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Show - )' f CORING MAN'S FRIEND, V. r Jutere-tliiCareer of Workman loderly. jiaitir G'cs them right: tiny should wonl, "ntc-- i a 8cran-'- t correspondent of The At w were often on the lips of i'll,' Powderly. the father of the IfZ sacral master workman of the Labor, Terence Vincent When gathered with his ground the family hearthstone iV. talk to them of the n men working cause. Holding up a exclaim: rf sticks he would iTlrVe easy it is to break these one r. nd how diflicult when all His youngt'st son, Terence especially impressed with idlings, and his father often Perry will make his mark some the I C K se X f'.cf lt7. impor-J'fh-.&bori- togeth-!omnio- to-p,- ''f tyii.-.wa- s is Lav iwderlys father came to this n 1826. He was then aliout 1Ie was a Pow thT' fe Jear3 olJ feet six tall, with a m, fully He married be- Ipto institution. r gft Ireland, and his first son o on the ship coming up the id re nee. He landed where the town of Ogdensburgh, N. Y k-Two years were spent shurgh, and then he started ' iy, aiith, lie Stopped at Utica for iirlhs and then continued his s J arriving at Uarbondale, his 1 me, early in 1829. In those feoti try; iCTer th-i- e .)-da- 1 1 1 was obtaimnl by stripping .off and hewing the coal out ieJlIj-sAs the process of mining A-1, Mr. Powdcrly became a mine ivtj. he also opened a small store. mh uL is managed by his wife. If lie maul- fa little less careful he might C'l.e one of the richest men in ti ,, m.i-iA farm of over four :o( g, txs was offered to him for DJ. This farm contained some ,m, irgest deposits of coal in the ts yield has amounted to a iftL- . . onw hundred thousand dollars Mr. seems inexhaustible. however, had a horror of debt, and he refused his op- lie thus lived and died a yiv. GoIJcl I, itrim i So theft, s 'e r.'fi. was the youngest son in twelve children, several ome ,.r: now living. Three broch- p ir g at Carbon dale and one on DOT.Itr ,, aa county. Joseph, one i : r I idm fliers, has just been ap- 'aen;t jc V. in?. 1 3y (I ' ohh l a ter at Carbondale. 9o t a nil ini1 Jf i.t t Workman Powderly ,a on January 22, 1849. His C"i, fined to reading, writ- c and geography. At 13 , ii ujP. ie. ed to a machinist. He ral T n lore i 8 na .It boy in the sense of his d rangBitln g into mischief, although had his lessons. The ,Sri! 1 r' Bernard McTighe, and he had ,f' Jay to punish young come 1 v( !y. ay, f McTighe, who was morti ii, pissed the place where f y vas at work on his way ec in j i rr powderly called ut y ,e i (jje d seipline, is,fc;r rop1" ; a thrashed my boy yester- - I rs - dim- l'r M ? w i ry. 6 d he ,s the reply, I thought it do? Co schoolmaster explained, "You did perfectly r'ysaid: sea. n our f nd j er ' derlys studies did not end lenticesliip to the machin- 'was a naturally thought-- ! mind, and his evenings 1 'i and tof e ronVe in reading. lie earned buy a copy of Sliaks-an- d ij to n . am is c fii w was very fond of his I. first entered the niacliine was sc: wo'k boring err V' in car wheels. Notwithstand- he paid close attention rvic; a.iii"cik and was advanced from nii'n ' imo until he became master of , ?V- l ( "Sl to -' s. 1I:nmah Deverc, his sweetheart, left Carbon-pjparents for Scranton, tor t nt'v, said Mr. Powderlys s 'I or, at is not Carbondale, of a ladies man. Oh, no, v' 11,1 by any means, ai; suol ng, but lie is not fond ooni'5' n:"! th lice ive to c. ho 51 an-hat- er v . her e do1 ter 3r t-- left Caibondalem 1869. 'tlcry he joined the Knights !' be The order was then in its ' !,M efeel ulis; J 'ndale, but soon gained i"e local celebrity by the in- - 'peer in which he discussed nsr te 1 Bo organization. On i "'.nun, Mr. Powderly en- C a 1 uc slu,t's of the Dela-- j. h Psawamia and Western Rail-- t He received $2.50 a L' I :' at money carefully, neither id 1jr drunk, and became one of t tru.Kd employes about the e Mr. Powderly was a quiet ways, said Mr. Gurrill l us ' f 9 tr-'i- Tie could talk well enough, anil no one ew-saw him standing around the street corners, and I never saw him stop to talk with anono on the street for more than a minute until after he became andidate for major. After he became may or I was the only man he left on the police force of the city. Mr. Powderly wanted it reorganized and better men appointed. In 1874 Mr. Powderly married his Carbondale sweetheart! By this time he had become one of the leaders in the local labor committee of Scranton and was attracting attention to himself. He became a member of the Columbia Literary society, where he made his lirst reputation as a speaker. He also took a coarse at a commercial college. After the term Mr. Powderly resumed his studies at home. He formed the personal acquaintance in 1876 of Uriah Stephens, who was then at the head of the Knights of Labor. He used his influence in Mr. Powdorlvs favor, and he was made the head of the labor organization in Scranton. During the strikes of 1877 he urged peace and moderation, and liis counsel at that time, given in a quiet way, probably saved thousands of dollars worth of property in Scranton. Following the riots the labor organization nominated a full county ticket at the fall election. Mr. Powderly was made a member of the county committee. People endeavored to ridicule them out of the contest, but the ticket was elected by a large majority. The following spring Mr. Powderly was nominated by the labor party for mayor of Scranton, and he was elected. The republican press charged Powderly with being the candidate of the Molly Maguires, and predicted, in the event of his election, that the city' would be turned over to that lawless gang of ruffians, but it only served to arouse the sympathy of the people in his behalf. The people of Carbondale indorsed him strongly. Mr. Powderly' made a most excellent and conservative mayor. Two years later, when he was again nominated by the labor party for mayor, his predece'sor, McKune, came all the way fioni Canada to take a hand in working for his election, and the next time after that the demoerats indorsed his nomination. He could have been elected again but he declined. Mr. Powderly is now entering on his seventh year as general master workman of the Knights of Labor. Mr. Stephens died in 1879, and Mr. Powderly, who held the position next in power, that of general worthy foreman, became his successor. During his terms of office the Knights of Labor have grown from a comparatively insignificant gathering into an organiza- tion of the greatest powrer and importance, with a membership reaching far up in the neighborhood of the millions. Mr. Powderlys mother died about ten years ago. Some idea of the size and extent of the family can be learned from the fact that sixty children and grandchildren were gathered at . her funeral. Mr. Powderly, however, has no children. His father died during his first term as mayor. Most of the Scranton city officials went to Carbondale to attend the funeral. ' In spite of all his opportunities Mr. Powderly is still a poor man. lie lives in a very modest cottage on the outskirts of Scranton, and it is doubtful if the bouse, lot, and furniture would bring more than $500 if put up for sale. The salary of his position is only $1,000 a year, but his traveling expenses are paid by the organization. Mr. Powderly does not appear to be changed by his advancement. He has the same kindly greeting for his friends as when he was an ordinary machinist. He is not without ambition, but it is believed to be confined entirely to the cause which he represents. He has been urged to aeecpt the nomination for congress in this district, and in his ea-- e it would be equivalent to an but he has declined perelection, emptorily. His whole life lias been consecrated to the cause which lie represents. If it does not go out in the struggle he is now making against disease a great future unfolds itself before him. ar-e- nr THE GREAT STRIKE. to-da- y. 1 1 Marriage Licenses in Missouri. The majority' of men who apply for licenses are aged between 20 and 21). and women between 26 and 23 years. I have issued licenses to very young people, but more frequently to very old people, as far as the matter of extremes is concerned. It often occurs that men over CO years of age get licenses to marry women very near their own age, and not long ago I issued a license to a man 71 years old who desired to marry a woman of 65. I find old people just as enthusiastic on the subject of marrying, and just as shy withal, as young people. Why shouldnt they be? Old peopie generally marry for companionship, and I think they are right about it- St. Louis L Globe-Dcmocra- Worlil'iKn,pn 11'atisted il'.i theurdiW to A' hc't hey Are lloiiml TIip lV.r of the Hoy cott. A St. Louis com nondent of 77c AVv 3.ni Xtition contributes to that paper an interesting review of the great strike The on the Uioiild y stem of railroads. public, he says, has. been fairly well informed of the ineipieney and progress of this remarkable upheaval; but the coloring given to it by the press and by associated and prhate dispatches, in different sections of the country, has had a tendency to hide from the outside public many of the local features, to which attention must be given in order to understand its origin, rise, and inevitable consequences. To beiji with, the country should understand that this was not a strike. It was a boycott, pure and unadulterated. The public generally accepts the term d of boycott to be a sort of a and not unlawful method of applying the screws to a refractory employer. Such may have been the intention of the originators of this method, but, as at present applied, it forbodes incalculable Intfir-e- ut ! -- good-nature- mischief. When a boycott is decreed it is directed against every man, woman, or child, against eery linn, corporation, or individual, against everybody who directly or indirectly, whether for profit or love, whether his life or his health or that of his wife and children depend on it, whether he or they were sick, suffering, or starving, whether impelled thereto by ties of friendship, of gratitude, or humanity helped, aided, worked for, or in any way assisted the person, corporation, or institution which had incurred the displeasure of and been declared to be under the ban by a chartered lodge; and to ab.de bv this order when given all Knights of Labor are solemnly sworn. Tracing the history of this strike it will be seen that this was the course it took. Ostensibly the laws were to be rejected, but in fact no law was to stand in the way of preventing the excommunicated road from being operated; and violence, destruction, and panic were to, and did, follow in the wake of the Knights secret order. St. Louis being the key of the situation, and the chief offices of the road as well as of the Knights being there, this city became the main point of attack. It is needless to describe the open acts of violence that were committed they are matters of history; but the secret and invisible acts of terrorism are not. The thousands of employes who were serving the company, directly or indirectly, from the best paid artisan, down to the day laborer and the poor women who scrub the cars, were waited upon to by a committee and requested stop work instanter. Generally they were served with a written notice, reading as follows: You are requested not to . . . work in the shop . . . repair tracks . . . take out an engine, etc., etc., from and after o'clock this day. By order of the Executive Committee. j Seal of Knights ) ) of Labor. ( It will be observed that the word requested only is used, designedly for the purpose of serving as a cloak to the boast that the Knights never used violence; but there is a terrible meaning attached to the word request, which every laboring and working man in the country now understands. It means that whoever does not heed that request may consider himself outlawed; that when going to or returning from his work he will be hooted, hissed, and spat upon; that he will be beaten, bis wife and children insulted, his tradesmen forbidden to sell him goods, his landlord ordered to oust him from his his home. All his social relations will be cut off, and he will become the Ahasucrus of his tribe. No wonder that the most loyal and the stoutest among them give up their manhood rather than incur the consequences of such demoniac persecutions. The Missouri Pacific boycott not producing the desired result, it was extended over the St. Louis bridge, and later on over East St. Louis. The strikers there outvied the St. Louis mob. Under the guidance of the Knights all the avenues of trade and industry were closed. The St. Louis Transfer company, w bieli owns several hundred teams had to suspend operations. Its teamsters were requested to quit, and quit tiny did. Hhey were all loyal to their employers, were poor, men, and they needy, met afterward among themselves and published a protest in the papers against this unwarrantable' interference, but they dared not to ignore the request. Other teams, belonging to private parties, endeavorirg to haul goods to were and from East St. Louis, ordered back, and nothing was permitted to be touched. Perishable goods hard-workin- g had to be left to rot and po l. Thou coal from Illinois on whch .s'. Louis depends for it.-- uj pn, were standing in the railroad yards, but not a bushel was permitted to be moved. Presently the coal famine made itself felt in St. Louis. One factory after another li:ul to let its tires go out The great flour industries of St. Louis had stopped some time before they could get no grain in and flour out. Thousands of emno ship ployes, mostly of the poorest class, had to be discharged. The price of coal rose from the average of 7 cents per bushel or $5.50 per ton to 50 cents or $40 per ton. Trov isions rose enormously'. The army of teamsters who make their living by hauling goods to and from East St. Louis not only were forced into idleness, but bad to pay enormous prices for feed for their horses, who were idle in the stables, llovv the poor fared may be imagined. The East St. Louis strike was confessedly ordered without cause or grievance. The chairman of the assembly of Knights which ordered it, Sullivan by name, openly stated that it was done only to help their brethren in Missouri. But let us return to Missouri. Many of the men ordered out were of the the employes, bad their own homes and brought up their families in a respectable way. They belonged to the best type of the industrial class. I know many of them who are gentlemanly, intelligent, and good c't'zen. They joined the order of Knights of Labor at its early inception, when its aims and methods were such as every of humanity could indorse. They are of the type which Mr. Powderly represents. Now they feel and see with dismay that it has grown beyond controllable limits, hydra headed, with venom in its fangs. But they see no escape outside of revolt, and revolt means boycott, and boycott means the consequences which I have outlined above. Finally, when the leaders saw that they had no ground to stand upon, they proclaimed that all they wanted was In plain English, it recognition. meant that they should be recognized as a state within the state, as a pow er subject to no control and to no established tribunal, as the dictator to decree, for reasons satisfactory only to themselves, that the people shall neither buy from nor sell to, neither trade nor contract nor have any commercial or other intercourse with anybody who has incurred their displeasure or ignored their demands. That such a recognition means the surrender of manhood, of all liberty of action, of all democracy; that it must be a barrier to all civilization and progress, never enters the minds of these fanatics. I will not attempt in this letter to present a history of this tremendous movement, its labor side and its railroad side. In fact, the end is not yet I have only endeavored truthfully to portray its results and its possibilities, in order that your readers may know what may be in store for them, anywhere and everywhere, and at any time, and that they may take warning. This issue will have to be met by the people of the country sooner or later, and it may be a blessing to those not affected by the events of the last few weeks that its monstrosity has been uncovered. Nor is there meant to be in this warning any offense or opposition to organized labor. The inquisition was no more of the essence of the Catholic religion or the burning of witches of the Protestant religion than the enormous practices and doctrines of the Knights which I have described are of the essence of protected labor. sands (f tons -- se best-pai- best-content- d, FACT AND (if well-wish- er Illustrating An Oath. Teacher Johnnie, do you know the nature of an oath? Yesm. It is something Johnnie that a man gives when he wants to be believed. Teacher Thats right. Now, Ictus have it illustrated. Johnnie, suppose your father should swear to your mothat 10 er that he would be oclock in the evening. Where would he be at that hour ? In Tim Doogans barJohnnie Tid Bits. room. e The Butting Brother and His Horse. There is a colored preacher who lives near Jasper, Ga., that rules his horse by butting him. If the horse is fractious or stubborn lie takes the kinks out by deliberately seizing it by- the ears and butting it squarely in the forehead until it falls on its knees. This is generally done at the second or third butt, when the old parson steps behind and drives ahead again. Conyers Ga.) South. The new national library, just ordered by congress, is to be constructed after the style of the capita A man - fined $5 for ca. la court the other M. U. A. in Springfield, O., stanu g associaoung Men's nuts in a wa- Ho'-':- . for tion. The influx of eastern visitors at San Francisco is so great that all the hotels of the city are turning away guests daily. It is always the beginning of Lent at our house. I don't understand Dont you know we have hash you. Wednesday all the year round. Bunker Hill monument is 221 feet high, built of solid granite, and every day it oscillates to and fro as die beat of the sun expands the eastern or westCock-Fightin- ern side. Every American Indian costs tlie United States government $300 a year, estimating the Indian population at 260,000 and the appropriation at A Columbus, O., paper has a society column headed Out of the Hurly-BurlThe first paragraph announces that a Columbus young lady has gone to New York. An opium smuggler has been defraud- ing Chinese at Seattle, Washington territory, by selling them a line quality of Victoria mud, covered by a layer of the drug, at $10 a pound. A dilatory bride who upon arrival at the church found that the bridegroom had married the first bridesmaid, remarked philosophically' that perhaps it was just as well as it was. Little Brown (a horrid bore): Do you believe in a mans sighs. Miss RobMiss Robinson: inson? A mans size? Ye. certainly I do, I think no man ought to he less than six feet in (Collapse of little Brow n.) height. A Brooklyn demist against whom a suit for damages in the sum of $50,uoQ was brought by a woman whose mouth got sore after using a set of teeth lie had constructed for her has settled the case with her by a pay incut of $3'0. Mrs. Haskins: Why, Mrs. Boggs, liow strangely y on acted in luireh today, What was the matter? Nothing Airs. Boggs: In serious, I hope. deed it was serious. You dont mean to tell me yon didnt notice Airs. Ranneys new bonnet! La PoLtesse lu Coeur. Alumina Alice, dear, let us (after dinner): y. bear your new song." Alice: Im afraid of disturbing Dr. Schmidt, mamma. Herr Schmidt (waking up): Ach! do not mind me. I will take myself away from ze room! What has become of the said Towser, savagely, as he knocked I had it last night things about. It's on the niantlepieoe, replied Airs, I covered it with plush toTowser. day, and painted some flowers on it. Isnt it lovely? The fact is recalled that the very des structive series of which wrought such havoc in 1883 began on simultaneous tempests at April 22 many points in the south and west which resulted m the loss of two or three hundred lives. Dr. York, an infidel lecturer who has lately been visiting New- - South Wales, on leaving was presented wiih an album containing photographs of persons and places in the colony. lie closed his speech of thanks to the donors by saying, God bless you! Two citizens of Gibson, Ga., went to law about the ownership of a red roostc r, valued at 25 cents. The case was tried in a justice court, and it has now- - been taken to the superior court. The custodian of the rooster presented it to a minister, who killed and ate it. A Scotch dominie, after relating to his scholars the story of Ananias and Sapphira, asked them why God did not strike everybody-- dead who told a lie. After a long silence, one little fellow got to his feet and exclaimed: be anybody Because, sir, there left. A young Sunday school teacher was trying to impress upon her class the duty of renouncing pomp and vanities in Lent. Thinking that she was not Can any quite understood, she said: one tell me the meaning of pomp? Yes, I know, said one little girl, Its something that we have eagerly. in our backyard. The bishop of Oxford sent to wardens ill his diocese a circular of inquiries, among which was: Does your officiating clergyman preach the gospel, and is his conversation and carriage consistent therewith!' The church warden at Wallingford replied: He preaches the gospel but does not keep a carriage. A Georgia gentleman, who makes a living poisoning rats and tanning dogs hides, advertises for a wife. lie frankly describes his charms as consisting principally of a bald head and a cork leg. As he has an income of only from $3 to $5 per week, he must be a student of Edward Atkinson's system of. domestic economies. boot-jack- ? wind-storm- the-churc- h , |
