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Show LEHI FREE PRESS. LEHL LTAH Current News Scenes and Persons in the Predict Failure of Naval Conference Experts Say Japan's Demands for Nava! Equality Make National Agreement Impossible. . r I " v t f 11 V 7 a V - .lw sm x. - m eHHHBPpeww,i m f tlx .v J wcj.- 4 I - . psMie, ak i y r- Cut sill i Hs ' T v vv. . .. JZrZ . . ! L p. ..t .n "s.imiiPl. nd Prince s Marina of Greece. President and Mrs. Uoosevelt Jr.. smllinz over aie .gh Wr in 2h; ln Ch W- -t wuiu uai Abbey, scene of wno ate patients at Warm Springs, Ua, oung iree the marriage of the duke of i nankins ua, mnner mr Navy's Floating Dry Dock Arrives for Duty ff t"tit 'iSfc.-vyj- - a Wwmii.w'.Mii 'I ,n ii.'ii,n iik, wywy .' in in lV' i ' ' !,5 ; "mrT ii .; 11 M jr -- fe, niiiiiiii ' - ..- .... -n- n-'-'f-i ini'-n- i r . y 'X 1 tffrwy'1 f t -- mrw'-ww- w I, T , ; 3y WILLIAM C. UTLEY APAN, speaking through Its ara- I bnssndor to the United States, I Mr. Illrosl Salto, on November T kJ announced formally that It Intended to ask abrogation of the Washington naval armaments treaty of 1922, denouncing It as Inadequate to present-daneeds. The move, while not unexpected In circles of state, more clearly than ever the problems of the naval armaments conference to be conducted In London next spring. The Washington treaty was made onder vaBtly different conditions from those which face the parley of 19,15. Nations, tired of war and economically pressed by the enormous expenditures and subsequent burdens of taxation, were In more or a mood to have things done with, and that In a hurry. Now they seem ..to have switched to the opinion that national defense at any cost takes precedence over economy. Japan, she claims today, submitted to a limitation of armaments which are now, as she says they probably were then. Inadequate and humiliating. Later, in the London treaty of 1930, 'Great Britain claims to have been tiie patsy," although admitting It was her own fault,,-- a Socialist party then In power making reckless and concessions In an attempt to gain notoriety and popularity through what it hoped would appear as a powerful stroke of state. .' Under present conditions, Japan Is the hold-ou- t of the three great naval powers of the world. The three are now met In a preliminary conference necessary to Iron out the details of the presentations of the nations to the naval conference Itself later. It was the Washington, treaty which was the author of the existing ratio of naval armaments. This per mits the United States and Great Britain, the two more powerful navies, equality In strength, with Japan's navy 60 per cent equal to either. This Is .the principle Japan denounces as unfair and unsafe to Its national defense and, secondarily, to the protection of the Far East and the maintenance of the "open door" policy In Asia. Now Japan Insists on "equality In principle" In all naval armaments. Ton for ton, she wants her navy to be on a par with the other two powers. Her proposals at the London preliminary conference describe no categories for vessels (other than classifying them as either "offensive" or "defensive") ; they merely limit the total, tonnage of the entire fleets. Through dozens of wearying discussions, the United States and Great Britain have turned Japan down flatly on the proposition, and have waited for the Japanese ambassador to Great Britain, Mr. Tsuneo Matsudalra, to return with a compromising plan. . Chief spokesman for the United States Is Norman II. Davis, In London, and principal representative for the British Is Sir John Simon, British foreign secretary. All throuch the preliminary conference they have seemed to sit back and wait for Japan to make the moves; he has only returned to each new meeting with strengthened demands for equality. Japan Demands Equality. Backed by a tremendous flame of 'public opinion at home, which has been kindled for a decade or more with Intense propaganda, the Japanese em 23, y back-breakin- g over-genero- ambassa-dor-at-larg- e bassy makes It plain that the Land of the Rising Sun no longer considers It safe merely to Improve International relations simply by entering Into a disarmament pact. Setting herself up as the great protector of the Orient, she Insists that everything depends upon the acquisition of the right to build ship for ship with her rivals or scrap ship for ship. For the equality that Jnpan wants need not necessarily be secured through building, Tokyo has made it plain. She Is willing to scrap ship for ship provided that the other powers will start first, bringing themselves down to her level of equipment. Nippon, whose chief objection Is the ratio, Insists that the very word "ratio" be left out of all future treaties, and will not subscribe to one that contains the word. This condition Is considered absolutely Impossible by the other powers; Great Britain, with a vast colonial empire that depends entirely upon sea powe'r for the protection of Its very structure,' contends that "equality" means actually a vast superiority for Japan In the Pacific, since an Imaginable circumthere stance In which 'it .would be possible for Britain to concentrate her entire navy In one area for battle, purposes. The area Japan must protect Is comparatively small. In a war with Japan, Great Britain would have to conduct a naval campaign 10,000 miles from her home bases. Why a large navy Is necessary for g of the British empire the has been explained by the first lord of the admiralty recently: "Every day 110,000 tons of merchandise and 50,000 tons of food reach the shores of Great Britain from overseas. They come over 80,000 miles of sea routes, and unless we secure their safe arrival we starve. The protection of our sea routes, for the safe arrival of our merchandise and food, Is the business of the navy." Britain occupies a position unique among nations in that respect A powerful navy or even a smaller navy more capable of quick concentration could cut off her food supply In almost no time. During the war, when the German submarine campaign threatened most, the entire natton was left with only six weeks' supply of food. well-bein- Impossible, Says U. S. To the United States the Japanese proposal of equality Is equally Impossible, Japan, like Britain, with many Island possessions, depends upon small, swift ships for defense, America must have large dreadnaughts for the fense of her long coast lines, whose Individual tonnage must be much greater than that of the Japanese ships. Obviously a treaty, which limits shipbuilding to equality of tonnage alone, without naming any categories for the ships, must be all in favor of Japan, whose favored monitor of the sea lanes Is the submarine. The preliminary conference so far has produced nothing but a deadlock. Bear Admiral Isoroku Tamamoto, head of the Japanese naval air corps and a delegate to the conference, says that Japan will openly ask cuts In armaments, scrapping battleships and air craft carriers as offensive weapons, with, of course, the Japanese scrapping done on a much smaller scale. In reply to the charge recently flung by the fiery American Brig. Gen., William D. Mitchell that our most dangerous enemy la Japan and the United States de- dread-naught- s V if "A Anglo-America- n Upper Left: Crltish Cruiser Norfolk'. RlQht: Secretary of the Navy Swanson. Below: U. 8. Airplane Carrier. Inset: Japan's Latest Warship. i . s--w air force must be built up with that in view. Ambassador lamaiuoto saw that the naval plans of Japan have never Included the possibility of a war with the United States. "We have never considered the United States a potential enemy," he Insisted. delegates have lain In waiting for Japan to bring forth some compromise In her equality plan, but little has been forthcoming. The Japanese ambassador did Insist that the Japanese demands were made simply for the purpose of International prestige, and that if Japan is granted theoretical equality, she will not build up to It "A contrac t Is a contract and a treaty Is a treaty," is the others' answer to that At least, Japan's attitude In the dealings leaves no one In doubt as to Just what the country wants. The other powers have not been so specific; at least, they have not made such definite proposals. Japan Fears Airplanes, Japan more than anything else dreads the airplane carrier. She knows full well the despatch with which her Island empire might be seriously crippled. If not destroyed, by enemy planes with a floating base In her home waters. It Is said by those well Informed that she might even accept further cuts In her submarine craft In exchange for restrictions In airplane carriers of the other powers. Great Britain favors the further reduction of all sorts of fighting craft, but will undoubtedly insist that all these reductions be made applicable to France, Italy and Germany as well. These three powers, while figuring little In the preliminary conferences, have of late entered Into what appears to be a building race all their own. Gerfamous In many, who made the past conflicts. Is prepared to begin con structton of submarines on a large scale at almost any time. France, in rebuttal to this condition, has already laid down two 20,500-tobattleships at a cost of $30,000,000 each. Because of this Italy has also ordered two battleships, each of 35,000 tons. Students of International affairs, in consideration of these conditions, predict that no agreement will be reached in 1935 and that another great building race will result Whether such a prospect will cause Japan to modify its "quality" proposal Is a matter of con Jecture; at least she cannot afford to enter Into a spirited race against the two richest and best equipped nations of the world. Vinson's Building Program. The most recent building program that has been suggested to our government Is that of Carl Vinson, chairman of the naval affairs committee, whose proposals to congress Include, among other things, two new airships, one to replace the Akron and one to replace the Los Angeles; a new 15,000-toaircraft carrier to replace the Langley; the construction of a cruiser with a dock for airplanes to land and take off, to determine whether this new type of craft la practicable; the expansion of all naval shore stations ; the relegation to the navy of the complete responsibility for aerial sea defense of coast lines; modernization and expansion of the naval training center at Pensacola, Fla., and an Increase in the allotment of United States naval academy appointees. Of great Interest to the other powers has been President Boosevelt's act of summoning former Secretary of State Henry L. Stlmson to discuss the forthcoming conference. The diplomat of tlie Hoover administration has advised the President that the nation must stand by the "open door" policy in Japan firmly, refusing to recognize any gains made through force In contravention of treaty obligation. He advises firm American resistance to the Japanese proposals st London, iti it , Si. ant wwrtviiftTtifiifli ninnnwi Modern In every respect, the navy's new $300,000 floating dry dock arrived at San Pedro, Calif., after a record from Philadelphia. Electrified and constructed with all known modern devices, the dry dock, known ofllclallj the Ard-1- , Is designed to accommodate small navy vessels such as destroyers, submarines and mine sweepers. FANCY SKATER Japanese Gave the Babe Slant MANS ! d sf Eyes w 7 wsawwtaueHW' J MSI Pa?7 Tv rr-- 'tf n f A Jz. ' ! ! Va (.;3aH i- - imerli v r Fraulein Maxle Ilerber, fourteen-year-olfancy skating champion of Germany, giving a demonstration of her skill at the Friedrichhain In Berlin. 5f d FIRST OF HIS KIND s Japanese made a Nipponese of Babe Ruth, slant eyes all. as the above, sent by a member of the American at Tokyo, sho1 The poster advertises one of the baseball exhibitions legation In Japan by played and the troupe of major league players, under the Ma& leadership of Connie tvusiu IUC U1ICUU poster-marker- me M mow.-- " v Whole Family in a Teaspoon - fressnre f f e the to ts to tha n fwo ton h Vv'i-- , ft - ..V l-V- y- - w ft' a " ' ' Jg f - Arthur W. Mitchell, Chicago attorney and New Deal Democrat, has the distinction of being the first Democrat to sit In the house of negro representatives by virtue of his defeat of Congressman Oscar De Priest In the recent elections. ft' 0 "ftjL-- , , ' r eToiS.renltable.P.lctUre of "Ay throated humming bird parched on . . . . k.k. , Lifh ,(nttl that contains hnr room to spare for everrbodvtro. . - nrnnXi . . .... t A ana ir. A. A, Allen - of Cornell university. Pre: |