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Show EMERY COUNTY PROGRESS. CASTLE DALE, UTAH DIETARY HABITS NEED FOSTERING EARLY IN CHILD Wght Spread of Paralysis Epidemic By WILLIAM C. UTLEY 350 cases APPROXIMATELY tile paralysis" jfgmmm"w .11111,1111 of for short as "Infanhave been brought to light in North Carolina in one of the worst epidemics of the dread disease In recent history. The epidemic is rapidly spreading north Into Virginia. Its further course will probably be checked with the advent of cooler weather, for polio Is summer disease, and by the efforts of local, state and federal health authorities. They hare turned the area Into a &m. ! STRIKE UP THE to Nothing Is quite so important of wellbeing The health as food. ana nis a child depends on it nutntive reflect will stamina babyhood. In discrepancies there The mother who thinks that corrective is time enough ahead for i .1. iahrinff iimler a traditional of delusion that up until two years nm. longer, sometimes age and the sum total of everything. of Milk is the warp and the woof life, what it takes to get through But and especially at its beginning. its because it needs supplementing, needed esfew a In low Is chemistry sentials and the child, set in his diet, resists other foods. Doctors Prescribe Varied Foods. Doctors long ago recognized the value of adding other foods to the diet of milk, early in babyhood, in order to offset future finicky appetites. Thus the Infant of six weeks r oil and orange gets his a little later tomato or juice; juice vegeof two or prepared a spoonful table juice or even the strained vegetable itself. At a period that in the past would have been considered murderous he gets his bit of cereal, part of the yolk of an egg, a snack of baked potato and mashed stewed fruit. Whatever today's baby is given, unshould, of course, be absolutely der the doctor's direction. There is a difference in babies. But the great trutli that many mothers do not know is that dren with touchy appetites at six or eight or ten years of age, are the results of fixed preference in babyhood. Caution Must Be Exercised. Another thing that should be remembered is that as milk must be the alpha and omega of his meal, therefore the amounts of other food given must not be so great that the willingness to take milk is decreased. The doctor will give you lists and schedules for feeding. My suggestions here are only for one purpose. That Is to show "why" and "how" aversions to needed foods are started. Food habits, which mean flavor habits, have to be cultivated early. AND GiVE BAND IT A HAND iu-tu- re Ji4ll k'& v Uft Jiv'J -- A":. t f JOIN IN THE CHOR. I . OUS FLAVOR'S THE all-mi- lk GLOR-- 1 -- n - OUSJ cod-live- ' nn 'Tln'(lriflr Left: Exercising the muscles of an infantile paralysis victim in the unAbove: A new shipment of Rhesus monkeys arrives from Asia to provide experimental serums. Right: Ready to give their lives for science. derwater treatment tleantlc human laboratory for the study of the use of vaccines In lm munlzlng persons to the disease. Med ical authorities on the spot believe It will prove to be the most important experiment of Its kind ever undertaken. North Carolina's plight follows In the wake of lesser epidemics in Cali fornia and elsewhere. The very serl ousness of the Increase In infantile paralysis cases may prove to be a blessing In disguise if enough can be learned about the Insidious virus, which twists and cripples bodies, to protect humanity against it in the future. The first widespread attack of polio was noticed In Jackson county, in the for western part of North Carolina. From there the disease Jumped, in the words of Dr. J. C. Knox, state epi demiologist, "like a skyrocket," and "burst" in Raleigh and the rest of Wake county, all the way across the state, on the Atlantic seaboard. It is believed that the disease in North Carolina has been checked and is abating, but in Virginia the number of cases reported is on the upturn, its course having seemingly followed the highways over the entire length of the state, with no indication yet as to where its spread will stop. ? . ' Cause of Spread Unknown. Just how the disease was carried is not known. Direct contact with a diseased person is not necessary to contract it It almost never strikes two members of the same family. who have such mild cases of polio that they do not even feel sick carry the virus to others whose natural immunity is low and who therefore contract the disease In considerably more violent form. That is much the same as the manner In which typhoid fever and diphtheria are spread. A single carrier, unknown to himself, may create several severe cases. When a few carriers hit a region where the natural Immunity of ihe peo-pi- e Is relatively low, an epidemic is usually the result. That Is probably what happened In North Carolina and i le Rhesus monkeys are Imported from India, where they are held to be sacred, at a cost of $10.00 each. In preparation for giving his life that humanity may be saved ' from the scourge of polio, the monkey Is quarantined for two weeks to make sure that it is in good health. At the end of that period it is given an ether anesthetic and the polio virus is injected through Its skull Into the brain. Infantile paralysis develops. When the disease reaches its climax, the monkey is killed and its spinal cord, full of the virus, is removed. This cord is hacked up Into tiny bits and Immersed in a salt solution in a vessel which contains a number of steel balls a half Inch or so in diameter. While the vessel Is shaken and agitated for 12 hours, the balls crush the bits of spinal cord to a pulp. The fluid which Is thus obtained is attenuated with sodium ricinoleate and allowed to Incubate for eight hours. Then it is strained and purified and put Into bottles which hold five cubic centimeters each, enough to bring immunity to three children. The cost of making a three-dos- e treatment is $2.00. In order to reduce this cost which is forced by the high cost of Importing the animals Doctor Kolmer suggests that a laboratory be established right at the source of supply in India. There, the spinal cords could be prepared and the vaccine shipped out In a solution of glycerine. Children Replace Animals. While Indications certainly point to the fact that at last artificial Immunity has been perfected, the vaccines are still admittedly In the experimental stage. The last great experiment Is ope of the most dramatic medical tests that could be imagiued. For instead of monkeys or white mice, the laboratory subjects are boys and girls. Some of them are selected to receive the vaccine and an equal number are selected as "controls" who will not receive the Injections, but who will be observed for symptoms exactly the same as the vaccinated subjects. All selections are made by lot. Absolutely no partiality Is shown. To Insure against the personal acquaintance element which might destroy the Impartiality so vital to such an undertaking, the administration of the tests has been taken out of the hands of local authorities. Medical men from the United States public health service are operating to relieve local physicians from the Inhuman task. Dr. James P. Leake directs the work. Dr. A. G. Gilliam, at Greensboro, N. C, has been charged with the thankless job of deciding which children are to receive the vaccine and which are to act as controls. It is he who must listen to the pitiful pleading of par ents that their children be given the chance for immunity. Here Is some thing which may prevent their loved ones from contracting one of the most dreadful of all diseases. Even If It does not work it will do no harm. But humanity must know for certain whether It will work. And if such knowledge Is ever to be acquired, the tests must be conducted Impersonally. The vaccine must be administered to children of all classes the poor, the rich, the intelligent, the unintelligent. It must be given to many whether their parents want them to have It or not And it must be withheld from others whose parents have, like one of the most prominent surgeons in the South, fought tooth and toenail and pulled every string In desperate attempt to secure Immunization for them. the disease Is not nearly so much confined to young children as the term Infantile paralysis would suggest, It is still more prevalent In children of five or less than in any other age group. For that reason the one sure preventive Is a difficult one to administer. It Is complete isolation. The only way to be absolutely certain of keeping children from catching polio is to keep them away from all playmates and from all crowds and public gatherings. The same applies to adults, but they are not so likely to catch It Unfortunately there Is no sure way to tell who is Immune and who Is not. And there Is no means of effecting artificial Immunity which has been satisfactorily proven. Vaccines which may do the trick are being tested now In the southeast epidemic. Dr. Maurice Brodle, working under Dr. William II. Park, head of the New York city health department, has devaccine. Anveloped the other has been developed by Dr. John A. Kolmer, of the Temple university With medical school In Philadelphia. the William II. Merrell company, manufacturing chemists of Cincinnati, DocSelecting the Subjects. tor Kolmer Is providing between 6,000 is drama for you I There What and 7,000 "shots" of the vaccine free men are to be these heroes federal to month vaccinate enough every able to withstand the frantic pleading about 3,600 children. of loving mothers and Test Two Serums. fathers ! Neither of these vaccines must be Here's the way Doctor Gilliam believed to be a cure. They are merely does it: Parents who desire vaccine for their preventives. Both of them contain the polio virus not a bacterium, but a children register with their family e vaccine poison. The physician. Half the children are setains the "killed" virus and Doctor lected for vaccine and the other half Kolmer's contains the greatly weak- as controls by Doctor Gilliam's office. ened virus. Both have been known to Then those to be vaccinated are or produce in animals an Immunity which dered to report back to their physician lasts about two years. How long It will and are given the vaccine. The physi last vu uuuiau ueiugs una uui ycL ueeu cian must give it as ordered, must acdetermined, for It has not yet had count for his supply, because the fedsufficient test , eral men have the names of the reA necessary requisite for both vaccipients on file and the recipients themcines is the Rhesuj monkey, the little selves under observation. The idea, of "blushing" monkey, so called because course. Is to observe whether fewer of the way his face gets red when he cases develop among the vaccinated Is excited, which we see in zoos. group than among the control group. Park-Brodl- e straw-graspin- g Park-Brodl- ' Of course other tests are being made. It is being found that Injections of serums prepared from the blood of convalescent cases is not harmful, but is also of very little help. Dr. W. Lloyd Aycock, of the infantile paralysis commission of Harvard university, believes that heredity Is an important factor and Is making experiments to determine the truth of his assumption. Symptoms Often Unrecognized. Infantile paralysis In a locality where there Is no epidemic Is often ununtil actual recognized paralysis sets in. At first it looks like any one of a number of other Infectious diseases. There Is headache, vomiting, drowsiness, irritability, fever, flushing, congestion of the throat and great sweating at night Usually early symptoms are stiffness of the back and neck. Since the Inflammation reaches the nervous system, there may be pain In- the muscles and joints, tenderness of the skin and pain In moving any of the joints. This latter pain may be so Intense that any slight movement will be almost unbearable. As soon as the doctor suspects polio, he will probably want to make certain laboratory testa to make sure, for there are other diseases, such as meningitis, which affect the spinal cord. He will probably inject a needle into the spinal cord and draw off some of the' fluid to examine it In the early, or preparalytic stages, the disease may resemble a severe summer cold and is indeed upon Instance without more harmful permanent effect than a cold. Early and correct diagnosis is of great importance. The victim Is Immediately put to bed and given absolute rest Perhaps the doctor will administer a convalescent blood serum or a vaccine, the usefulness of neither of which Is certain. The patient Is kept away from all contact with others. And that Is about all that can be done at that point Six or eight weeks may be the period during which all movement or ex ertion Is highly dangerous. The apparent helplessness of.the physician during this period sometimes drives frightened parents to accept the remedies of "natural healers" and other quacks which often destroy the patient's chances for survival. Exercise Must Be Gradual. Not until every trace of tenderness is gone can even the simplest of muscle exercises begin. Fatigue must be avoided. Relaxation and ease must be encouraged. Swimming pools and underwater treatment are desirable in most cases. This method was discovered in a Chicago hospital. The development of the Warm Springs, Ga., pool under the patronage of its most visitor and patient, President Franklin D. Roosevelt, and using h:s name for its natural publicity value, has encouraged many cities to maintain pools for the underwater treatment of infantile paralysis. Much of the rebuilding process de pends upon the patient himself and the attitude of the persons with whom he comes in contact during convalescence. It is the tendency of many families to pamper and pity the child who has some physical defect such as that which may be brought on by paralysis, and the child too often for his own good takes advantage of the situation. While such a child should not be spoiled, he should be entertained, encouraged and treated as a perfectly normal member of the family insofar as possible, according to authorities. Slowly but certainly, mankind Is going to learn how to beat poliomyelitis, just as it has other diseases. One of the most important steps will be the experiments now being conducted In North Carolina and Virginia.' Meanwhile, parents whose children have been afflicted need only to examine history to take heart To mention only two, there are men who have attained great heights although victims of infantile paralysis. Sir Walter Scott was struck down by the disease when hardly more than a baby, yet lived to become immortal In the world of letters; Franklin D. Roosevelt did not contract It until he was a fully grown man, yet he Is today President of the United States and one of the most tireless dynamos of energy In all history. Take heart and The moral Is: don't give up I , - S Wtttern Nawspapar Union. iff AI ,T'S G0T EVERYTHING IT'S THE CERE K,N OnCE you taste Grape-Nut- s I Flakes, youll I it not only has a delicious but it's nourishing. One dishful, with 1 ' cheer too! And flavor, milk or cream, contains more varied nourish- ment than many a hearty meal. Try it your grocer has it ! Product of General Foods. Cat Likes to Travel Tommy, a cat which makes his headquarters in the restaurant of the station in Carlisle, England, likes to travel on trains. M If 11 O llif$ S,. lfy Blake makes a Fresh Start "" ""l "li 1 I GO 1 I WAWT7 LISTE- N- BACK TO THE CLUB HOUSG . . GREAT WORK . if . VOU'RG THE m N,IV' NO! NO! THAT'S MOTTHe) CLU6 mil, VO HM FEEL LIKE A :iWW WHY, DADDY.. OH, WELL. THAT'S HO WAN QUIT! 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