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Show BARN FOR COWS AND CALVES THE TOOHI.E TIMES C T. STON.CY. Illustrations of Structure to Acccm-modat- e One Bull, Twenty Cows Pull sSer TOOEI.E Tempora Mutantur. certain young man, wishing to he very thiifty, quit eating meat. FrankInteresting Paragraphs Taken from lin abstained from meat, quoth he, SCIENTIFIC FARMING DRY-LAN- D and Several Youngsters. UTAH This barn is 34 by 98 feet and will accommodate 20 cows, one bull and about 30 head of young stock. The stalls vary in size from three single This year there will be no counting 20RN FOR FATTENING SWINE feet four inches to four feet, the double the losses, but a piling up o' profits. stalls from five feet to six feet, writes Method of Producing Pound P. M. Lee in Missouri Valley Farmer. Cheapest is mind that there in bear Always of Pork Is by the Corn and CloTwo box stalls are also provided, one no spot on earth east of the north ver Route. pole. For a long time we have believed Now the American aviator will leave that ru-- ' ? Antr 6 the cheapest method of producV tobacfresh his clouds cirrus npon the ing a pound of pork is by the corn co stain. and clover method, says a writer in Many persons are satisfied to know Drovers Journal. Last year we kept that the comet is there without wait- a carload of hogs in addition to 10 Ground Plan of Barn. brood sows with their pigs on 10 acres ing up nights to see it. of alsike and then several loads of 9 by 14 feet, the other 8 by 14. A comCalifornia should preserve Its big bay were taken from the field. A a fortable calf 12 by 16 feet is propen trees from forest fires and make the soon as the corn was ready we fed vided with individual stanchions for lumber trust forever jealous. several armfuls of green corn, to- feeding grain and inilk. There are with a few basketfuls of ears. six ventilating shafts (not shown in the is to that It confusing orig- gether say we fenced off eight acres of Then inal college widow is dead. Originality corn woven wire fencing with Is the long suit of all of them. and turned in the entire lot. The If people are not more careful the sows and a few of the spring pigs death strip is going to interfere seri- were shipped with the rest. The corn brought $33 an acre, costing us nothously with our census prospects. ing for husking, cutting or hauling to Though scienpe denies that there market. are equinoctial storms they have a We were so pleased with last year's way of coming along about that time. results that this spring we picked up enough pigs with our own to make France is going to tax foreign au- 175. On April 19, when we turned them tomobiles brought In for pleasure runs, on the 15 acres of clover which we which may serve to call attention to fenced off, six flues for air to they averaged 97 pounds. illustration) and the good roads of Germany and Spain Now flues are so placed that they have been on the clover enter. These close to three months and are getting the air is as pure in the barn as outBugs are eating the gum off the in excellent condition. We have not side. be It in may stamps Washington. had necessary to make an appropriation suVe the time to weigh them, but are CEMENT FLOOR FOR HOG PEN they have made excellent gains. to feed the bugs in order to save the Each day we feed them three sacks tamps. of corn (about 250 pounds). This With Roughened Surface and Covered Eu seems to balance up the grass ration with Plenty of Bedding Will Marrying a slightly shelf-worMake Floor Comfortable. ropean nobleman to a large package and to keep them in excellent shape. For the hog house I always prefer of American dollars is a job which A hog is not so much of a forage aniCupid might well be glad to turn over mal that he can do well on grass cement floors with a roughened surface. They make to a syndicate. alone. lie must have a supplementary it possible, to save ration and it seems that corn is best. A man in a Connecticut town was As all the manure, soon as the ears are ready we Bent to jail for persistently whistling and to make more. shall begin to feed green corn. With the same popular tune. That the last cultivation we sow'ed rape In Plenty of bedding, and long suffering worm, the a straw or leaves, deal of our corn. By the time great public, has turned at last. will make the the corn is ready for cutting this will warm and comfortable. York make a rank growth. Then we will floor A fountain pen In a New The pen for the brood sow I would mans pocket stopped a bullet and turn the whole bunch In on a piece build eight by eight feet. Partition new of on which we have Qn ground saved his life. Most fountain pens walls Letween I would also have destroy all chances of the future life, especially good outlook for a corn of cement threepens and one-hal- f to four We expect the rape together crop. man. With the average-temperewith a heavy crop to make a vast feet high and about six inches thick. Doors in the partitions are handy California is thinking of dividing amount of feed. Itself into two states of normal size. At present our main object is to when cleaning the pens. Alter the coarse manure is removed This plan if carried out will give to keep them healthy and growing. We the world the inestimable blessing of do not care so much for fat as for a hose with nozzle attached to the two distinct varieties of "native sons." large frames. They can put the fat on force pump or elevated tank will aid if they have the place for it when we greatly. Or a good stable broom and Gulf ports are gaining In export tarn them In the corn. Clean water a sprinkling can will do. trade faster than are Atlantic coast Is The washings and the liquid maquite necessary. We try to keep ports, wholly regardless of the per down nure should be run off through a cewallow-holes- . the the About fectly good theory that lines of traffic ment gutter to a cement manure pit, are foreordained to run only east and troughs this is quite a task, although covered, outside the hog house, into a few loads of ordinary sawdust west. which all the gutters from cow and placed in the right place will not only It is reported by the minfster of the prevent the wallowing but will fill up horse stables also lead. treasury that Castro in the last part the holes. LIVE STOCK NOTES. of his term took a million and a half of dollars from the national treasury. SHEEP PEST FROM ENGLAND Shoot every strange dog that comes No wonder he was reluctant to lose onto the place. such a good thing. Dreaded Disease Brought Over with Plenty of good feed to push the Importation of Flock Makes Its In giving up his claims to the throne for market. youngsters Appearance in New York. of Portugal to wed an American Pasture and pure water are the heiress, the prince of Braganza sacA British pest of sheep, perfection of pig feed for summer. rifices a very pale shadow to a beautiIf your ewes are poor at breeding ful and substantial reality. So the rare in this country (though a number time they will be greatly handicapped. of recases on are sacrifice is not as harrowing as It The "turn-sicdigestive powers of the hogs called gid, cord), "sturdy, sounds. and various other things, has are the feeders foundation of sucThat Uncle Sam turns out a high appeared in central New York, and it cess. Oil meal will often prevent indigestrade of marksmen Is evident from thought to be traceable to an Importathe experience of the Atlantic fleet. tion of about 100 sheep and two Scotch tion and keep the young sheep ' on When practice with the big guns has collie dogs two years ago, says Coun- edge. to be suspended because the targets try Gentleman. It is a parasitic com Similarity of breeding stock prohave been shot to pieces the fact furduces offspring of much greater nishes strong evidence that there value. would be straight shooting In battle. Cast iron troughs are the most sanitary, although plank will do if kept New progress brings new dangers. clean. The surgeon of the French warship Any flock of over 50 sheep Descartes attributes eczema and eye to have a collie to look after ought troubles to the use of wireless telegthem. raphy. The eczema has appeared on Keep the ram to himself In daythe faces and hands of the seamen time and turn him with a few ewes told off to work the apparatus. Thereat night. fore the surgeon recommends that In Never mate a big ram with a future use of the wireless apparatus small ewe. Best to bred animals of precautions be taken to protect these parts of the body. plaint, due to the development In the the rame type. Excessive flesh produces a crowding brain of the sheep of the cystic form Here is another discovery, and it of the of the Internal organs that is detriof it the tapeworm being has been made at a distance farther believed that the trouble dog, cannot exist mental to fecundity. than the north pole. Observations by without the The perfect mother bunches her presence of dogs to harProf. Pereival Lowell, the Harvard bor the creature, which brood in some corner and settles down astronomer, convince him that there is expelled in the excreta on herbage a few feet from them. Is oxygen in the atmosphere of Mars, and then swallowed by the sheep. The Keep their noses smeared with tar and from this he concludes that it is sketch on the right, the sac or some disinfectant until the ravages shows, possible for life to exist on that planet with many heads as found in the brain of the gadfly are past. as well as on the earth. Here Is a of the sheep, and on the left a single careful Intelligent, breeding tells chance for real distinction. What head magnified. As these sacs grow more rapidly upon sheep than upon airship inventor will fly to Mars and to the size of a large hens egg, the any other domestic animals. find out all about it? effects on the unfortunate sheep may After all, corn Is the great fattener easily be imagined nervousness, fear, for sheep as for other animals, but The September report of the department of agriculture renews assurance dullness amounting to stupor, aberra- fed alone will cause trouble. of all the senses, inability to dithat the leading grain crops will be tion Rains give sheep sniffles, diarrhoea rect its movements, and distress in and large. The prospects are that the consumption. Bring them to the general. It is a most distressing ail- barn wheat yield will be 714,302,000 bushduring a rainstorm and feed ment to observe. them under cover. els, against 604,604,000 last year, while corn is put down at 2,648,846,000, as The big sheep ranges of the west Breaking Colts. compared with 2, 60S, 631,000 in 1908. are being broken up and our daily to Break walk colts hill. down your Other figures are: Oats, 1909, will have to come from the mutton Now, that may mean that you will bushels, 1908, 807,136,000 bushhave to break yourself first, for it small farm flocks. els; rye, 1909, 31,066,000 bushels; 1908 wems to be natural to Dont guess at the breeding time. hurry horses 31.851.000 bushels; barley, 1909, 170,- down hill, says Farm Journal. It is Red paint on the rams belly will 618.000 1908, bushels; 166,756,000 mark the ewes so you can tell when i bad plan. bushels. thi y will drop their lambs. Dont toggle your harnesses up with No to surer invite way strings. The public seems to have been edu Raising Swine. cated into believing that rabies must trouble; have everything stout. With hogs selling as high as eight s a Get to horse dentist a follow bite. With the inevitably dog cents a pound, live weight, on the Chivictim in such a frame of jnind, his look over the teeth of every horse on cago market hog growing ought to old. and the farm, young body, enfeebled by terror, becomes appeal to a large number of our real an easier prey. ers, says Progressive Farmer. In the State Buys Stallions. The New Jersey experiment of pur- past we have been too much inclined The New York state forest commis stallions by the state is meet- to go intc different kinds of stock raischasing Is sioner establishing telephone lines with ing great success and will he fol- ing on a high market and go out when In the Adirondacks for the use of fire the market declined. This is always wardens. In extinguishing forest fires lowed, no doubt, in other states. a mistake. To pay a high price for as well as others much depends upon foundation stock and then sell it on a Stallion a Failure. Grade getting an early start. The telephones The grade stallion may be a very low market means heavy loss. There are likely to more than save their good looking Individual, but he will in never was any reason for a southern cost. farmer quitting hog raising. They are all probability prove a disappointment as a breeder. always profitable when well managed What would a fair be without an airship? n long-abuse- d well-know- n k 1,008,-000,00- 0 first-clas- That the philosophy of scientific soil culture may be thoroughly understood, the following paragraphs are from an article written by Prof. J. D. Tinsley of the New Mexico experimen station. "Water in the soil may take the form of free water, capillary water or hygroscopic water.' Free water is water under the influence of gravity, percolating through the spaces in the soil, and seeking a lower and lower level; ultimately it forms films around the soil particles and fills in the minute spaces between them. In this condition it no longer tends to sink it is no deeper into the ground; longer influenced by gravity; it has, in tact, ceased' to be free water, but has become capillary water. Mien every soil grain has been covered w'ith a film of capillary water , and all the spaces are filled, the soil is said to be saturated; it will hold no more, and any excess is free water, sinking deeper into the soil and saturating it to still greater depth. The capillary water is held to the surface of each minute grain of soil by the force of adhesion. Its tendency is to move toward the place where the soil is dryest whether that be up, down or horizontally. This movement along the soil particles is similar to the movement of oil along a lamp wick; and is what is meant when the term capillary attraction, or capillarity is used. If one end of a small tube be immersed in water, it will be noticed that the liquid will rise higher in the tube than in the vessel in w'hich the water is contained. This, also, is due to capillarity. Experiment shows that the smaller the tube the higher the water will rise, hut the larger the tube the faster the movement. Now', the soil may be imagined as filled with multitudes of these tiny tubes, through which capillary water rises to the surface, when the surface becomes dry enough to attract it.- This force of capillarity is the one thing upon which the farmer must depend to bring the water in the soil close enough to the surface to be reached by the roots of crop plants. At the same time his greatest care must be to prevent the moisture from being lost by evaporation, which proceeds with extraordinary rapidity in the excessively dry atmosphere of semi-ariAmerica. From the capillary water the plant roots derive their supply of water and with it they take up the soil elements necessary to their grow'th. The third form of soil moisture is This is water hygroscopic water. that cannot be dried out or removed from the soil by natural evaporation. It is a wholly negligible quantity. To Properly Summer-Til- l Land Requires as Much or More Labor and Attention Than Raising Crop Other Essentials. The most important problem in dryland farming is to conserve the moisture in the soil distributing it throughout the season of growth. The total annual precipitation is usually sufficient to grow a large crop, but some of it comes when not needed and in larger quantities than can be used and often fails to come when most needed by the crop. The soil may be used as a vast reservoir for storing the water until it is used by the plant. By keeping the soil loose on top we stop evaporation from the soil so that all the water fnay be used by the plant. In this way we save the water in the soil until it is needed by the crop. lost-rapidl- d d SOIL dry-lan- d varieties, g rotations and fertility are also very important factors. The durum varieties of wheat the common spring are wheat by many bushels per acre and ihe best varieties of winter wheat are In turn the durum. Kherson and other early varieties of oats are fast replacing the common varieties. Alfalfa is destined to produce a wonderful change in the west, both in its effect upon the soil and as a forage crop. Rotations often give as great increase in yield as tillage or All these factors should varieties. be given equal attention in a comprehensive system of crop production. g g Paying Crops Raised. dry-lanExperiments in farming have proven incontestiblv that paying crops can be raised with far less rainfall than was thought necessary. The principle which underlies this system is one that has been practically proven and accepted by the farmers in the west, namely that water enough falls on the land, but not always at the right time, for the growth and maturing of a crop, hence the water that otherwise would go to waste must be conserved. is By plowing the land the run-of- f arrested and the waters sink into the soil. By stirring the surface evaporation, or drying out of the land below, is retarded if not entirely prevented. d Poultry and Cows. I have 140 hens and six cows. The work of caring for the cows is greater. In the summer both do well with little care, says a writer in Baltimore American. At the present time I am getting SO eggs a day; at two cents each I get A cow gives 16 gallons of milk $1.60. at five cents per quart, making $3.20. It seems as if the cows paid the best. I sell some skim milk, feed some to the hens and some I feed to cows, but I I dont get skim milk from them. sell nearly every egg to consumers, hut get only a small margin of profit only a fair return for labor. OF BELT SEMI-ARI- D Naturally Rich, Generally Free from Objectionable Traits and Admirably Adapted to Farming. Sub-surfac- e Drouth-resistin- CF S0IL Prof. Tinsley's Article on Soil Different Terms. Moisture Important Problem Is to Conserve Moisture in the Soil. Surface tillage is a means of tapping the rainfall. The surface soil is made loose and the capillary connection between the loose surface and the moister soil below is broken, making it more difficult for the water in the soil to reach the surface where it is lost by evaporation. The depth of cultivation desirable in the formation of the soil mulch will depend on the and the frequency of cultivation amount of rainfall. During a long dry period a mulch three or four inches thick is not too much. If a crust forms on the surface water is If a crust forms by evaporation. under the mulch it prevents the circulation of air in the soil and also favors the escape of the w'ater. This crust must be broken by deeper cultivation. Land is summer-tilleto store the moisture of one season in order that i crop may be grown the next. The more thorough the tillage the better this moisture is conserved. When a small grain crop is being harvested the disk should follow the binder. The ground may be plowed later in the fall and packed with a harrow and soil packer. As soon as the frost is gone in the spring the ground should be made loose on top. It should be kept in this condition all summej; or until the next crop is seeded. The disk and harrow should be used as often as necessary to keep the surface loose. When the ground is not plowed in the fall it rill be necessary to disk early in the spring and plow before July 15. Deep plowing increases the capacity of the soil to hold water. If weeds are allowed to grow the effects of summer tilling are lost. The surface should never be allowed to become hard for this gives the same conditions as leaving a hole in the bottom of a water tank it permits the escape of the water. To properly summer-til- l land requires as much or more labor and attention than raising a crop. packing is the firming of the soil beneath the mulch. This is not done to hold the moisture, but to allow the moisture to come up within reach of the plant roots to make a road for the water to climb up, for water cannot go upward without a connected line along which to travel. When the soil is very loose and full of air spaces the line is unjointed, hut when the soil has been packed the air spaces are squeezed out, the soil grains brought together and a line roadbed is made for the upward movement of the water. However, the tilling of the soil is not the sum total of farming. CULE Everyone knows or ought to know, that the soil of the regions Is naturally rich and generally free from objectionable traits, and of a texture admirably adapted to the best It has been demonstrated, farming. semi-ari- i d beyond the peradventure of a doubt, concerning farming carried on in those regions under scientific soil culture, that if care be taken to conserve the moisture, and not waste it, that is: if the soil be so treated that its fertility he made available plowing, packing, seeding, and cultivation suited to existing conditions farming becomes an exact science, and the raising of large crops a certainty. A great percentage of the vast plains of the west is admirably adapted for ideal, farming, quite free from boulders and stumps. Dry farming is cheaper than irrigation and, in addition, has some decided advantages over the latter system. In the first place, on ditches are required and no subsequent repairs needed, and no laborers are hired fpr irrigators. And, secondly, it Is a demonstrated fact that dry farming is the better proposition of the two when practiced on a large scale. One man, it is estimated, can not farm profitably more than 50 to 75 acres of irrigated land, while under the dry farming system large tracts can be handled especially when small grain and alfalfa are grown. , Fundamental semi-ari- sufficient Study of Dry Farming. A study of dry farming includes or should a study of soils, seeds, adaptability of crops to locality, adaptability of methods to Carnatic conditions, causes of success or failure in like districts, farm machinery, crop rotation and many phases oi farm operation by which the arid lands can be made to yield profit Not Dry Farming. frequently question asked: "What is Dry Farming?" and which may be most easily, yet enigmatical iy answered with: "It is not Dij Fa.ming at alL Non-Co- pose Experienced. (to recruit) I dont you ever smeit powder, you") Recruit Oh, yes. I store before I enlisted. w'xs in a I The nearest approach some fe, make to getting a job is to go ai with a snow shovel In summer a lawn mower in winter prtri'-F- s sphxixs uiam me Itealir'ir ten disappear like ui I Ins icy ea Pl.nk.Uer During Davis Perry dne, dec, ax in bouse hold should bo without it. Boarding house coffee is one o things that are well roasted. .'.if. An aching back is instantly relieved by an application of Sloans Liniment. This liniment takes the place of massage and is better than sticky plasters. It penetrates without rubbing through the skin and muscular tissue right to the bone, quickens the blood, relieves congestion, and gives permanent as well as temporary relief. Heres the Proof. Mr. James 0. Lee, of 1100 9th St., 8.E., Washington, D.C., writes : Thirty years ago I tell from a scaffold and serf-ously injured my back. I suffered terri- blv at times; from the small of my back all around my stomach was just as if I had been beaten with a club. I used every piaster X could get with no relief. Sloans Liniment took the pain right out, and 1 can now do as much ladder work as any man in the shop, thanks to Sloans Liniment Mr. J. P. Evaxs, of Mt. Airy, Ga., says: After being afflicted for three years with rheumatism, I used Sloans Liniment, and was cured sound and well, and aifi glad to say I havent been troubled with rheumatism since. My leg was badly swollen from my hip to a bottle took the my knee. pam and swelling out One-ha- lf Sloans Liniment has no equal as a remedy for Rheumatism, Neuralgia or any pain or stiffness in the muscles or joints. Prices, 25c., 50c. and $1.00 Sloan's hook on horses, cattle, sheep. nnl sens free poultry Address Dr. Earl S. Sloan, Boston, Mass., U.S.fl, The Modem Razor NO STROPPING NO HONING pArkers BALSAM HAIR and beautifies the h$dT S luxuriant growth. Never Fails to Restore Grs; Hair to its Youthful Color. CTeanec Promotes Cures scalp di eases A hair falling. 5ftc,and gHOat Jrugr'itg d sumed to have regularly a A "and so will 1. But he didnt stop to consider how prices have gone up since Franklins day, and especially within the last few years. The result was that when he hadnt eaten meat for about si months he was so much money tr good that he lost his head and be one of the gilded youth. The outworn ideals of yeste should be taken up very guarded! at all. Puck. Principles. The fundamental principles of dry farming consist in agricultural practices w'hich will tend to conserve soil moisture and make the very most fot cultivated crops of a limited supply of rainfall. While the systems of dry farming are supposed to be practiced in the regions only, it has been found by actual practice and scientific experiments that the dry farming methods apply with equal force to the farmers who grow crops in those sections which are asamount of rainfall. A HOWARD E. BURTON, Specimen pncea: Gold, Silver, Lead, l; (, 7,c; Gold, 50c; Zinc ot Copper, 1. Mail envelopes and full price list son t on applw uj Control and umpire work solicited. l.eadViJ CoL Reference. Carbonate Xsationul Bunk. Shiver. If afflicted with bote eeb, use i Thompsons Eye Wait Save the Baby m UST CURE mUtt (!$ TOR Use (gyk Should be given at once when the little one coughs. It heels the del- - icate throat end protects the lungrl from infection guaranteed safe and) very palatable. All Druggists, 25 cents. J |
