two abreast extending extending extending extend extend- ing for miles Of the O officers in the official of of official report only have military mil tary school instruction The rest comeby comeby come come- by promotion from rom the ranks ranks- without having passed any examinations or received received re re- d any higher military tion The soldier of the rank and file has has- only the simple exercise drill He is excellent excellent in endurance and has few equals in defensive positions positions- on the the- offensive he is good in the mass he has little initiative and nd but slight self help In small batches he lie quickly l loses ses the the sens sense sense-of of discipline and be becomes becomes becomes comes comes a a Bashi the the- l laughingstock laughing laughingstock stock of Europe In the Turkish army such things as as- field field exercises exercises exercises- or manoeuvres manoeuvres are un un- known Therefore scouting and outpost outpost outpost out out- post service service is almost non existent and arid the officers especially in the higher higher high high- er err er- staffs staffs' have no practice in handling handling- troops in iI the field The Th Nizam are armed with Mauler Mauser repeating rifles The partly with Mauser Maus r. r and Martini The llave nearly en en- 1 R RN N 2 O ROU SEA qz l' l M lY with ith Martini Henry some of ot wh used sed in inthe the th war of 1878 The artillery material are are Krupps Krupp's G German patt pattern rn In regard to ammu ammunition ammunition i. i tion there are supposed s a to to be all all- counted a about out rounds per rifle rifle- and nd shots shot pe per gun A |