Show M u u I I OUR 0 U L GREATEST 6 t EAT E S T PROBLEM P L OB L EM AI A And Four Hundreds of Thousand Golden of ot Millions Trades rados 1 l Unions Lost in and Strikes Industrial what What they Combinations Represent the W Civic onh I Federation is s Doing The c Industrial Association How Some Unions and some Trusts are Squeezing the ti g I r The Enormous Growth of o Trades Unions and T Trusts The f Day of 1 Prices I t w tit it t it V r I Special S cia Correspondence nce o of the Ih Desere News Nw by Frank G U Carpenter Carpl r Copyrighted by b Frank rank I O 0 CL Carpenter r D LI C II l I have been bee II naked nel cd to make an nil in w investigation of ot v WASHINGTON W some of the tho great bread questions which arc now nol no agitating the minds of or C most of the tI mm inn and women of or o the United Th questions nrc those Iho e re n e to 10 the th new flew condition ot of capital B labor llio tho t question qU llon of or the lh t he big hili Mill drill I Ir Por r the little rue ane Oil of oC high wages WR S an high prices of oC long or short I hours of ot union and nonunion und aWl es ee especially e whether I ho th consumer In IA to 10 In bt b ground between the Upper and nether millstones of ot employer and ft The ore lirE problems which affect every evary orr pocketbook hit his hI to 10 work vork for or whom hom ho io pleases his hili hI cages It If ho hit hoJ hitIA J if IA a 1 laborer and his hi If It he lic Is II a n capitalist and und In met the comfort and or oi failure of or every eory one In III tin till country A t The Tho will be with l men of or nil all cities I shall hive talks with tome conic of or o our chief chlor capital capitalists capitalists Including now how nIi thoU then II a million millionaire aire lre or trust magnate who will vIII give gle us U IM the benefits of oC organized capital nod have ha of or a opinion flom the lenders of or the trade unions vho who In their mighty wield the million of oC organized rj labor The Th non nonunion nonunion nonunion union maw ma will alit he be represented by h other thinker thinkers n as 01 will the unorganized I mid longsuffering public which till sill tho the bills antI and forms the very er bun foun nf or tho the existence of oC laborer laborel find and capitalist II pita I vl h to 10 pay MY I nt lit the tho lie start that these th r Interviews are not noL the tho of ot I Im my m fl opinion or that of ot this thin purer Impel In III them the th man who talks tony in y ea fay what I ho please and the moro more forcibly the tho better My only am lInt Is IR I to give Ive n a fair how to all aides kles without feat friLl or favor favorIt Jf Jt labor Is III denounced this rapt to tat tal may have Its denunciation next I I Tho rho unionist arni Is here hero hereon on an Rn equal footing and the tho Individual al ibi establishment and the great reat trust side tide by b Hide Hille As All for or me I nm inn only the tho telephonic connection between the men Interviewed and my m readers reador Ii n mere receiver transmitter my chief bIet ambition being to distinctly con COli convey vey wy the sou lid The rho present letter gives some Idea nf of tho the situation and ond the parties at nt Issue luul The Tho will begin publication next n Saturday LAND OF OP GOLDEN GIANTS CHANTS In the pant past the United d StoLes Stalls has hn I been great reAt through Its 18 individual citi citizens zens It has hM been the land mad of r all nil others where the single dingle man Inan alone alono anti and tight fight lila his wa ny up UI through any OilY sphere to 10 fame rame and fortune fortuM This Thin con condition dillon Is rapidly changing We lirA are doing things In the large Men M II work In blinds bends and dollars In millions The Theland Theland land Is one of or gulden giants of mighty masses of or organized capital anti and her herculean armies of or organized labor First look Ionic at It our o lr Combinations of ot capital lI pi III I They The surpass In their I mutations mil lations the wildest dreams ot of n II Croesus and Aladdin or a n Monte Cris Cristo to 10 It Is la not long since the million nil ahie frt of oC the tha United states could be counted on your our fingers and toes Now they lire numbered by thousand and we WI have h e Individuals worth woith more than UlAn the thc aggregate wealth w alth of ot orne of ot the smaller Take No one knows knowlI Just what he hI but hut libi hi three hundred million dollars dollar of ot steel securities curlIes lI bring him In an tin Income of or more than fifteen million dollars n R your or more than dollars for or every Ivery everyday everyday day Ill of ot the Ih week including holidays and anI Sundays John Rockefeller r scoops In something like two thousand an nn hour nil the tho year ear through from MH hit docks real estate mines and tho thu A tor and GouldH have hare proportionately larK large Incomes lI Thero There are today n a number of oC men in the thet United t State worth fifty dollar and Ind upward anti and tho the organizations or of 1 capital whose stock stork runs III In eight tight or more figures are legion Pt IN We AVe now have In addition to the bit bil steel steal truet trust which by tho the way WilY Is 18 a little shrunken at iw the WIIt and In addition to the thu gigantic lonn lenn railroad about Industrial combinations which command all told fifteen thousand millions of or dollar doliar W WI We have m 13 Industrial trusts Capitalized at seven ven thousand millions und and more than other These trusts lire are their smaller Aunt lorn lom They The n ni nl branching out to tu tuI toI Include I nd title till all clI of ur and In Inmany many Inn n cam caKe are nr binding the hands of ur Industry with trade regulations III In Indeed deed fl we Ire a ro fast fust becoming n a nation nIl 11 nf of u profit i ad flew 11 1 of or enormous Importance stare us UH In Ia face ace Tim Tm lI OP U Ii At the tho came ranie time our mir working men are arc organizing on u II gigantic scale The rho trades unions are arc grew Ing aa nil never tIer be before before fore rore anti onil they are aro combining lute Into nations of or enormous proportion We Wo Imo have more than unions In one fed federation and thoRO unions union covet cover every rory trade anti ami hope hop to control ov every ry wage I earner John Mitchell estimates that I there are arc nr from rum two anti to 10 three throe million workIngmen In tho th vari various ous Samuel dampers tf tolls ll me there th re aro oro more lance than thull two tso millions together In the American Federation of or Labor This ThIn federation has national tiona Icen Ira 7 slit to anti local unIons union which It hopes hones to 10 wield us liS one man on all nil great greut labor lalor questions flues I Ions Homo Somo of o tIt the gre lr Pl anti conic Fome are uro piling up units funds In their treasuries to tiso In the nud struggles which may mn arise between cap capital ital ItRI anti and labor The Tho United Mine lIne Work Wor Workers Sori ers era for or Instance has hUH worker and It tins has caved up 1111 The CI Cl CIgar gin gar Makers Makuta union tinion has hAil and It annually handles nil told more than n a million death ileath lieu hen elite anti vork payments to It Its unfortunate numbers members m rB Thero There are many man other oilier unions of or large size sise hut but th Ih tho ic Fe I will show more or 01 o less leslI what whal all nil aro no n e NE BOAT MAY B BE WRECKED 4 r A I II II IThe pi r I I The ThA first nr t real lively experience we have hind had with our now new submarine b oats was tho the almost complete wrecking of or two Iwo of or the finest In the navy during a recent storm ort oft Norfolk VR Va In 11 tho the work of or rescue the Peoria Yankton and Vixen lent conspicuous service The present experience e may lead lend to 10 a new estimate of ot tho the value of ot rIfles u t m N N I doing and the th power may wield in inthe Inthe inthe the future UNIONS These Th ae trades unions do not nol by b tiny any means manH Include the majority of ot our working men It Is lit doubtful If Ir they Ihy have more than 15 per cent of ot them Nevertheless they are uro banded together r runder Under tinder lenders lender nIl and u n army Is 18 stronger r than 10 times us tie many Individuals I have raId theta them th ro lire are unions To show their theil variety I give you OU soma of ot those which are arc of oC a II national or In International character taking them from froma a n list which I have from Crom the tho American Federation lion of or Labor There ore associations of or bakers holar barbers bill posters and black block There are associations lI of oC blast boiler tankers makers bookbinders ers rs boot and shoe hoo workers broom mak era anti and those who labor In There are brotherhoods of or carpenters anti and Joiners Joiner of or wagon workers und aunt wood SOOt carvers car workers and chain motors antI and also of or clerks anti and cigar makers t o anti commercial telegraphers raphers There ore are unions tinion of oC electrical work vork workers ers era and anti electrical constructors of oC con coni hoisting engineers steam engineer anti ilsa of firemen fir men flour mill men anti and feIgt trell 1 handlers Th Je ore flue B garment workers united In Ina Inu Ina a u ag many nian s glass fIRM workers glass gluss bottle baltic blower and anti glass snappers Even Kven l cn tho the gold Holl heaters boaters have a national union anti and also al o tho jh grinders of oC table knives The rho n are united The Tho hoer have luwe a u brotherhood and so DO have hae the tho nets rl Every one known of or tho the Iron and steel workers tho the leather I workers anti and the longshoremen Tin The machinists have numerous unions and so RO have hate the thin metal workers and tho thu mine workers worker There Th ro oro natIonal unions of oC mold molder molders ers er of ot meat cutters cutlers and polish polishers ers U There ate brotherhoods broth of o oil and KM gas men and also of ot painters bunterS and pa ha Every householder hou hohler knows known of oC tho the plumber union and every pub publisher Usher lisher thase which dent with printers and pressmen pre mell There arc aro all nil sorts of or railway organ organizations there smiths und and spin nes neM ne and stage employee and of if O tailors lallor nad tin tinplate tn tinPlate plate men inca Indeed I might go through the rest of the le alphabet t and give num numerous erous erus unions under every letter leter and In Include elude clude clura only those which are national In character sad and cover coer tho the whole United States LOST ST IN STRIKES I S These Th se labor unions are or better organ organized orgAnIzed than ever eHr before and their lend lenders ers era have buo enormous power as to 10 the In Inauguration lr or ar the prevention of oC strIkes Their demands for or higher wages anti better conditions ate aie steadily advancing advancIng ter ing and within tho the past few tew years the tim strikes have hl materially Increased Ac According According According cording to tn the tho figures of ot the tho labor lubor bureau here nt at Washington there have bavo been baen bf n Involved n a loss ios to the wage earn earners ers are r anti ami employers nf or about too OO Ol 00 The Th losses of oC the tho workmen havo HH p pI I b beta tn more moro than twice their cm em They have amounted to over and have hae caused more than luau thanG G n Idle workmen During tho the thoi i HI mo time the thi lockouts havo hivo hl 0 affected i im inori url n titan than halt half hat a n million workmen re to resulting I In Jo a 1 wage loss or I OW 00 0 Or m the tt above strikes about succeeded some Borne were partial successes ail 1 mow more mo r than thun total failures rue rl of ot the past year have havo been more than titan usually usual successful Times I have been good god orders plenty anti and tho could coull not nt afford oford to 10 stop Itol tile I ho tho fn tales They hey have havo hlo given HIen In II to th Ih men inca and wages have risen Times s snow now II ir millo t tl to be hard Many el e c fulfilments arc nrc cutting tuttIng down their some are nrc reducing wages these changes will 1 cause new r nains to lo be bo seen leen 30 AGAINST I UNIONS At tl ti same name lamo time nn an In association of oC manufacturers has been en formed to op oppose oppose pose what they claim are arc the exactions of ot th Ih unions This la is Ii said to have a I i IP of factories each eRch of oC which contributes jO 50 n a year toward the movement It Is rapidly Increasing In hi she eie and ani Is 10 l extending ext Its work to tilt ell lane of at the country countr It I hns tins l bl u a publication anti and Information at n t Indianapolis and like the tho unions It I la lii doing missionary work vork In of Its IM principles rho The heath head of r this thin association Is David M it Parry of or Indiana who Is l also ol o pres president prel ident of the tue Citizens Industrial titian of America connected with It I Those people that the labor ullon U Is nothing more mor than n a labor trust dv lt signed for tor the tho benefit of ot its Ita It own mem mein members ler bees bers orK nt at the Ihl expense of tho thu public The They stand for far tho nonunion man Inan anti and foi tr the jut tw Individual nail especially for UK tho right of oC the employer against organ l herl d labor They The are Ir for or tIm tho tl open shot shop against boycotts blacklists ant and strikes claiming that t nil alt 11 between employers anti and should houll be settled Milled t led by on nn moth meth method lel od ad that thol will il preserve the rights of oC both Ith parties parte TIll Tl IVI Perhaps I the powerful force now nou organized Organised for or the tho prevention of or labor troubles t is II the to National Civia r lion tOI ThIs Thin Thil h Is of oC employer of or labor the heads head of Ir the great labor unions and nul a ii I number of ot lending leading thinkers thinker representing thu tho pub public lie lic lt men meet mel together in tn eon con convention on enton at etl certain fixed periods to dis discuss cuss CUPA the Iho difference of ot labor and capi capt capital tal and how they Ile unity may In bo be b amicably sot est tied ted They lucy rhe havo hwu on an executive commit committee tee which h tries tiles to bring hing the tho anti together wherever h icer theta thele Is I trouble and thIs thin has already settled letl 1 ninny tunny strikes anti prevented others In iii 1102 the CIvIc Federation I averted n it strike e of or o workmen In lu 3 31 paper mills hulls anti and It had settled U ii 1 coal cORI strikes before the tue troubles truble In the anthracite folds fields began I Its members dill did what they could in the anthracite strike hut but were unable to succeed el During the present nl year their work has haa been much greater reller embracing labor of or orman many man kinds n a report of ot which I am ant 10 told lold will wi soon bo be given to 10 tho the public MIN MEN l no t The Th civic federation embraces embrace tho tue leading thinkers thinker of ot the United States KB lie executive committee Is II divided In Into Int to iii t three groups of o twelve each ono one on group grauli on the part port of the employers an another another another other on the it part of or f tho the Wage earners and ond n a third on the part of or the public The representatives of or tho the public are such men aura as nl Cleveland Cornelius N August Helmont Charles Chries Francis Adams Oscar Straus Stratus Archbishop John Ireland Bishop Pot Potter Potter ot otter ter President Eliot of Harvard anti and John n 0 L of or Buffalo lo loTho The Tho employers lire aro headed by Sena SEnn Senator tor tot Mark dark JIanna and Ind with wih him hll are Iro men lel lIke Schwab of ot the steel trust Under Underwood Underwood wood wod of oC the rio Nixon of or tim tho United |