Show 0 T I mm i rt 4 i i mm jm 6 t Jr tt Ii t Itt t 1 m om I it tt i 1 Ml t 1 f t 1 1 ALL ABOUT WORK woi AND AND WAGES IN THE TWO I C AN OUR GREAT RUSSIAN R A EMPIRE EH IRE JJ 1 J I Ito j to 0 t y J o 1 l a ll 1 1 t I 1 I of he Desert News bj Frank G Carpenter Copyright Cop 1303 1003 by Frank 0 O Carpin tel UNI or ur later the will be our In the mar markets N of or I and Alia Allu They ni rater re resources sources than any other coun country try outside the United Slates and nOli by far Car th he largest t num number ber tJ r of oe white They wll will work for Cor less than un l except t Japan CAP eR and Kait Indians ihm fhI m 1 now i of or In the Ih Hii un and 1111 of oC HP moie H n II ion 1 iIO 1 of oe tho MaIlle products are Iro turned out l h y tho who lIu till the land in the nummer lImm r and divot th nit s to trades t li 11 the winter Our ll lie In Mix III x months of ot the year More thun O KuMian fur morn devote doto the tho COM weather to inside work making thing to sell 11 which bring them In 11 un annual profit of 5 O leaving their home or neglecting their fui ma Then figures lire uie Riven ghen mv me by hy byth th government officials and may mw be hI rI I upon an as work ark lu been n on for tor yrs and ind it II ho hll In building up UI a II flues III K of oC skilled who tan 1111 turn furn out 1 l fur tur th same 11 mr ih iti other In III Europe in in IP with and heat beit Amer Amert d t i 11 i rn him hilI is Take our OUI shoes for fOl Photographed for the Now s by Frank 0 Carpenter M j I j I o I I RUSSIAN FARM HANDS WHO WORK FOURTEEN HOURS A DAY belong to the Ih laboring classes The tell fac factory tory tor hands art aro steadily KJul there am aill tens of ot millions who vho work at their homes hOllies I nUl lI An enormous amount ot or house hOUll Indue 8 II Is 18 dune done hele Hundreds of ot artl ties tlell now noli sold lold nt at the toll were made mad In thatched hut Many j e In some ROm districts here calf calt calfskin skin liT rc made Inalle no 1 that they the can be Bold olt at lit for 45 lr n figure which 1 out vor om Out U fa Ill oy nl EI The work done one In th the Is III of ot every Cry description In som district they the make and nil A II kinds I nf or cabin has hal ltd Jl little lilt Ie I 0 A r rl d t l K to m v m m l r It o i I i i I o i t 0 i OJ tit ml m t o Z Zt l t The Tho Enormous House Industry of the tho Russian Farmers Which i f Nets Millions n Year A Look tt at tho Big Factories and the t ti i Cooperative Associations Girls WorK W for Fifteen Cents a Day h And Men and Women Va men at From 5 to 10 a Month How tho i Russian Live The Now New Lubor Laws and Laborers i i Pensions I j i m l i I til um ii 1 m m W 6 I it j t m it m t tt t t hop and tho man work away AlVa M It mall product each day Here In thou and of ai Uti wood wooden en which ore In Kurop and In III different of ot Aila Alia They The the tho and carve catle mid paint them from furnished by byth h hI th I h Hu II nt I ak morp morr i iii IO and of ot aio 1110 ex exported poi ported led to und to and welt weft weltA Asia AsiaIn A II In MX I 1 1 of ot Kuula th i mi ILl thill like h hn n ti h i more than i d j i of f i 11 c r u PHI Some ot of Ih ii n 11 c i in I line mid nud other c e Unfit ii in If I The 1 II antl uit V 1 it t ohm for to I ii I i Ire Ir s un I and every everyn cerIi n Ii him marl moie or len 1 d donn th front The out ro t 01 tins kird to I 1 i 1000 Kill 11 ll i J Mi 1 I hol von some t I i nn foi fol MU I hi if U at the fair Calr fairn n i irp ir id of DC the limit wool wi MJ I f md HI En Hi ha it 1 jou OU cm la n draw u Ii IiII 1 II l 1 H 1114 bis bl ii It 1 IJ J Wilt a ai 1 I i Hup In t I have don till lid it 1 II t bought UCh n I i day Ii for 1 Irs 8 than 5 fhe are RIt made l 1 the women of ot Oi and are wM lId all over oel the tho em alii 1 I 11 iI rn r DIP district tIt the people make sho shoel They The turn out pain ot or boots every try jear end It In III p that there are IO OO d m III that industry In another there therl me lire Si DOO more morl und in annual value alu of or the tho thol l 1 1111 made In III more than 1 in ar In Moscow who nho the winter Ilk and like Oi iO who are ar engaged In car and ASSOCIATIONS of theN farmer and a 1111 farm binds have cooperative They dub together to ether and build little fac tOI In their which they the lit ut lathes lathe engine and other ma ilia Sometimes they Ih borrow horrow the putting In a tell few dollars each ut t th I rl and s co away awa to 10 work ork foi COI It II After Arter the factory la Is lai i bh d they labor there during dining Hi Ih winter months and nt lit the cloo cloe the profits In III Rome Kome such establishments along Volga cheap jewelry U Is made Fifty make a n speciality of oC It manufacture earrings bracelets lock lockets elM ets and rings thorn They make ropper and brass Jen dry and chip It to Asia Tho product Is enor enormous Thero many mallY thousandth on leonn or the pictures of ot cut Iut cutout out of ot metal and painted lire found In every home They lell for tor a 1 few tew cent to many dol dollar lar are arf exported to 10 ill i 1 the Greek church hn a 1 There arc arl orn In printing others color lithographs nd make mke boxes box ell of ot paper macho en enamel amel them There Thet Is ono one town where n n no noo o wall Ic an turned out and where they ther make little looking co 1 cheaply that 1000 cnn lIn be mild at Je for tor 20 and leave the Oil manufacture A of ot about U In the thu am village morA wares are Ing pier Hut I 1 might nil 1111 poi paper r with the dif different ferent terent articles made In III hum HS IS Thuy The every In from to ma mn machinery chinery and tho Iho nf lit manu manufacture facture must b be Into lion by IJ the who are Ie uh Ing the Inva lon LOW IrS TUB TIlE fOld o low thaI thit the are until It la III i 1 lion of or law material the co t nUll In Mine of ot th Ih tlona men women children work from da light to dark ami it Ie h a few Cew cents ft R day lIay In h n h ll lied d Take fake look lock nir thou HI I of ot them Mild and in ruin alone the locks In J 1 1 a 1 ear Horne Borne aie 10 no o cheap t t they IIII for Clr U 18 a and othera no dear that they ther are oath each rth 1250 The latter are Ite door locks Ii 1111 rinn A a al l ell when you turn them X n en Ill in lock making u II im IliP II I R II than i n a w week k and if on m mIn frO frOIn In a II winter willi or ho does well make about rii Da no and weavers 1811 Along the Volga there of ot women who weave nil Ing a million pounds lounds of hemp ivl oth other er ef raw material every year Ihy ih libor on farm In tho r i 10 o othis this work lorl In III the tho winter will tor Their aver ai ng are arc about 10 tonta per while the children who help them theman an n find to get 6 C G or 7 tt nt t tIN IN 10 TIlE THE Did mo V Y hlll the tho past a 11 n nr T i cr of at biff factories hu IIII hen hIo hod In Hussla The who II In III their 10 o n I extent ex lent skilled and It but little time to teh them to The elul t l If tt II fl flIs Is lf nn III abundance of ot lilot laLor md Hd nl al th Industrial are Ir Ft fI ha hns a R city It has iron froll of Jt nil k nd Warsaw lw has hall nov abolt t thre of ot a II million I who 11 engaged In textile text III m tries and a II great cotton rutton town lown of ot I Hussla Is now faster Caster than Ihan any town In the tho United States I It wv n village villa go only a II few 1101 I It had about a n hundred I In 1890 nov nOI It MS 1 mote limit till eo that many mall I L for tor shipment to all 11 parts of It linum and to Siberia T li ill and Persia has now no great i and woolen loolen mills It hilI h In 11 Its textile fac torlef more mol n ft II nIl something like looms employing more than hands There arc engaged In III dyeing bleaching and printing al almost almost most of oe a II million em on un alone There Are half hair H 1 million employed ed In mining and smelting and that number In making food There 11 men n In the th Iron work worl and antl thousands at work In III the oil fields J IV IN mISSIA Within the tho pant tow faw years the Hili and Americans Americana have hao been e In III Hu Ut to 10 Hut Ihl tut lit and to take advantage of ot tUH lII cheap labor laor The country IR II o olen n to 10 foreign tor capital antI and many of ot the fur elm ments are making money I have spoKen en ell of ot tho nil and tholo of ut the tho New York Air 11 Brakes Drak company The Iho Co 0 hIlS electrical works In III youth ila Iia and of ot our manufacturers will likely lItel establish planta on account of at the HIP present the States which can be he avoid nold avoided ed by hy making tile the Roods here I am told that American capital will bo he wel welcomed romed and that It II will hao havo every eory ad advantage vantage VaniA lIe by b the thu natives roil TWO AN noun HOllI The WOI in the Kussian Husian aro 2 cents cent an hour and upwards Thore Ther are thousand who work for tor n 11 nn hour hl lIr and tens lenH of ot thousands who Iw do not receive 30 cents a day for tor 10 0 II 11 and mote more hours work 1 I have hae mo i iome some ome given by h the order of ot Mr Ir the tho Hussion minister of ot finance They state that In the two great Indus Industrial Industrial trial provinces of lit and Mos Moscow cow COIl the thc men on Oil the average earn from frum to 10 53 S a n month This bo lie U UI 2 a I week or 33 cents n day da get et a 11 month or about per week and boys of ot 16 M n month or ai teas lesl than 15 16 cents a 1 day children me paid as liS low loll as U S a month or to 0 a n week about 8 cents a I day tIll In general It Is reckoned that the thc wages of ot a II woman should be those of ot a n girl or boy of at 16 or 17 11 one halt those of ot ofa a n child the wages of at a II man manThis This ThIll U Is In central HII The are a n little higher In St Petersburg l and In the west and but they the are low lower or er In III the east especially alone the Volga The Th highest wages lire are paid In the en engineering machine shops the tho average Is 1250 a month for tor n day In the textile Industries men get ct less than Ihan IS S per month and women about n out S the th woolen hands hand re reo more than those In cotton colton In III the thi silk mills women re receive roo about 51 35 36 a week ek and men on the average not flot more than per although some Rome skilled laborers on vel velvets vets etH and brocades have as ns much as 53 3 a 0 week There Ther arp hands In III the sugar mills their wages average 53 9 a 11 month Underground coat coal miners get about 3 a II week Iron miners a 1 lit litlie I lie less The nl I that the wages In the th petroleum fields arc comparatively high the average for tor all HII workers worker being lers lell than 12 month monthly ly Iy while farm hands taking the thc sta statistics tn for tor the I t 15 years ron have re 1 1 j 1 1 I I 1 c III on the 10 o nt a 1 d 11 fur lur planting In seed limn Anti and SI 31 c i I at with I work wink wn Willi nut plentiful these l are ara Ih p PI pIn In tn whit men 11 women and children u uto to 10 1 If who have a natural Intel Inte K gence nce aa a great t us our own anti and wl wi when educated are am the full tull Quills equal W In white all 1111 world over NO DAY There Is I no dOY In IM HI IMla SiR la On Un tho government work the In la provide that the day must not eue beyond 11 hours not counting the i I and on Saturday and InrI days daYI t I lure fure holidays not more than 10 0 hou Daytime In l reckoned here as al from 5 ni RI to U I p 1 in those who work night mutt be loe kept working moie tin th 10 hours out of ot the 34 n In all ca CB where the working time exceeds hours R II Ihre mint be I one of ot not lean Ie than an 1111 hour Men Ien c make con for tor more than 11 1 hours If It they and on the farms hours and mote more Is I not uncommon AV mi mn n und children lire are not nol allowed work Hi III night In th tho Iron hUn work a R thoy aw alf toOL tol In the mines uil HOW TIfE LIVE The Am American n workman who j 1 10 JO 20 or more times an a much the will ask how men cnn II on uch wages Thy They cannot In o 0 Muse of ot living The houses of or many them ore IU little better bettel our although at al some of or the t people live rent tree free in homes home by lor their In the of DC Ic cow Ji 7 per cent of ot the ll n Midi houses while only 26 I hR their own homes homeR a alow low uric our average more every day th would kitt that of uC the average a laborer Ills staple fool Coo l Is rye r t lir and soup IOU II He has lias little me meIl It Il him more than 2 Ipek ceU md lIel 0 O keep him for tor i ov QI more I ns li I Hussla during the when millions of at I hael to 10 be ho f I fat at the Ihl possible po cost I visit Isil one Dill works where lal laler er erH wore were Icing boarded at lit on nn avero cost ent of ot 9 II cents c n day and for this en on got ol four toUl meals two hot two ro o oJ livery J Ien lorn tour four pounds bread br n lay day ho hall a II soup of ot u tl pound of at moat ment and n II nv v ami mush This was i I Indeed I was told tl II thousands n 8 were tell fed on halt tr It amount AND IT II Within the last tell few years ears the gu nt has been enacting laws the Ihl laboring boring III men It has liaa 1 that all 1111 factories and h to hospitals und give HIM III eal for tor their workmen Th aio labor pensions and lalor e i for tor death and accidents Th Tharo aro also mutual labor Insurance coi for tor permanent one or two companies The Ih factory laws were revised teI In IS the working hours for tor worn wom and children were limited Now i In es have to tf be paid In cash h n there no such uch things an as store I ders factory stores An IT 1 cannot dismiss bin hili workmen co cot t to hili contract with them and can inflict fines only according to 10 t I rules rulla of ot tin t t labor department large outside the towns hn to provide free baths soho Aid for tor their people II ople and n tl who mistreats his hili men ran calt fined nn d on tile other hand hantI tho men c bo punished for tor striking without caU If It an employer Ills jils f t may mRY close his factory a II III I I I 1 1 1 I I lay II nu lit litOW OW aid ml nIl Ill III bo boot of ot ofin J in WH md 11 He Heirs fl irs Fl irsa Fla Flat a at Nil III IM III 10 ral ralan III an In InI m I 14 It o 0 to ml nIl at nt rt fl flu at u ive mr lur lit 11 he IIIi nit lilt un en i ier ir nt an inn An Hit d I it it I elx Ix ne e fed 1 ted tedor tI or orICO 1 ICO tC ich ch cht chor id t idor or orre re Je Iso IbO for lut int IOl IOlI N IV IVor I or I lod ed I III nil II I dl 11 I ero IC UC IC ere re iri ii tY tYco y yIgO IgO co 6 len en lenall all 11 ml nil or II II I ho he hehu Ihu hu Ml 11 ivo e OIA my n be loe benn nn nil ire Ill I Iho Iho ho I Ind ind nd i ti 61 i it i 4 nut him hi Jail 10 o that ther tho Iho law fl aiu 11 fair aIr Unsaid JIBB fewer tew r strikes Ulan round le Hi H labor I II not organised an ilK anoura oura In III Anti It will be a Ii long Ion I time b be fore forI the unions hay have tUe there I that th they y lave Dave In 0 r i man i 0 O rAIU coa is 1 A of or South t r Is I tho 1 owner of or a remarkably rel mart called wn 1 I u wair nt about two IWO yean 18 old olt Mid lift f alway a been a great reat pet In tn the hold About alx Ix we w k ka ago o a brood o 0 I WM u hatched th mother dy 41 ing loon oon at ont one bo in into to t In the orphans and Ind took them In hili At I Ita III owner was wu afraid ha he would In Injure jure JurI them he would bark and our ry 1 on 80 o that ho hI WA 1111 at loot Jut the tho I whole holt charge of at them unit and lit 1111 jo joy knew nn no No trang r t touch hl hi n adopted children and Hit II dav dayh lif them from plate late to tel place all over the II If It on CUle qt 01 them happen to 10 wander off a hort dl pelt from ho reat relt h he U I until It In h buik again Ac At night the little J And a Ing III Mace In Sunbeam a co oat t |