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Show Page SATURDAY, JANUARY THE JOURNAL 2 CHINA: WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS Truman Rejects Hoovers Demand for Foreign Policy; Atlantic Pact Nations Pledge European Army of 750,009 Herbert Hoover demanded a new foreign policy for the United States n In a major speech. He urged the U.S. to concentrate on holding the Atlantic and Pacific oceans with the island outposts of Britain, Japan, Formosa and He then warned the Philippines. against sending more men and money to Europe. The former presidents speech created a buzz of controversy in Washington. Democratic officials called it rank isolationism and even some top G.O.P. policy makers, including Sen. Robert Taft of Ohio, did not agree in all respects with Mr. Hoover. This is how Mr. Hoover saw the situation: It is clear continental Europe has not in three years of our aid developed a unity of purpose and that will power necessary for its own defense. It is clear that our British friends are flirting with ment of Communist China. It is clear that the U.N. is in a fog of debate and indecision on whether to appease or not to appease. He then went on to outline his seven principles and action for American policy: 1. Preserve this western hemiGibraltar. sphere 2. Hold the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, seeking the cooperation of Great Britain. 3. Arm our air and naval forces to the teeth, free Japan and help her rearm, and stiffen the defenses of Formosa and the Philippines. 4. Reduce other expenses, balance the budget, and roll back inflation. 5. Aid other nations that show spirit and strength in defending themselves against the Communists. 6. No appeasement anywhere, no more Tehrans and Yaltas. 7. Watchful waiting in .Europe pending its own development of to resist agunity and will gression. Much of the criticism against Mr. Hoovers proposals centered around the belief that the Pacific and Atlantic oceans can be made a defense line. Some critics pointed out that failure to continue aid to our friends and allies would isolate us and eventually we would find ourselves without any friends in the world. President Truman issued a statement shortly after Hoovers speech which amounted to a firm rejection of the former presidents demand that troops and money be withheld from Europe. The President said the Atlantic pact nations had shown they mean business about setting up a common defense and asserted the protection of western Europe was vital to United States security. Let there be no mistake, Truman said. The unity of the nations of western Europe and the North Atlantic area is vital to their security and ours. He then announced that soldiers inof pact nations presumably S. U. will trainbe troops cluding ing together within the next few weeks. radio-televisio- CIVIL DEFENSE House Votes Plan to The house voted 247 to 1 a plan that would cost an More than estimated $3,100,000. would amount of two thirds the total go for bomb shelters, with the federal government paying half of their cost and local and state governments putting up the rest. The plan was sent to the senate and quick approval was expected. A somewhat similar program had been approved unanimously by the committee. senates armed-service- s One member of the congressional atomic committee, said it was escivil defense timated that first-rat- e 12 minutes advance measures, plus warning of possible attack, might reduce casualties in an atomic at- civil-defen- se (EDITOR'S NOTE: When opinions are expressed in ihese columns, they are those of Western Newspaper Unions news analysts and not necessarily of this newspaper.) Here is another view of a section of the city corridor through which the first marines fought their way to the Ilamhung beach head. Weary leathernecks used every pause to catch a nap, even on the frozen ground. Over 11,000 of them were killed or wounded. CHRISTMAS: EUROPE: A False Gaiety The world that part which still celebrates the Birth of Christ Army of 750,000 The 12 Atlantic pact nations themselves to try to match pledged went all-ofor Christmas 1950, Americas partial war mobilization. but it was a false gaiety. Those They pledged themselves to build parts of the world where there was an unprecedented international no strife could not forget that men peacetime of 750,000 men to army still died believing in the dignity stop Communist aggrescion. This of man and the principle of freeis the army that General Eisenhowdom. er will command. But people tried to make it a The council concluded its two-da- y merry Christmas in many lands. conference in Brussels with In the United States department the issuance of a formal communistores recorded near record sales. que which included: Frenchmen, even while many of 1. Establishment of an integrated them feared it might be the last force under centralized control and Christmas before World War III, comsent sales records to new heights in command. This force to be of contingents contributed by posed the stores, buying for feasting and the participating governments. giving which would hide from their 2. An order to United States, children the frayed nerves of their Great Britain and France to start elders. with the Germans to negotiations Britain, too, was determined to persuade them to agree to coopput the best face on matters and erate witl the west in limited reenjoy the holiday. armament. Brussels set the tone for Bel3. Creation of a new defense progium. The city was gaily festooned duction board charged with exfor the holiday, the mood of worand panding accelerating rearmary successfully hidden and the celewill it ment; supersede the Atlanbration testifying to Belgiums retic powers old military production newed economic strength. West Germany tried to forget and supply board. It will be many months however that she was the object of a tug before General Eisenhower will of war between Communism and have anything more than a token force. But observers agreed that In East Germany there was no at last the western powers have observance. There were no displays gotten down to the serious business in the stores and no decorations of building a defense against comanywhere except for a few forlorn munism. wreaths here and there, hung up by the less timid householders PROFITS TAX: That was the world on Christmas day divided into two parts, one Senate Votes Measure trying to be happy with a false The senate passed an excess-profit- s gaiety, the other grim and fore tax bill with surprising boding. The bill was designed to speed. drain $3.2 billion from corporations this year and even more when the pace of defense spending quickened. Build The house had previously aptack by as much as 50 per cent proved an excess-profit- s bill, alFor this reason an adequate defense though it differed in many respects was imperative. from the one the senate passed. Under the house bill, the Some kind of the profits tax was agency would have powers marked a must on the administo train workers, co- trations legislations program for ordinate federal and state the lame duck session of congress. with and work A number of congressmen beactivities, the states in building shelters. lieved the speed with which the Emergency provisions, which senate acted was an indication that could be brought into effect only a compromise bill would be on the by a special presidential proclamaPresidents desk within a short tion, would give the agency almost time. unrestricted authority to seize propThe billions of dollars that the in and with new revenue measure was expecterty dealing equipment an attack. ed to raise, however, represented e The plan would also only a small part that would be make funds available to aid strick- needed if the defense budget was to en areas. be put on a basis. ut Shelters cbvil-defen- civil-defens- e civil-defens- e se civil-defens- pay-as-we-- Refuses to Negotiate If the world held any hopes that the Chinese would talk peace in Korea, they were killed when Chinas Foreign Minister Chou En-lsaid they would not negotiate with the United Nations Korean-truc- e team. Chou then went on to name his price for peace in Korea. 1. Removal of the United States seventh fleet from Formosan waters. 2. Withdrawal of foreign troops from Korea. 3. A seat in the United Nations for Communist China. Thus ended any hopes that the Chinese Communists would dicker with the three-ma- n truce committee set up by the General Assembly to in try to bring about a cease-fir- e Korea. Peiping did not even bother to transmit a copy of its blast to Lake Success, seemingly content to let its radio demands remain the last word. The Chinese statement contained the usual propaganda lines, namely, that the war in Korea was caused by American aggression. Meanwhile, a warning to China by Malcolm MacDonald, Britains commissioner-genera- l for southeast Asia, that they are heading for disaster caused a stir of comment throughout the east. MacDonald said in part: . . . . Should the Chinese government stay hostile to the western nations, oppose the Asian powers who strive for eastern and western and defy the United Nations, then we could only adapt our attitude accordingly. Observers were quick to point' out that such a statement would not have been made unless previously approved by London. It would seem a blunt warning to Peiping that Britain is getting fed up. For this reason many observers believed it was the first indication of h a policy by the British. Such a policy would greatly strengthen the position of the United States. 13, 193 Heads Agency ai get-toug- RUSSIA: Race of Sea Power The Soviet Union has entered the race of sea power. Janes Fighting Ships, the authoritative yearbook on the navies of the world, reported the Russians put into service last June a 35,000 to 37,000 ton battle- E. Wilson, former of General Electric president company, poses for cameramen as he took over his duties as head of the Defense Production Authority which has authority similar to the powers Charles vested in the war production board In World War II. EISENHOWER: Concerted Effort Needed Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower, supreme commander of the Atlantic pact armies, urged Americans to settle down to a concerted effort to meet the emergency confronting this country and stop partisan squabbling over the nations leadership. In his first formal press conference as supreme commander, he asked for no more business as usual, no more profits as usual, no more working hours as usual. Observers were interested in the generals view on including German troops in the new western European army. He said he wanted his former foes included but emphasized his belief that the Germans should make their military contributions only on a voluntary basis to be a really effective combat organization. In accepting anything like that, he said, we must be sure we are getting strength and no weakness. Of one thing Eisenhower was positive. The nations strength is so great that its people can do anything in the world they set out to do. The general announced later that his temporary headquarters in Europe would be in Paris. He is expected to leave the U. S. early in January. ship with towers for firing guided PRICES: missiles. Janes also reported that 350 to Living Cost Up 370 Russian submarines were beThe bureau of labor statistics an120 lieved already in service, with nounced the cost of living rose more building. of one per cent, another one-ha- lf e It is also believed, Janes said, hitting a new high between the that Russians are concenOctober J5 and November 15. The trating heavily on large destroyers, index reached 175.6 per cent of and that they may have as many the 1935-3- 9 average. That was 3.2 as 48 destroyers or ocean-goin- g cent per higher than the index of boats torpedo approaching destroy- last June, prior to the Korean er size in the far east, 36 in the fighting, and 4.2 per cent above a north and eight each in the Baltic year ago. and the Black Sea. The cost of living index deJanes stated that the chief trends termines whether wages go up or among the major naval powers in down in the automobile industry the last year were the reconstruc- and 85 other industries. tion and improvement of aircraft The bureau said retail food prices carriers, adaptation of big detwo tenths of a per cent. stroyers as submarine killers, and increased That was 2.4 per cent over June high speed submarines. and 4.3 per cent over a year ago, but still 3.4 per cent below the CASUALTIES: record high of July, 1948. The Price of War Wholesale prices registered a cent The horrible price of war was great increase, up 11.3 per 1.2 and 1950 of average brought home to the American above May Decemof level people with the announcement that per cent above the 11,964 United States troops were ber 5. listed as dead, wounded and missing from the time the Chinese Com-r- . RAIL UNIONS: unists attacked up to December Three-YePact Signed 12. With previous defense departThe railroads and four big unions ment figures, total American caspact setagreed to a three-yea- r ualties for the war exceeded 42,000. tling a long wage dispute. The The report said the Chinese Reds agreement raised wages of 300,000 had suffered approximately 120,000 engineers, firemen, conductors and casualties during the same period. trainmen, retroactive to last OctoThe defense departments last ber 1, and called for future adjustprevious total of casualties, whose ments as living costs fluctuated. next of kin had been notified, numOne railroad official estimated bered 36,421. These included 5,518 the agreement would cost $131,000,-00- 0 killed, 25,587 wounded a year. Sixteen unions still have and 5,316 Of the wounded 662 died wage disputes. missing. all-tim- ar later. Released bj WNU Features |