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Show TI- SUNDAY HERALD PROVO, UTAH. SUNDAY. OCTOBER 12. 1924 Mrf MinlMM tmm in l I The -- World-Flight-Had -- What is the -' , Urthe-pnbilmi- lnff - ( Hitherto congress has been more or less Indifferent to the pleas for extensive appropriations made by the army and navy. The aircraft devotees liave had a hard time. of it since the war. They service would hoped that the stir up Interest and make congress ap propriate money to encourage commer cial aviation.. To some extent results have been obtained. . air-ma- il r'-t- A U- &JL II Jk V v.-.. ' lW :f . r, , ... , g firkv with ' marctt these gtacter thet, Vvw Ana this part of i "V IrV western iI hemUvk, f"- Sltk I 'the rt. throw tea Into the - ple of the world the excellence of American- - products in the interest of TJur American &Iirrnrft"iiidnBtryTiB;d lastly injuring Jta the rn!ted..Stutes jthe honor of being the first nation to fly . around the world." From the viewpoint of national defense Jt nnw liiu that a; hostile nation can come across the ocean with airplanes and Zeppelins. The' air service will urge that a program of defensive aircraft be an Important .part of the military and naval expenditures of the United States The world flight has froni' now on. shown that the Atlantic and I'acific oceans are jio longer impassable barriers amllfcat Isolation is not as it was before the days of dirigibles and airplanes. tSrVr "T I " lAiXil l it llf Ecologists Ask for -- - - rapidly AvlrSsVA: 'A-- i Irrr ajv session .controlling oil pollution of coastal w liters by oil burning and oil has Congress carrying ships. ' passed the Alaskan salmon fisheries conservation bill under whlclTthe government has stopped the destruction adrtedire-TejttvWallo- n -- . Capital Pershing Is to Stay whichat wonthe of the him S OUR magnificent system I of national parks to be still farther enriched by the addition of an area In Alaska" that" embodies entirely new features? And if this extraordinary area is added, shall it be given the name of Mulr National parkl are qnestions that can be an swered only by congress. Offhand there seems no reason why It should not answer "Yea" to the Brat question. And if its answer Is Tea," the1 very first name "that would suggest Itself to nature lovers everywhere would be Mulr National park. Anyway, the Ecological Society of 'America ,has asked congress to establish a national park in the. Glacier Bay region of southeastern Alaska "for scientific research and educj Btffiyr'lhe: peruianenF use and enjoy. men t he -- people. Right here two Questions just nat What Is an urally ask themselves ecologist. And why Is he so lnter-sted- ' tcf n legion of southeastern Alaska These questions- - may be answered briefly thus; The ecologist Is a botanist with a special "bug." He ien't particularly interested in the wajf Corn grows in Illinois. The growth of a stand of pine in Louisiana gives htm no thrills. What he wants is to study plant life under abnormal conditions and .to see how nature adapts' itself to circumstances. Perhaps he may be called a botanical evolutionist The ecologist is interested in the Glacier Bay region because there an eternal warfare Is going on between the ice and the forests. A grader on its way to the sea overwhelms a forest and obliterates; It A new "forest springs up in the destruction left behind. 'Another" glacier conies along in the, course of time and again wipes out the forest, which again springs up." And so on. .The ecologist wants to see what effect all this has on the leadership (HE capital jeHL still , see Gen- - ice eralj'ershing. The dav of his American forces In the'World" war. retirement at the age of sixty-fou- Only in the rare Instances of history in accordance with .law. in which a retiring officer has reached found him busy In his office as general the highest rank, has there been .preceof the armies and chief of stuff. The dent for the honor conferred niJRn single decoration which of the scores General Pershing in the executive or"that are his, he wre on his tunic was der In which the President extended the ribbon showing that he. had, with to him "anew the thanks of the nahundreds of comrades .of the war tion for his eminent services." General Pershing's farewell to his army, been awarded a Distinguished' associates of the army was given over Service medal. he ' had- conThrough the courtesy of Secretary tlietelepDone line-aft- er Veeks the' general will continue to oc- cluded the radio address to the councupy his present offices as head of the try. Calling the roll of corps area battle monument commission. Remain- headquarters from Washington to New ing, as he will, in the War departYork, and thence to .San Francisco, ment, he will be at hand to advise with with an instant response from each, Secretary Weeks or other secretaries the general Inquired" of each major of war. general In command the result of the The last signal honor paid the defense test In his territory. " The forest general as an active soldier was the unvarying reports of success and enBotany Is, of course, a very1 old issuance of an executive announcethusiastic response brought his personal ment, by President Coolldge expressing" thanks .and congratulations. Then' he study. Solomon, yon will remember, cedar which '"spake "of trees, from-ththe nation's Indebtedness for the serv bade them farewell is. In Lebanon even nnto the hyssop that springcth out of the wall." Man early began to study the plants In his search of things to eat and for remmistress of the White House too full of dynamite to handle. With edies for his aches and pains. But history every day she reference to these rumors a personal for a long time "herbs, shrubs and there. But when Bhe letter from Mrs. Harding said: trees was all there wis to botany. "There Is no truth in the story that Linnaeus (1707-78- ) leaves, she writes It The Is reckoned the fawives of the three, predecessors of I am to write a book on 'Warren Hard-ki- ther of modern botany. Nowadays, Some as His Wife Knew Him.', President Coolldge have written, or of course, it la a science, with many are preparing to write or edit, books time later, In collaboration with an branches and many specialists which about their husbands or their own experienced biographer, I hope to pre- brings 'us" to ecology and the 'ecoloWhite House experiences. Mrs. Taft pare a biography of Mr. Harding, but gists.:- . 'has already written her memoirs. Mrs. do not know when I will, be able to Botany. -- nowadays, la thai branch ' ..Wilson, It is understood. Is engaged undertake the work," Li of the wider science of biology which Fabulous offers have been made Mrs. deals with, in editing Woodrow Wilson's letters plants.. Ecology Is" that to booK form. - And Wilson to write her story. It is under- branch of botany which deals with decoso she has far Mrs. Harding announces that, in stood, however the mutual relations between organllaboration with an experienced biog- clined, preferring to give the world isms and their' environment Ecology rapher, she will begin Warren Hard- Woodrow Wilson's own version of Imp- is again divided Into three departadministration his ortant-phases of health soon as her ing's biography as ments. One in physiological ecology, - permits.-- . inersotfaJLJettarewliIchhewrote which- - deals- - with - the study of reacPress dispatches stated recently friends and foes alike. ... A second Is tions to environment, Mrs. Mrs. Wilson's predecessor, Mrs. Harding had) been offered 1200,-00- 0 physiographic ecology, which deals by a syndicate to write "The Story Taft, still retains her with edaphic plant societies and as Toldby His leadership at the capital as the wife of Warren means "Influenced by soil conedaphk Wife," and that she had agreedjo un- of "the chief justice of the United ditions rather than by climate." The dertake It on guarantee that every States Supreme court Her book, "Rec- third Is geographic ecology, or ecologiword would be printed as written. Ac- ollections of Full Years," Is a valuable cal phytogeography, which has to do cording to report, the syndicate balked contribution to the history of the e with the leading plant foftnatlons from at this, fearing she would speak her ecutlve mansion at wall as other the climatic aspect mind npoa soma things that would be phases of official life. , r, . e Capital Recollections by the First Ladies THE g ; . social-offici- Thlidii ami'--for. p : "' : r- - Gen. Harry Taylor Is the I nw chief of engineers, U. S. A., suc- i. MaJ. Gen. II. ceeding Lansing IWarhwho. has been the Incumbent since- lft ami now retires. iGeneml Taylor has been an assistant to the chief of engineers. In charge of the civil division, since 181S. He was chief engineer A.: E. F. from May; IJ1T. to September, 1918, and has the I 8.- d - is a member- of --the of Honor. General Taylor was born In 1802 in New Hftainhire and is a graduate of the United States Military academy Englneeriag School of Ai1llctwn (1887). His engineering duties havetaken him all over the country. Until 1890 he was busy on the" Columbia river and on river and harbor worts la Oregon and Washington. - Then he put In fonr years In dtarge of the Paget sound defense works. Next, he went to the Philip pines for four years. Next he was for several years engaged on defense and other works on Long Island aoctnd. He was assistant to the chief of engl-- ' neers, 1811-1Fjtiiji then until he went to France he was In charge of the New York harbor works. , 5Tp its limits and our population will double. To protect the industry is an obligation to our own generation; to maintain. It isduty we owe to future generations.'' Congress passed a law at the last of greater Importance to the fffishefTes,lariff ffleTipper SflsSisSippi fish American people in production and and game refuge bill by which the ivelihood-than flalf dozen land rec- streams oft he iipper Mississippi will lamation schemes. And he presents be preserved for the breeding of fish some startling figures to show how and game. ':Cf f Gen. Taylor Now U. S. Chief Engineer - By JOHN DICKINSON SHERMAN preaching ion, -- Rriir. It . Is' Irish Rose" - Reservation of ft Glacier Bay Region in Alaska ft ft ft fisheries have declined in expansion s A year ago In Cliieu'co bestan a litigation suit to put a show called "Abie's Irish liose" Into (lie KtU'le-baktheater. .After a battle m the courts lasting ncrtviy a month the play was opened. Three years.. ago t'ns "samer-omedwas tinlitiiv? for breath ' In New York. Prmhu-en- i had spume4-- lt and The Fult on Useutcr in which it was exhibiting played tit empty houses. It is now playing at tlve theater to crowded houses. So single handed, hn : won out.a woman, Anne Nichols began her. i stage ciireer as an actress. For many Then Khe years she barnstormed. se "V" wrote ven pluj's Tor FTSEeTrliura.-Thewere profitable' lit a smnll way.' vr It had Its first showing In Los Angeles. After 42 weeks on, the coast It was moved to New Yofkr The eastern critics gave It a- cold 'shoulder five weeks It hovered between life With much difficulty Miss .Nichols managed to borrow enough to the emmexly in the theater 'despite the fact that all her friends said-it lidn't have chance." She whs 3t),u0 in ebt before "Able" made a nickel It was later transferred Into the Republic theater where It still Is, prwfit. J now In th third year. "fk-- their yield by more than. 70 per cent. "The fisheries are the most precious of our primary food supplies," "says Secretary Hoover. 'They will become more precious in the future. ' Our ag- - t grleulturaT "Abie-- - lf coast.Shad Anne Nichols and "r' OME -- time -- during Herbert Commerce of Secretary Hoover, who announced his intention at the annual convention of the United States Fisheries association just held . in Atlantic City. . Secretary Hoover Jioa a deflnite plan forlWS( ate "cohservatiotti He points out that the majqr problems, especial; ly those with reference to fish in coastal waters, are "not confined to a single state, but involve two or more states 'and cannot be solved except by joint Hoover's action. plan Secretary would avoid the encroachment of federal authority 08 state responsibility, and Is based .upon the constitutional "power of the' state to enter into agree- ments and compacts- with" the "consent of congress. . . The restoration of. a single great wthffPllBt E EYE -- , .'. we have been destroying and "wasting winter a slries of conferences of our fish resources. state authorities will be held to . Salmon has . disappeared entirely on the Atlantic coast and liave been consider ways and means of on the Pacific. and rehabilitating the fish re- diminished one-hasources of the coastal waters and In- The sturgeon "fisheries of the Great land streams of the United States. Lakes have declined 08 per cent In 40 called by years and are almost gone on our These conferences Will-li- -l- t I m m S.-;- Hoover Would Save Uncle Sam's Fish S 1 - -- r fr .surface-transportati- on . K I rn the ratrlct. chief of the army air service, said: "The purpose of this flight is to demonstrate the feasibility of establishing aerial communication with all the countries Of the world,, the practicability of travel by .alr.through regions doea not where exist or at best Is slow, tedious and uncertain; to prove the ability of modern types qf aircraft to operate under all climatkaJ conditions; to stimulate adaptation of aircraft to the' needs of commerce; to bring before the peo- world the American .... , .aviators?. Is it simply a ' stunt to prove the courage of the chalAmerlcail'iflylng corps! Is It lenge to the aviation personnel of other Ucount rtes T These questions no doubt have occurred to many people ss they have observed the- - progress of the trip round the world.: The answers are to be found in the experience of aviation officials in both the army and navy with congress. For no matter what phases of the flight spectacular -may be uppermost -today those interested iu developing American aviation as a military weapon as well as commercial industry are gratified beyond words at the amount of attention the exploit has m m Several Purposes MaJ. Gen, Mason M. WASUINGTON. V mI u la ' f " M.--- an Igh 1 ."r . Big words these, and ont of the But it is absurdly easy to ordinary. see what an ecologist is. . He's really a botanist who Is interested principal ly In freak plant growth under freak Now, Alaska has the largest glaciers In Hie --wort outside glona. It iso has many glaciers, 170 of them being of sufficient Importance to have received names. And Is theTpiace where they a The perform most stupendously. glacier on the northwest shore of Yakutat bay. Is larger than the whole state of Rhode lsland--abou1,500 square ..'.miles. Hubbardr "glacier extends Inshore 28 miles, with many feeders. It discharges Icebergs con tinually- from a fron Several miles long and 280 feet high. The Mulr glucler, which was dis covered by John Mulr in 1879 and bears his name, Is a tremendous thing. William Skinner Cooper, professor of botany at the University of Minne sota and chairman of the Glacier' Bay committee of the Ecological society, describes the sea front of Mulr glacier as a cliff of Ice a mile, and a half long and 300 feet high. He says: . "Every few minutes with a mighty roar, a portion of the cliff breaks away a mass equal to a high cathedral with pinnacles much resembling church spires or else a million of smaller fragments In a torrent of rushing whiteness, and another Iceberg Is born, or a whole brood of little ones. Once I saw a great" column of Ice extending the whole height ot-t- he cliff above d at least as much below separate Itself from the main mass, rise partially from the water, topple and sink in a graceful curve to the sea. A few minutes later a series of great waves rolled In at my feet a mile and a half away. "On another day I stood on a rocky point about the same, distance from the Ice cliff. For. an hour I watched It and during that Jtlme there . were 80 falls of Ice one evejyseconds that made commotion enough to be heard at that distance. Such Is the Mulr glacier today, and there are eight others to keep It company." So the Ecological Society of America, In looking for a place to study the results on plant life of eternal warfare- betweeiJce - and J. orest-- . has picked out exactly the right region. Southeastern Alaska Is highland rocky. The Alexander archipelago covers its coast line with a mnxe of Islands and channels which afford an almost continuous Inner, protected course for steamers from Puget sound to Cross sound. The Islands are high, rising from 3,000 to 5,000 feet The high and -- . , - u :i"'JZ era red cedar, and yellow cedar la the coast forests and whlte.spnica, white birch, poplar, black oKtiio wood and aspen in the Interior. It is also a litnd aslant, Hfr for jhura the temperature is moderate, with heavy, rainfall. iNrts In this region are the r There Is constant steamship service between PugetSouud ports and, Juneam. Professor Cooper andhis fetlow4 ecologists are of course more Interested in the forests and plant life than In. the glaciers as glaciers. The natural .processes of. reforestation after ,tfce passing of a glacier should furnish pf anrt-Josce- cs. jrear-aroom- rmportant-Worftaflo- they, think.' a, A the ice rered.es,' alders and dense masses of arctic willow spring up and accumlate and store water and humus. Next .come the young spruces. Finally, after a century or st a new Sruce forest has replaced th destroyed foruntil amxher glacier est, to comes alng. This process Is actual, not liuaKlnix.!GIaciated rocks and buried fragments, of trees and plants bear witness to the strife of centuries. And surely there ran be no more appropriate name thaa Muir National park for such an area as the ecologists ask. of corigress. For the name of John Mulr la a household word wherever nature lovers and national park enthusiasts and botanists and naturalists and explorers and folk congregate. Bunt In Scotland ln'ISSS, Mulr came, here a boy. After four years of study at the University of Wlsconsinhethoui:ht h was going blind. So he decided to see all he could and .wandered about the country, taking a look at the plants and rocks as he wandered. He ended up In the California Sierra with his eyes as good as ever. Since then his work belongs to the American people. He loved the Sierra and Yosemlta best but' he did a lot of exploring. He was the first American to visit Glacier bay and named nine great 'glaciers and found hundreds of smaller ones back from the shore. And he wandered all over the world. Including Siberia and the Himalayas, studying forest growths. He wrote many a and volume on the great these books yon will find In the scientific libraries as well as In the favorite bookcase of the nature lover. This Glacier Bay region would make an, attractive nationaL:parit, - The jrUV mate Is not at all Arctic. The scenery is Inspiring, with soma very high mountains for good measure. Ordinary folk would probably find it Interesting -WelPss the eeoloststs. Maybe congress can be Induced to say "Year especially If the ecologtsts pick oat are that will s government-owne- d cost nothing. hold-swa- ls n nrjWTthe Dr. Smith May Be Seeing 'Em in Alaska Philip S. Smith, administrative go- -' ologistTf the United States Geological Survey, will be back In Washington some of these days from Alaska with some Interesting stories. At this writing he Is exploring --ttttr petroleum region between the Porcupine and Colville rivers, which Is practically A letter that came through unknown to civilization by Eskimo hands has told of the discovery, of a large river which flows west and then north. thinks "Doctor London Smifh may see things more Interesting than rivers. It says it Is rumored that there are weird, animals of Immense size URjihere.". Strange tales, It says, have been spread amongst the fur traders and gold hunters by the native Eskimos and' Indians regarding the territory which appears on the maps largely as a blank spare. They say the land Is haunted by weird beasts, some- of such great size that they leave tracks as larger as dinner plates. It Is stated that no Indian ran be persuaded to penetrate this region even though tempted by the promise of abundant fur. Some of the more credulous of the white men, linking these Uleswith their scientific Teadtn jtrcontend "that there may nstill lurk In the Far North remnants of the mastodon herds. Tit-Hi- . ScottJSaysLniS. Universities Are Best Walter . Dill Scott president of Northwestern university, has returned to the ETsaston campus after a trip In Europe firmly convinced that the United States has by far the best universities and the best educational equipment In the world. -- have "Regardless been true In the past there Is no 'doubt that the. best educational opportunities! today lie In the United States," President Scott said. "There was, a time when students had to go to Europe if they wanted the best education possible, but that Is no longer ten-wee- '. ofji-hat-jna- trae. .. . - "Our colleges are- - much;- - better equipped In every- - line from liberal arts to medicine. ' In France and England the universities are still tied down by tradition. Most of them do not even try to keep up with the latest Ideas la education. Cambridge was the only university I found where they were beginning to modernise equipment" s Into the task cf registration. President Scott plunged 1 T |