OCR Text |
Show SOME DISEASES OF THE HOG DUE OF WORST WEEDS Garbage Poisoning I One Trouble Sometlmts Mistaken for Cholera 8erum Often Blamed. Quack Grass Is Propagated by Steins and Seeds. (By H. P. HOPKINS, -- -- Farmers should study weeds; learn how they should Brow,.wfaen they mutate seed, whether they come from the seeds or from ropts each year, in what soil they thrive best, and many similar feature of weeds. Then the question of eradication would be more easily solved. A weed is most coin monly known when it is in flower or in fruit Very few persons know weeds when they first come up. Know the weeds at every stage and condition. Start with a few of the worst kind and gradually extend your When you know the weeds, learn the methods of eradication.. - Quack grass, which is one of the worst seed, during the latter pari of June- - and-- ; ripen" its pests,-flower- s - H- - eeds-'4n--July. r is t Assistant Veter-Universi- ty Farm, St Paul, Mtimr) Ninety per. cent, of the loeses from disease among hogs are due to cholera, but other diseases are often mis taken for it. This sometimes leads owners to blame serum because they have used it without benefit. Garbage poisoning Is one .Tr&uble sometimes mistaken for - cholera. - It results from feeding hotel and restaurant table refuse containing large quantities of soap. The soap causes severe Inflammation and it or other irritating subBtaiices produce symptoms much like those of cholera,W'orms cause troubles mistaken for cholera by multiplying in the lungs, causing Irritation, stopping the all passages and giving rise to ' a cough and pneumonia. The animal becomes unthrifty and loses flesh hut doeB not die quickly or show Che other cbarao teristic symptoms of true cholera. W'orms In the intestines cause dlar rhea, dullness and lack of thrift but their presence can usually he detected in thdropplngs;'CTiolerrTsnot;pre3. Thotir- - Smothering fcy Plowing and ough Bare Cultivation Is Best Means of Eradicating Pest Thrives In Rich Soil. - Insrtan, propagated-b- y efltlfthe6Klmal-doe-et-shew-t- h other symptoms. Including fever, redness of the skin and sudden death. When worms are present the appetite remains good. Lobs of appetite la usually an early symptom of cholera. Tuberculosis rarely rims a rapid course in hogs and should not be mistaken for cholera. It occurs most fro quently-amonhogs fed oh slaughter house refuse, creamery or other skim milk containing4, .tubercle bacilli, or those following cattle. If in doubt as to the presence, of cholera have a competent veterinarian examine one or more of the dead hogs, but do not expect serum to protect against any of these other diseases. Hogs entirely immune to cholera may die from one of these, other troubles. BIRDS DESTROY MANY WEEDS Quack Grass.. Showing the entire Many of Featherdfil Tribe Depend At most Exclusively on Weed 8eed Plant System, Both Above and Below tr Their Suetenance. the Ground. . underground sterna as well as seeds, and these stems are often scattered on the hoofs of horses or by machinery used In cultivation. The weed grows ih many kinds of soli,, but thrives best In rich soil. Its seeds occur in wheat, rye, barley, clover, and timothy and brome grass. Smothering by plowing and thorough bare culture is the best means of eradicating quack grass. The bes$ results will follow when the treatment la given in hot, dry weather after the root systems have been somewhat by the growth of plants. The eed should not be allowed to mature, however, or If mature, the grass should be cut and burned. Where field is badly infested. It should be plowed deeply from five to eight or more inches, as soon as the bay or, grain enp is removed.) The plow lug must be well done and all portions of the plants turned under A Jointer on the plow completely. wilaid in turning the grass under perfectly. The plow should be followed within a very few days by a dlo harrow, with discs set nearly straight to avoid Inverting the sod. The' purpose Is, to fill the spaces between the furrow slices, thus stopping Follow fng the Tree circulation the first discing the land should, he double disced frequently enough to prevent the appearance above the surface of any quack grass leaves. This will be twlce a week in warm, moist seasons and once a week when the weather- - is dryer.1 The " discing should be continued until growth . ceases, .. usually from six to eight weeks. The following spring cultivation should begin very early. Short crop rotations are useful In keeping quack grass under control, and, when- arranged so as to provide an opportunity to attack the quack grass at seasonable times, they will permit eradication of the weed without losing the use of the land. Weeds, ae well as Insects, are enemies of the farmer. Most Weeds are short-liveand depend for their continuance on a prolific seed production. There tea class Of birds that, In maturity, feeds almost exclusively on weed seeds, among which the grosbeaks, goldfinches, native spqrrows, quail and doves are the more Important Probably the. greediest birds, according to Mr. Pratt, are the native American tree sparrow and the chipping sparrow. Their cousins, the English sparrow, however, can by no means be included in the list, Rats, mice and snakes are the prey of a numerous class, of birds, many of d seed-eatin- g -- . . - ' Friends of Farmer. SUITABLE FEED FOR CHICKS u M' t .: .. . i t 1; 1 1 i 7 t J j rf t - f $ . rk .. I i i, , - for Both. One farmers has given his boy the privilege of raising all he can in the - tree rows of a young rchardyA mighty good thing for the orchard and .Litll better for the bov. ' Good jtti cow wtsee milk below three per cent. If you wet your hands before milking, you flavor the milk. brush4s necessary for thor ough cleansing of strainers. Rinse all milk vessels with cold water before, scalding .them,, . For udder Inflammation or almllar troubles try camphorated oil. Dairy farming should be ihade the means of improving the- land. ' f If the sire is to count for of the herd he must be a good one. Fresh clean, grass, pure water and some grain la what the cows want, ' . - od -- - one-hal- now. ' -- It pays in more' ways than one to be friendly with the young dairy stock. 7 Too often the profits from the best cows go to defray the losses on the others. A good point in a dairy cow Is to have the milking habit well establ- ished. ' ' i : The large udder Is a good Indication but not' proof that a cow Is ' a good milker. 7 Good rich cream with a large per cent of butter fat will keep sweet the ... longest Care should be taken never to overRock Salt work- butter, br the " grain' will be Pock; salt is dangerous in the poul- spoiled. try "yard. ParUctas may be mistaken f Butter and cream may be hauled to 7 tbs hens for pieces of rock crystal, market at less expense than a ay other -tad. If B A' fatal, results. . farm crop. . ' s, ; ' : them--selve- f 1 . A poultry lecturer In Scotland some years ago In an address on the rearing and general management .of chickens, said on the subject of food, he would give a wrinkle worth its "weight In ' gold.'" A t 'th re e da j'B ol d the e ti ic kens are qualified to eat pretty nearly everything; but he warned them against the practice of feeding the chickens an soaked bread. They should-adopthe following plan: Fill a littlejlnen bag half full of rice,, put ;lt into water and let it boil five, minute They should then withdraw the bag and let the water drain away and they would find the rice whole and separated. A handful of oatmeal should be mixed with the rice and It would absorb &H "the moisture: This the chickens - should be allowed to pick up for but' they should not have too much. It - Prussia gave him the contract for her new breechThe. Khedive of Egypt followed this with a laige order for war material, and Russia followed with contracts for large quantities of new Austria-Hungar- j of-?5 in-h- er 9 . : , Alfred Krupp was born April 26 1812, and at the time of his fathers death Was only fourteen years old. His mother carried on the works until Alfred reached his majority, so that twice In the history of the works have they been managed by women. The present' head of the industry Bertha Krupp; the granddaughter of the woman who became its manager in 1826. The Krupps had so little money that Alfred, on his father's death, was compelled to leave school to assist his mother.' He displayed a phenomenal r aptitude for the foundry business, and the works developed with increasing rapidity after his Influence was- feli in-- , their management By 1848 the firm had expanded so that 122 workmen were : ' employed. " 7 V As late as 1848, the year In which his mother relinquished the sole management of the works Into his bands, he melted the family plate to pay his workmen. "Today thermlghty Industry fur-nishes enployment to a majority of the workmen of three cities and a dozen coal and Iron mining towns. The ships built from it, equipped with its steel, and arjiyd with Its cannon, are on all the seas, and wherever steel Is used the name of Krupp is known. The capital of the firm now Is about 360.000,000. It was In 1847 that. Krupp scored his first real musxle- success, when he made a of steel. cast loading gun At the great London exhibition of j 1851. he exhibited a solid flawless Ingot of cast steel weighing two tons, thus establishing the fact that an important firm exlstcdln Germany capable of turning out samples of excellent workmanship. The, Essen works were- every-'- , where spoken of, and the output watehed with the closest interest. Theinanufacture of weldless sUet tires was another ln-- " vention which lollowed soon .after N The making of heavy ordnance, which has made the name of these works famous the world over, was not then a prominent part of the business. One of the first large orders hegot for firearms came four years after the London exhibition, when - . three-pound- - - . Rus-sla.a- y, -nder achieved. It was In 1810 that Friedrich Krupp purchased a' small forge in Essen, where he devoted himself to .the problem of manufacturing cast steel, but thoughjthe article was put on the market by him In 1815 it commanded but little sale, and he firm was anything but prosperous. He employed only threeworkmea 7 weapons. While the Essen works were designed for general foundry work, the output for many years has consisted almost entirely of heavy guns; but it was not until 1846, 20 years after his father's death and 36 years after the founding of the firm, that Alfred Krupp began gunmaking. His first As be be-, results were pieces of small caliber. came Interested In the science, and as his dis in wteel tasting developed, 'theBize Ind TJoiKjfTriwir weight of the cannon he was able to construct Essen Is a city now of 150,000 population, and increased steadily until these war monsters, which It owes Us existence as a city to the Krupp works.-Bu- t have become became common octhere. Is hardly a city In the world which Is currences in the Essen works. governed more in the communistic spirit than The Krupp field gun is the basis of the mobile this. It Is one of the very earliest places In which cooperative stores were established. They artillery of Germany, Italy, theadmlnlstratlon have been In existence there for over 50 years. Turkey. Friedrich A Krupp, Essen turned out the great ' "Bertha Krupp," says one writer, may he the pieces which guard Germanys fortresses and ate queen of Essen, but her workmen conduct their ' " mounted coast defenses. Krupp answered own affairs without molestation. She limits her Krupp from the emplacements of Port Arthur interference to gifts of money, by which Institutions of mutual good to 1 the workmen may be against the siege batteries of Japan. Andslde ' by side with the Instruments of war Essen' placed established. a thousand and one. steel product!. Illustrating From the three men whom Friedrich Krupp Alfred Krupp'a first and chief maxim: "No good the 122 whom Alfred Krupp had In his employed, steel without good iron," used in today's, tools, ma. 20 years employ after he took charge, the force chinery, railroads, and ships. 7 worhing f? the Krupps had grown to 50.000 at Krupp ordaance has roared all over the world. . the death of Friedrich A. Krupp in 1902. The Some of the guns that fired at Dewey's squadron 7 establishment now comprises 60,000 workmen and at Manila came from Essen. The siege guns used 6,750 engineers and clerks. ' in the war and in use , at the The works comprise five separate groups, the bombardment of Paris were from this factory, first of whlfb is the Essen Steel workB, with provand the Parisians terror of them was not dimiing grounds at Meppen, Tanger-Huttand Essen. nished by the memory .of. one of the Krupp masters, - This greupi includea Mllhofeher-Hutte- . the 'with ; which exhibited been had in thdr city in 7 Its four pieces blast Harman-Huttthe ftixnaces; with 1867. It weighed 15,000 kilograms, and made away . three blast Sayner-Hutte- ,' and furnaces, the with with $800 worth of powder and iron every time it coal and Iron mines. .7" was fired. After that war the Krupps refused to The second group the Friedrich-AlfreIron" "make cannon for France. In Rhelnhausen; the third, the Annen Steel wprks As the business grew collateral Industries were works;, the fourth, the Grusoii Machine works, at developed, and Essen, which had been a tiny e . " fifth, to a Inhabi-100,000 over 'tdwn"of lage,' expanded ' shipyards, at Kiel. tants, all dependent on the Krupp industries. Coal The Essen Steel works., alone mines, coke ovens. Iron mines, steamships, railcomprise some departments, covering an area of about" roads, and blast furnaces were boiight. Ip 1872 . elxty-od600 acres, and housing 7,200 machine Alfred Krupp owned 414 iron, ore diggings, and tools, 7 17 traln when .his son Friedrich died he owned over 500. hammers, 81 hydraulic presses. 397 steam boilers, and 569 steam more Upon Alfreds death, July 14, 1887, Friedrich A than 2,200 electric motors, and 900 engines, ' . Krupp became the head of the "establishment cranes. It Almost in the center of the Essen works stands ' has been said of him that he devoted. himself to the original Krupp factory and a the financial rather than the technical side of the family house, maintained intact, in accordance with the dlrec-tion- s .business, but In 1902, at the annual meeting in London of the Iron and Steel Institute, the Besseof Alfred Krupp. It bears this Inscription: mer gold medal for scientific research was award- "Fifty years ago this cottage was the home of ed t6 him. This is one of the highest honors. that my, parents. May none of our workmen have to can be paid to any man In the iron trade. It was go through the struggle which the building of given to him for his discoveries In the. manufacthese works has cost usl The success whichupnow ture of armor plater The son was thus following : ao splendidly has rewarded our faith, our anxiety, ; In the footsteps of his father. , , and our efforts, waa doubtful during twenty-fivBoth Alfred and Friedrich A Krupp declined .v7, long years. 7. tltleaOne waa offered to the father by King Let this example serve as an encouragement "William, afterward Emperor William L, in ,1864. to others in difflculUes. .May it Increase the re- and William's son, the present emperor, renewed spect for the many small houses and the great - the offer to Kruppa ton.- - Neither would acceptorrows which often dwell In them: At the time of his death he was hr far the riel Theebject of worlt mu8t be'mutuai;welfare 0L was called ."the. German. 78X " the work is blessed, then work Is May The imperial Income tax returns Morgan.1 from the highest to the lowest prayer. all, us. amongst showed In that the year before hla death be had r. work with the same earnestness to. found and a yearly Income of between 20,000,000 marka secure his own future success. .Thats my greatand 21.000.000 marks The aecond est wish. wealthiest man In the., empire had an Income of Essen', February, 1873, .Twenty-fivyeatw after1 only 5,000,000 marks. " - ALFRED KRUPP." my assuming charger world-famou- lie,if!ehr'XrdppretatarBhedhiS'farge at E8Ben, it was his son, Alfred Krupp, who was the real founder of .the industry. FYled rich died practical--- " ly bankrupt in 1826, leaving little more, than the secret of his cast-steprocess to his son, and it was 30 years before any striking results were , He directed In his will that the firm should be changed into a stock company. This was done, but Bertha Krupp, his daughter, who married Dr. von Behlen und von Halbach, holds all but tour shares of this company.. She is not only Germany's wealthiest woman, but Its wealthiest sub- ject and greatest taxpayer. Hence she has been called "the Queen of Essen," and "Our Lady of the Cannon, and other romantic names. At the age of eighteen 'there descended upon, her the greatest industrial Inheritance the world has yet known. She was six- teen when her father died, and attained her ma- - loaders. , 1 r: Nexer: huy .a I r pension of judgment until his private inquiry had done Its work was forgotten. The budget committee of the reichstag voted to appoint a parliamentary commission of inqulrylnta the ecaurdal: "Thi commission, however, despite the protests of the Socialists, was not vested with power to end for persons and papers. 7 Although the Krupp works date from 1810, when of JU&aTzaif? G2a-r- ; 1 which are often hunted and branded as, great destroyere of property.,,. If U were not for owls and hawks the country would be overrun with rodents, a cording to Mr. Pratt The crow has his place for good as a destroyer Of field mice and the farm owl It the night watchman who hunts gophers, mice and snakes. Not all hawks are usefuL Those that circle around In the sky and swoop down With stealthy movement oh theif prey are great boons, but the darters, those that take their prey on the wing, are ruthless destroyers. . Warning on Practice of Giving Soak-- , ed Bread Boiled Rice With Oatmeal Excellent. - , 4 i war-scar- e On Tuesday the popular indignation had risen so high that Gen. von Heerlngens plea for a sus- of-ir- - ERMANY'S excitement over the Krupp scandal Is not due alone to the rarity-o- f graft cases In that country, or to the fact that it touches her In her most sensitive place the army. It Is due partly to the fact tlat the Krupp establishment has come to be looked upon as a national Institutions and that every German has been Immensely proud of U as one, of the glories of the Fatherland. v' And now to , discover that this great Jnduatry. has stooped to the bribing of officials a fact admitted by the Krupp firm, after the charge had )een made in the reichstag and that.lt had been supplying French newspapers With material for articles, so as to Jnduce the German government to buy more armament from the Krupps.Jsjmore toGermanytbana scandal,, lt Is a catastrophe.. The charges were made in the reichstag by Dr. Llebknecht, the Socialist deputy, and In the col- umns of the Vorwaerts, the Socialist newspaper. It ,1s a coincidence that It- Was that newspaper which ten years ;ago printed another scandalous story about theJKrupps. which caused the death of the then head of the works, Friedrich Alfred ' Krupp. It w as Impossible to refute him, because the minister of war, Gen. von Heeringen, was obliged to admit then and there that an Inquiry was going , on which had already revealed that one of the Krupp officials" had bribed officers to reveal certain information. The following day the Krupps Issued a statement in which they admitted that their representatives in Berlin had maintained friendly relations with their former comrades'' of the war department for the purpose of obtaining "business information," and had. bestowed small present "on certain under offlclals." It was on Friday that Llebknecht exploded his bomb and forced von Heeringen to reveal that secretlnqulry and on Saturday that the Krupps made their admission of bribery. On Suqfiay the Vorwaerts published the text of the instructions sent by the Deutsche Munitions und V'affenfabrik to Its Parly agent to "leave no stone, unturned" to persuade some popular French newspaper la publish a statement that France lntendedto double her orders for machine guns. The object was to get the German government to order machine gunk from the Deutsche Munitions und Watfen-fabrlk- . Franco-Germa- n r . e, e, - 1 vfl-'.- d -. Magdeburg-Buckau,and-th- la d , . . . . , . e t e , |