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Show or roadside common tramp is not a popular or inHis apteresting person. pearance is usually unpreposy sessing, his honesty is not above suspicion, and his Ltaste for work has passed into a verb. Police and public alike eye Fjjn suspicious dislike, as he touches along the highroad. off by a bar-rle- r The tramps, thus cut of dislike from communion with their more respectable have been forced, in sheer to aid and assist one another. There is no particular bond between tramp and of sympathy self- -' tramp; but the necessity for preservation compels the members of HE fre-nentl- fellow-creature- self-defenc- e, this strange jjd work-hater- fraternity to s stances permit and no pursuit ia attempted, he affixes to the farm a sign setting forth the facts. At certain times of the year, however, particularly at such busy sea one as seedtime and harvest, farmers can often do with the temporary services ef unskilled, men, and when tramps offer themselves they are frequently taken on. A tramp who has fallen upon a place of this sort sketches on some convenient fence a sign, which means, practically, Food and money here if you care to work. As many tramps have a rooted objection to manual labor, it is not all of them who bail this sign with Joy. of wayfarers to a the most int- certain extent. One of eresting forms which this takes is the silent, hut none less powerful, medium of a the sign-languag- whereby any member of the Built far Camparatively Little A beautiful home is not necessarily matter of , lavish expenditure of money with the modern principals of Imitative art governing the production of art, metal and stone work and with the assistance of the wonderrui woodworking machinery we are enabled to reproduce from original designs results that a few years ago would have been thought of only by the wealthy. Yet you secure the same results, the sublime purity of the designs, the lack of any attempt at undignified ornamentation, the fascinating repose of the simple outline, have a quiet, restful, homelike feeling that at once enraptures us in admiration of the taste and appreciation of the beautiful. This is a square plan, yet a most beautiful, dignified and Chaste elevation. The first story of buff Voman brick in white mortar and buff stone brotherhood, following in the steps of a pioneer, may learn what fate has In store for him in the way of good or bad luck at the various places he visits. The writer was recently privileged to have this curious explained to him by a venerable nd grizzled member of the tramp aide of hot water heat and plumbing, to cure all cases of ingrowing nail Necessiay for Drainage. without recourse to the knife. He was ever a year whea the If there flat a as With follows: probe proceeds Art and Athletics. or a match he slips a bit of cotton be- advantages of good drainage were The universally Increasing attention tween the edge of the nail and the manifest it Is this year, especially in inflamed flesh. Another atrip of cot- the territory bordering on the Great now being given, especially in where rains have been very to countries, sports ton is put along, the- outer margin of Lakes, and to physical culture is a sign of the nicerated area and the space be- copious during the past two months. the best omen. No class can have tween these two strips of cotton, and In the vicinity of Chicago many of a greater solicitude for the further- which is occupied by the ulcer, is the mar t gardens are this year ance of this movement than the art- thickly powdered with nitrat'd of lead. made unprofitable by reason of lack ists, for they cannot create beautiful The whole is covered with cotton and of drainage. Most plants cannot grow forms without having beautiful forms the toe is bandaged. The dressings with their roots Immersed in water. around them from which to draw in- are repeated the following day, and The plants that are cultivated for spiration, says a writer in Outing. every day until the incarcerated edge food are at a standstill In growth The art of a nation is a mirror of of the nail is plainly visible. Then, while the water stands at the level of that nations ideals, and faithfully re- with patience, the edge of the nail ia the ground. Not ill the water has flects their slightest change. The new lifted away from the flesh and a bit settled in the soil to some distance to conception of the value of athletics of cotton is introduced under it to below them is it possible for them of will add dignity, interest and standing, keep It up. As it grows it will gradu- resume their normal condition making it a factor second to none in ally take its proper position above the growth. Around Chicago, on the level the development of our civilization. flesh, this having meantime shrunk lands devoted to truck growing, the water has been standing for a month past. The vast fields of ga den vegetables seen on them are to a large extent spoiled. An immense amount of 13,800. Anylo-Saxo- - work and manure Las been expended on ixe fields, but no returns are possible Yet proper drainage would make the rains a blessing. Land should be so well drained that water will not stand at all, but will leave the soil in a usable condition a fe r hours after evc the heaviest rains. When lands are not drained not only do the plants stop growing while the soil is water logged, but the fields cannot be tilled for days afterward. The soil remains soft and soggy so long that no crop can be properly tended. The land needs attention, especially after the surface has been packed by heavy rains. If the land is in a condition to pass the surplus water into underground drains the surface can be cultivated in a comparatively short time after the rains have fallen. We have no doubt that fields near Chicago the water-covererepresent the condition of thousands of planted fields in the states bordering the lakes. It seems strange that after so long campaign in favor of draining there should exist such large areas still undrained, especially areas that are devoted to the growing of expensive and profitable crops. The writer has year after year noticed the fields on one farm where water works fcivoc. Sometimes the fields of this farm' are planted in corn and sometimes in potatoes, but during every year there are seasons when the crops stand in the water for weeks at a time. The natural inference is that even when the water drains from the surface it remains so near the surface that little can be expected in the way of crops. And little is realized in the way of crops. The wonder is that any man should .continue to plant on such land. Drainage helpB In both rainy and dry weather, but Is especially necessary in rainy weather. sign-langua- fraternity an interesting old ruffian that he had been who confessed s and tramping the for the last forty years, during which period he had done about a fortnights honest work. .The signs have the merit of being easily made; a piece of chalk or whiting and a handy wall or fence sre ail that is required. When made they are quite unintelligible to the high-road- layman, by-wa- and look very like the meani- ngless scrawls of school children, who have purloined a fragment of the teachers chalk. That the marks are will be not meaningless, however, abundantly proved by the following illustrations, which were prepared un-- . der the supervision of my tramp friend. The members of the fraternity not as a rule,, artistically gifted, the marks are distinguished by their absolute simplicity. There is no sign which cannot be drawn in an instant by the most unskilled hand. Take, for instance, the first sign we reproduce here. This shows a simple circle, drawn on a wall, and yet if conveys to the eye of the initiated tramp No good the unwelcome information: being, Get Out of This Village as Quickly as You Can. Money, by the way, is usually indicated in the by tiny circles, but as tramps do not often receive money ths sign is not much used. If anything could dash a tramps hopes it is the sign we have Just For this sign tells the footsore tramp that his journey has bqen more or less in vain; that he will meet with nothing but unkindness in the village; and that the best thing he can do is to drag his tired limbs onwards to some other and more hospitable hamlet For the pioneer tramp tells us here: Get out of this village as soon as you can; there is nothing any good to be got here. What could be more depressing after a long days journey? ' There are several other signs in the tramp language, most of them more intricate than the foregoing and some of them not well, known, but we have contented ourselves with telling about the signs most commonly used by the fraternity of the road. sign-langua- dis-cribe- Telescope to Start a Land Boom. Prof. Turner declares that the erection of the observatory on Mt. Hamilton sent up the value of land in that Accordingly, considerably. region some enterprising gentleman in another neighborhood, desiring to test the generality of the law that if a large telescope were built the value of land in the neighborhood would go up, announced a still larger teldiscs escope, and ordered two at glass for the lens.L The experiment succeeded admirNo Good to Call Here. were so well satisfied to call here. Some other tramp has ably and they happened along thlB way, has called vith the rise- in price which followed at this farm house with a modest re- cu the mere announcement (so the quest for food or money, and has been story goes), that they considered it Therefore he has left be- unnecessary to proceed further with repulsed. hind him a warning to any fellow-tram- p the instrument The two lenses were produced, and, who may be on the same road. not being claimed,, were left on the And Weary Willie gives the inhospitable dwelling a wide berth. makers hands, the result being that We have seen that a plain t circle the favorable opportunity for the puris an omen of evil to the tramp. In- chase was brought to Mr. Yerkes atrefusal of tention, and he bought them for the dicating a his gentle pleadings and the possible great telescope that bears his name. firing-ou- t of himself from the farmThis, at least, is Prof. Turners verIf, sion of the story. San Francisco Aryard by some indignant owner.however, a large cross be inserted In gonaut the circle, then the sign tells a very different story a story which sends Wrecked by Magnetic Sand. Its travel-stainereader hurrying up In the district of Stavanger, in the the path to the back door. For now southwestern part of Norway, there is it reads: The people here will give a place called Jaederen, a flat strip of you food." And your genuine tramp coast less than a mile long, which is e never declines food that is to be bad notorious for shipwrecks, says Now a Norwefor the asking unless it be a pie (April 22). made by the diplomee gian physicist has discovered that the ,of the cookery school. sand of Jaederen Is strongly magnetic, The tramp is not always allowed owing to an admixture of magnetic to approach and leave a house or iron ore. He found, also, that at a farm In peace. As I have before re-- distance of three miles froip the shore a ships compass showed a deviation of a whole degree from its true position. The cause of the numerous shipThe wrecks, therefore, is obvious. writer suggests that this effect on the compass may have originated the old stories of the destruction of vessels by magnetic mountains, although these stories seem to have been current before the compass was in common use. - h "... stony-hearte- d trimmings. The second story, old oak It will be a mighty influence in the timbered work, with buff cement pa- creation of a new and superior typo nels corned. The roof is of red Span- of men and women. That women are ish tile. The hall and three main growing more and more to realize this rooms are finished in mahogany with is evidenced by the athletic tendency d of the modern girl. If she will comwood mosaic floors. The walls are and decorated In oil; divans, bine therewith an intelligent effort and harmonious book cases, buffets, etc., built in; sec- after ond story finished in native hard development, the results are bound to be satisfying in the extreme. . woods. water beat hot art and Plate glass, Cure for. Ingrown Nail. and modern plated plumbing. As good Tardlf says that he has been able as a house can be built, complete out- bur-lappe- d d -- and shriveled by reason of the application of lead nitrate. A Queer TesL An old lady applied at a registry office for a maid. I want a- little girl, between years of age, eighteen and twenty-tw- o who is fond of mushrooms. Fond of mushrooms? inquired the That is something I never agent inquire about from my applicants. I dont Understand. Well, I am very fond of mushrooms myself, and there are so many mistakes made. The idea came to me several years ago, and it was a dispensation of Providence that It did, or I should have been killed. I make my maid eat a portion of all mushrooms brought to my house before any are served to me. I always reI quire it," replied the old lady. have lost two excellent maids from toadstools during the last five years, and, of course, I could pot think of taking the risk of eating mushrooms unless I had a maid to test them. - d Decline of German Jews. ir Koklheftfr, nlrtflm nj Jan-Tni- fnvif poor. L newly-marrie- Wanted to Know. Congressman Bingham is telling about the handsome and popular wife of a senator who has been well to the fore in Washington affairs since last December. Mrs. Senator was recently accosted at a fashionable reception by an overdressed, affected woman, the wife of a western lobbyist, and asked: Have We met before? Your face seems familiar to me. I do not think weve met, replied Perhaps Mrs. Senator graciously. youve seen my pictures. There have been many of them in the magazines People Here Will Give You Food. marked, his appearance Is usually distinctly against him, and some of the species have an awkward habit of annexing little unconsidereJ trifles which come in tbeir way. Moreover, farmers suspect them of an unhappy penchant for sleeping in stacks and accidentally setting them on fire. Hence it is that poor Weary William is as often as not forcibly ejected from the premises or else driven off by some ferocious watch dog. When this fate happens to a tramp be is in duty bound to do his best to prevent his comrades from walking into the same trap. Therefore, if clrcum- - FgliN'ookJA? &w)fbc,; during the winter. The case ef this creature during the winter seems to Which to me, therefore, sleep long and soundly or starve. During the winters sleep FACTS ABOUT WOODCHUCKS. Prefer Hillside or a Knoll In Dig Their Dene. Perhaps no wild mammal is more the familiar, to country people than meawoodchuck. Every hillside and dow is dotted with the small piles of earth which mark the doorway to his home. The woodchuck prefers a hillside or a knoll in which to dig his recently. Thats it! exclaimed the stranger. hole, for here he can easily make the Ive seen you in the magazines. And end of his den higher than the beginbeI want you to tell me, if you will, is ning, thus avoiding the danger of that soap you Indorse really as good ing drowned out. more unlike in genWhat could be as you say it is? eral appearance than a woodchuck and both a squirrel? Yet they are cousins, mamEasy Enough. , Mr. Harry de WIndt, in his book. belonging to the same family of Finland As It Is, tells of a mot of mals. The trim body, sharp claws and make it possiAndree, the Arctic explorer. Just be- agility of the squirrels arboreal life, an lead to to was driven he them for last ble voyage fore his by r Jumping recklessly from branch to distraction at a dinner-partbranch, while the flabby form end talkative neighbor. ' But how will you know, professor, short legs of the woodchuck better for running when you have really crossed the adapt him for digging than North Pole? was one of many silly or climbing. woodThe nature of the food of the questions. cannot up lay he that such Is Oh, that will be simple enough, chuck stores as the chipmunks do, nor is it madame, replied Andree, with hi can be obtained dry humor. A north wind of such a kind that It one! will become a south y well-know- n statistical return of the religions professed in the German Empire, based on the census of 1900, has recently been issued. It appears that the number of Roman Catholics has increased in a greater proportion than the number of Protestants, while the A or hibernation life processes go on very slowly. Breathing is reduced, and the heart beats become bo slow and feeble that they cannot be felt They come from their winters sleep about March 1 in New York. Country Life In America. Others Could Smoke. A dignitary of the Scottish Episcopal church who enjoys his pipe had comfortably installed himself in an empty smoking compartment of a railway carriage. At a station near a fishing village the door Was opened by a fishwife. The clergyman, wishing to be alone, said to her, very civilly: This is a smoking compartment, a remark to which she paid no attention. Thinking she was probably deaf, he repeated the remark In a londer tone. By this time the woman had taken the creel from her shoulder and .was pushing it into the carriage. Still no notice was taken. For the third time, and in huite a stentorian voice he shouted the same intimation. , increase in Judaism as compared with the Christian professions has been very small. The Protestants numbered 35,231,104 in 1900, as against 31,026,810 in 1890, or an Increase of 13.6 per cent; while the Catholics numbered 20,327,913 in 1900, as against 17,674,921 in 1890, or an increase of 15 per cent The number of professing Jews has only Increased from 567,884 to 586,948, which gives a percentage of 3.4. Of every 1,000 persons In the German Empire 625 are Protestants, 361 Catholics, 10 Jews, and 4 of different or undetermined religious creeds. man suspects every A dishonest honest man he encounters. The woman made no reply, but got Into the carriage, and, taking a pipe from her pocket, she filled it with strong twist tobacco, lit it, and, looking to the clergyman, said: Ye thocht naebody cud smoke but yersel, my bonnle man. Safe With a History. The famous Humbert safe passed along the boulevards yesterday- - and attracted considerable attention. It was removed from the Hotel Dronot on a dray drawn by three horses, adorned with flowers, ribbons and bells, and was conveyed to the residence of its purchaser. A large band of calico stretched over the vehicle bore the inscription, This is the 100,000,000 franc safe while on the safe itself a of the lapln pose par Mme. Humbert had been roughly sketched In chalk. The men in charge did not appear to be in a great hurry. Perhaps they had been instructed to make the best possible use of the opportunity offered for cheap advertisement, but in any case they made frequent halts at taverns, while an admiring crow'd surrounded the dray. Paris Dally Messenger. n An Asparagus Pest. A bulletin of the Geneva station says: In 1896 many asparagus plant were found to contain, just below the surface of the ground the little flaxseed-like bodies which form one stage In the life history of some of the flle like the Hessian fly. Adults have now been raised from these flaxseeds and found to be small, metallic-blac- k flies about of an inch In length. They are found to be quite common on the flowers and branch-let- s of the asparagus, especially on plants that have been eaten into by the asparagus beetle. The maggots, or larvae, of these flies are about one-fifof an Inch In length, somewhat flattened and of a transparent-whit- e color. They are found in mines in the asparagus stems, just beneath the epidermis, the mines usually beginning near the surface of the ground and extending diagonally downward about the stem below ground for a distance of three or four inches. On seedling beds and newly set beds, the mining of these maggots has caused some Injury, especially during 1900; but no serious trouble has been observed on. cutting beds, though they are prob- ably numerous enough to cause some weakening of the plants. The seedlings turned yellow and died much earlier than they would naturally do. The maggots changed to puparia the flaxseed stage in the fall and show on the infested stems as email, raised spots beoblong,' neath the epidermis of the stalks near the base. Though the Insect is not yet a serious pest, it will be well to adopt some repressive measures should it appear upon a bed. The eggs of the first brood are probably deposited early in June, so no small shoots should be allowed to grow on the cutting beds to receive these eggs. Pulling the old stalks in the fall and burning them when dry will destroy many of. the puparia. one-sixt- h ' th dark-brow- -- Harvesting Potatoes. The time for harvesting pot oes Is Indicated by the dyinj of the vines. The ripening process in the tubers ' goes on up to thi ; time, and it is therefore not wise to attempt to harvest before that time. If dug while immature the quality will not be so good as It will be if the tubers are left in the ground till mature. On the 'ther hand, if left too leng in the ground decay is likely to set in. We have known potatoes lett in the fields too long till he ground froze too hard to permit of digging. This is not likely to occur, but has occurred some years when winter came very eariy. The man with a small patch ot potatoes will dig his by hand but the man that has a large quantity to be harvested cannot afford to do It In the way. He must depotapend on some of the first-clas-s to diggers that are on the market. Dr. Gernaults Experiment. Plowing out the tubers Is practiced by Some time ago we told our readers some farmers, but this is hardly a deof the experiment being made by Dr. sirable method, as by it a great many Gernault of Paris to demonstrate to potatoes are injured. It is better to the world the correctness of the the- Invest In a tool made expressly for ory of Dr Koch that tuberculosis the work. was not transmissible from animal to man. The physician named declared American Packing Bad. that he had the utmost confidence In The State Department has published Dr. Koch, and to demonstrate to the the following report from Richard world that Koch was right he would Westacott, acting consul general at attempt to inoculate himself with the London: I have recently received a virus of bovine tuberculosis. This he communication from W. E. Boyes, of did, applying the vaccine to one arm. Leicester, chairman of the conference The result has been that the arm oi of the National Federation of Fruitthe experimenter now contains sev- erers, at Cardiff, May 12 and 13, 1902, eral of the deadly tubercles, and the transmitting a copy of a resolution victim announces himself as fully conadopted by the federation, which vinced that bovine tuberculosis Is reads: This federation wishes to call deman. The doctor to transmissible attention to the unsatisfactory clares cheerfully that he expected to your way in which American apples are lose his life as a result of the experipacked, and asks if it is not possible ment, but that his death will save the for you to adopt the same system as lives of others, who would otherwise Canada, and have all the apples graded have relied on the theory of Dr. Koch and stamped with the government that the disease possessed by cattle stamp. By so doing, you will largely and known as tuberculosis is not increase the demand for beBt quality, transmissible to man. The doctor and, consequently, the price of Ameriwill attempt to save his life by having can fruit Canadian apples are now bis arm amputated, but the question graded and stamped with the governwill then be confronting him as to ment stamp, and for all barrels sent how far the disease has penetrated out without the stamp the sender is life' his system. If he lives he declares he ble to a fine of 91 for each barrel. will spend much time warning the people of the danger from this disWinter Protection of Strawberries. ease, which some are accustomed to In the case of strawberries It Is not treat so lightly. The war against tu- the that does the injury. On berculosis Bhould be pushed. Every many'reezing soils, especially clay, when th person that has cows should ascertain ground freezes all night and tbawi whether or not they are affected. The the next day under the Influence ol people that use milk from unknown the bright sun, the ground contracts cows should sterilize it In our and expands, and thus heaves th should be creameries the skim-milup, pulling the roots loose plants to back sent pasteurized before being which weakens nem. Now u. wc place the farms. some coarse litter over tne plants merely to shade them from the sun Hill or Level Culture. to prevent thawing during the day? Under perfect conditions of soil as and the frost comes cut very slowly, relates to drainage level cuture is no injury can result The plant must best But there is so. littlv land v aere have air for its foliage even if frozen: the conditions of drainage are perfect solid, hence, any heavy, dense mass that some hilling is necessary. So like manure will smother and injure our forefathers were not far wrong 1L The strong ammonia washing when they hilled up everything. In down from manure is very bad for their day drainage of any kind was the foliage, and it should never be unusual except such as was given by placed directly on the plants, but it surface ditches. When the corn was may serve a good purpose in conservhilled up a natural drain was left by ing moisture between the rows. Light the removal of the dirt This condi- chaff, straw, or marsh hay may be tion helped matters every time there used. R. M. Kellogg. was a freshet The man that has a The Gardeners Friend, the Toad. heavy soil that has no artificial drainage must bill or ridge up to save bis From Farmers2 Review: While crop In the case of a heavy fall of not an object of beauty, the bumble water. Even though the land be high toad will the most fastidious or rolling a heavy soil needs some gardener's please eye If he will watch toady treatment of this kind. Clayey hill- at work of an evening. If one Is very sides hold water to such an extent in his supquiet the toad will that crops are often lost from too per of Insects before gather the onlooker, and much water. The usual inference is the number of these pests that are reIs that the drainage good because quired to toad's appetite is there is a slope. This is a mistake, more than satisfy a few. If they do any as heavy clay holds water for a tery harm at ail, we have never discovered long period unless there be means for what it was, and we do know they drawing it away from beneath. In do an amount of good, so dont destroy case of heavy clay on a hillside being any of them. We have the children underlaid with "ravel or sand we have bring into the garden all toads they a condition that may be counted as an find in the byways, and as it is selexception. Where the land is sandy dom one gets accidentally destroyed of course- - level culture may be folare quite numerous. they unless are there lowed, obstructions If one will cultivate toads around to the draining away of the water. the house the number of roaches flies will be many, less A- - tojf Water In Wood. 1 good in the cellar, too. Emm Green wood contains fully 45 per waters. cent of water, and thorough season1 ing usually expels but 36 per cent of Clay soil to do its best this fluid. 1 thoroughly pulverized. k f lb: rf |
