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Show BEAR RIVER VALLEY LEADER, THURSDAY, APRIL 33, TAEESff: oiAeTRIBES .- By EDITH A L. WATSON The Zuni " In tbat shadowy past which la so long ago that only legend reminds us that It was at all. i.-'1- '! f?yfV I Indian people came from northward the and settled in the Zuni valley. Later, from the West came an- other people, and these joined the first settlers. This was the beginning of the Zuni tribe, which Is one of the most Interesting tribes of the Pueblos. At the dawn of their recorded hisZuni. tory, they were liv seven In cities, which were known ing of as far south as Mexico. Perhaps Indian traders, Journeying to far places with the products of their villages to exchange for the shells of the coast or the parrot feathers of the South, told of their seven cities, and, as has always been the custom of travelers, exaggerated a little. At any rate, these vague rumors reached the ears of Fray Marcos de Niza, who made his famous exploration trip In 15S9. He listened to all that the Indians along the way could tell him about "Cibola" (Zuni), and finally saw one of the vilages from a neighboring hill, but Instead of entering the settlement, where be might have been disabused of his notions, he returned to Mexico with a great narrative of the magnificent "Kingdom of Cibola." Tho Indians along the way had assured hira that this was a wealthy country, and that its seven cities were filled with gold and precious stones, Hence, Coronado, the next year started North to explore this unknown land of which so many glowing tales were told. The Pueblos had a way of sending messages by fleet runners, whose speed and endurance were the wonder of the Spaniards. News reached the first Zuni city (Hawlkuh), of the coming of these strangers from the South, and of their warlike tendencies, and upon Its receipt the Zunians became ..active, with the result that after storming .the town, the Spaniards found that women and children, and most of the movables in the place, had been taken away. The mesa strong hold of Taalyalone (Corn Mountain or Thunder Mountain, as it is variously known), which commands the Zuni country, was their refuge, and th$ warriors who had defended Hawlkuh fled there also, leaving a deserted and empty pueblo to the disappointed Invaders. . Coronado found that the "Kingdom of Cibola" was a small country containing seven pueblos, all within four leagues, the largest of which contained 500 houses, and that the Immense treasure of rumor was a sorry myth. In fact, he wrote that Fray Marcos bad "said the truth In nothing that he -- reported." Zunl at this time must have been at Its zenith. There are no records of more than the seven pueblos, and history shows that these dropped Into oblivion one by one, until six of them have become uninhabited ruins. Forty years after Coronado's disappointment, Cham'uscado visited the tribe, and in 1583 Espejo went to Zunl. He reported that he found there some of the Mexican Indians who had been with Coronado, and that there were but six cities, so that evidently on had been abandoned since Coronado's time. Three Spanish priests established a mission at Hawlkuh In 1629, and this was the first mission in the "province of Cibola," although one had been attempted previously. In 1622, the Indians killed two priests, one who had been sent to them, and one who was passing through Hawlkuh on his way to another tribe. Fearful of conse- uuvxbi ujo ahum uu unj iv ituj" lone, their refuge In all troubles, and lived there for three years. In 1670, an enemy tribe raided the Tillage of Hawlkuh, burned the church and killed the missionary. . This town was probably net rtoccupled after the raid, and by the time of the Pueblo rebellion of 1680, the Zunl were living In three towns, two others beside Hawlkuh having been deserted. The' rebellion of 1680 was participated in by almost all the Pueblos, the day being set and plans made, and the news spread by runners. The Zunl were as active as the rest, and after tilllnr the miialonarv who ramalnl among them, they once more hurried to Taalyalone, and made It their home for twelve years, until Diego de Vargas reconquered the country In 1602. After this, Zunl was one city. It was rebuilt on the ruins of Halona, on the Zunl river, one of the original Seven Cities of Cibola. Even yet, there was unrest among them. Once more a missionary was killed, and once more the mesa stronghold was their refuge. However, peace was finally concluded, and from 1713 on there was not much to record In the hlstorv of Zunl. For nm tim It was entirely abandoned by the white people, and became a thoroughly In dlan town again, but In later years the United States government established school and built extensive Irrigation works, so that the Indians began to 'become educated la the white man's way of peace, I. 4t. 1H1, WwUn Njwayeter Ctfom.) er conditions during the early part of May. In 1928 when the record crop-waharvested in Canada, only 31 per cent of the crop had been seeded in Masitoba, eight per cest in Saskatchewan and 6 per cent in Alberta at the end of ApriL Sub soil moisture during the year, however, was more plen-A. I. Grover and son, Wendell, of tiful than at present but the month of was generally dry and it was not San Lake City were Garland visitors May until last of May and during June last week. Mr. and Mrs. Geo. A. Beal spent that seasonal rains provided moisture which resulted in average yield 23.& part of last week in Sevier County per cent bushels per acre and the largvisiting with relatives and friends. est crop on record. Seeding of spring reMr. and Mrs. Clif Archibald are in Russia has been delayed wheat joicing over the arrival of a baby girl weather although with the market born to them Saturday. Pres. J. J. Shumway was a Salt improvement in cultural methods during the past few years the late season Lake visitor Tuesday. Mr. G. G. Sweeten's father of Salt may not be so important a factor in Lake City is a guest at the Sweeten determining the final out turn as in family spent the week end in Provo. - Mr. and Mrs. H. D. Peters of Brigham City were guests Sunday at the home of Mrs. Peters parents. Pres. and Mrs. J. J. Shumway. Mr. and Mrs. Lewis Iillywhite had as their wetk end guests Mr. and Mrs, W. B. Barnard, of Ogden. Apru Is Danger Npn ': Unless Good Pest Destroyer Is Used - The ladies of the Farm Bureau met Thursday at the home of Mrs. Glen Walker with Mrs. E. W. Ward as hos tees. "Eraser Cleaning Methods" was the project given by Mabel Hadfield. Fifteen ladies were present. Delicious refreshments were served following the meeting. Mr. and Mrs. Tracy Welling: made a business trip to Salt Lake Friday of last week. Mr. and Mrs. Glen Walker spent the week end m Salt Lake. Miss Roma Tubbs, a student at the University came up from Salt Lake Sunday to visit her parents, Mr. and Mrs, Henry Tubbs. Mr. and Mrs. Lloyd Cravens and baby of Salt Lake were the Sunday guests of Mr. and Mrs. George Hales. Mr. and Mrs. Delbert Bowers of Collinston, were here on business Tues lttl urn m mbii.ii mmm a by-col- I Weekly Grain Market WHEAT MARKET WEAK AND SETTLED, FEED GRAINS MOSTLY LOWER; FLAX IN GOOD DEMAND. The family of Ora Hyer, of Blue Creek were the week end guests of Mr and Mrs. J. H. Ward. Mr, and Mrs. R. D. Macfarlane and children went to Elba, Idaho Sunday to visit with Mr. Macfarlane's mother. Mr. and Mrs. Ixrenzo Bowcutt and daughter, Silvey, and son, Arbon. were in Hyrum Saturday and Sunday visiting with Mr. and Mrs. Glen Lawrence. Leland Marsh of the Weber College and Mrs. Josiah Marsh were here vis iting with Mrs. Clyde Marsh Sunday. Mr. and Mrs. George M. Ward and Mr. and Mrs. D. P. Jensen were shop ping in Ogden Wednesday of last week. The Relief Society was held at the Wm Bowcutt home Tuesday. Elwood gave a very pleasing pro of moths after they nave once established themselves. Frequent air- ing and vigorous brushing of . gJ- ments will help keep them free of moth eggs, but the most effective method lies in spraying clothes, furs, blankets, and rugs every few week with a liquid pest destroyer which is deadly to moths In all their stages of development. A similar treatment of clothes closets, trunks, cedar chests, and drawers where garments are stored at least once a month will prevent moths from getting a foothold in the house. "The young of moths are more destructive than the old, for the adult moth or miller does not actual ly eat clothing, but deposits eggs in fabrics. From these eggs, hatch worms or larvae' which feast on clothes." rid Destruction of garments, blankets, furs, rugs, and upholstery by clothes moths tn American bomes reaches Its peak during April, according to a bulletin issued Recearch here by the American Foundation, urging the use of effective pest destroyers In combatting the attacks of these voracious pests. should be especially "Housewives vigilant against moths at this season," the bulletin warns. "At the fag end of the winter period and too early for the annual spring cleaning crusade, April la a danger month. Every dollar spent in fighting these destructive insects may mean the saving of hundreds of dollars in valuable clothing and fabrics later on. "Prevention is, of course, the best cure, but there are ways of getting CHICAGO. gram in our Sunday evening meeting which was greatly enjoyed by those in attendance. Jesse Davis was in Davis county dur mg the week looking for beet work. Mr. and Mrs. Oscar Forsbersr of .Salt Lake spent Sunday with their parents, Mr. and Mrs. August Fors- berg. Mr. and Mrs. A. Forsberg and Mrs. George Forsberg and daughter, Doris, went to Bear River City Sunday. Mr. and Mrs. Karl Jensen and daugh Mr. G. G. Sweeten motored to Salt ter, of Brigham were Sunday guests Lake Friday returning home Satur of Mr. and Mrs. T. J. Udy. ........ j j ' I Dr. and Mrs. J. W. Chambers and Mrs. George Nye were Brigham City Garland Personals visitors Friday. Bill Howard, of .Salt Lake City spent a few days here last week with friends. Joe Kirkham, of Salt Lake City day. Mr. and Mrs. F. A. Driggs and Mr. spent part of last week with his par and Mrs. Sterling Huish were Brig- - ents, Mr. and Mrs. J. H. Kirkham. When You Think Mr. and Mrs. P. C. Petterson had as ham City and Ogden visitors Friday. HARDWARE dinner guests Sunday, Mr. and their Jack Shumway of the U. S. A. C, Bell and children, of Port Phil Mrs. pent Saturday and Sunday with his land, Oregon. Mrs. Shumand Pres. J. J. parents, Mr. and Mrs. John Burton and Miss "Everything To Build Anything" way. Phone 11 Mrs. M. D. Peters, of Brigham City Florence Petterson motored to Logar Sunday afternoon. was a visitor here Friday. George Bishop of the U. S. A. C. spent Sunday with his parents, Mr. and Mrs. Alfred Bishop. Sargent Streeper of the high school faculty spent the week end in Salt Lake City. Pres. J. J. Shumway made a business trip to Brigham City Friday. LumDon Chambers, student of the U. Mill Co. estiS. A C, spent the week end with his parents, Dr. and Mrs. 3. W. Chambers. 'Mrs. May Tingey, of .Salt Lake City no how visited here last week with relatives and friends. The Misses Claudia Sweeten and We have a large assortment and a complete stock Idaho, Ruby Palmer, of Holbrook, were the guests of Mr. and Mrs. Lynn of field and garden seeds. Williams last week. The members of the Ladies Self Cul ture Club were pleasantly entertained at the home of Mrs. 0. L. Winters A tool for every requirement can be found in our Friday afternoon, April 24th. Early complete line of J. I. Case farm machinery. spring flowers were used throughout the rooms. Pres Mrs. M. E. Andrus was in charge of the meeting and spoke a few words of greetings to the members and guests. The following ladies gave interesting reports on the convention of the Utah State Federation of Women's Clubs held in Ogden recently: Mrs. Mark Nichols, Mrs. OUR YOU MUST J. L. Harvey, Mrs. Grace Haws, Mrs. R. J. Stayner and Mrs. J. M. Gaddie. It was moved and carried that a child's welfare program be given at the next club meeting in place of the program planned. Two vocal solos were sung by Mr. Jack Wahlen. Com munity singing "America" led by Mrs Harold Persson. The hostess served a delicious tray luncheon to twenty eight members and ten guests. Club will meet with Mrs. F. J. Limb May 8th. Odell Thompson, student of the U. S. A. C spent Sunday at his home here. Sarah Shumway spent the week end in Brigham City at the home of her sister, Mrs. M. D. Peters. Mr. and Mrs. L. R. Walker and THINK WILSON OUR CONNECTION With one of Utah's largest Wholesale ber and Works enables us to mate and furnish materials for any building matter large or small. WE ARE THE LARGEST HARDWARE STORE IN NORTHERN UTAH SEE " SPEED QUEEN " Monel Metal Washer With An Amazing Guarantee Another type we can't warm up to the Tremonton man who thinks his wife got a prize when she got him. is Domestic grain markets were unsettled with prices mostly lower at close of week ending April 25, according to the Weekly Grain Market Review Of the United States Bureau Of Agricultural Economics. Generally favorable prospects for winter wheat both in the United States and Europe together with some slackening in export demand under the influence of continued unfavorable business conditions in deficit areas, were the principal weakening factors in the wheat market. Increased offerings of feed grains with no corresponding enlargement in the outlet caused sharp declines in corn and oat prices. Barley and flax were in good demand and prices were practically unchanged from a week ago. Rye was weaker with wheat. WHEAT: Crop conditions continu ed to be an important factor in the wheat market. Winter wheat in the United States is making rapid growth and prospects are promising at this time, uoncutions of winter grain crops in Europe continue favorable. Official reports for Australia, Ger many, Poland and Czechoslovakia, show winter wheat crops average or above although somewhat below con ditions a year ago. Unseasonably cold weather in Northwestern Europe and in some parts of the lower Danubian countries has threatened crop damage but warmer weather with beneficial rains is now reported in countries of the lower Danubian. Prospects in Spain are still favorable though moisture is needed in parts of the Southern District. Conditions in France have improved and the outlook in Italy continued satisfactorly. North African wheat is beginning to head out in early districts and conditions are generally favorable except in some local areas where moisture is needed. Prospects for spring wheat are now very urcertain. Seeding in the United States is finished in most sections of South Dakota, Southern Minnesota and Southern North Dakota and is well started in more Northern districts. Most areas have sufficient moisture for germination and to care for crops for two of three weeks but there is still a deficiency in sub soil moisture in almost all sections. Gen erous and timely rains during the growing season will be necessary for good crop. Seeding in Canada is much later than a year ago with trade advises indicating only about 25 per cent of the Manitoba acreage seeding as compared with the official estimate of 73 per cent at the end of April 1930 and 10 per cent in Alberta and Saskatchewan as compared with 64 per cent and 61 per cent respectively, a year ago. It is still early in the season, however, and althoubh trade advices indicate some reduction in acreabe much will depend upon weath- - Tremonton, Utah Your Baby Chicks Cost You a Lot of Money KEEP THEM ALIVE HEALTHY VIGOROUS AND STRONG PAX1 THE QUALITY FEED Your Mortality Will Be Lower Ask Any Hatchery, or User Start With PAX Today INTER-OCEA- Trenton toa N ELEVATORS : Utah I Curlew Irrigation Reservoir Company Principle Place of Business SnowTille, Utah , Notice is hereby given that at a meeting of the directors held on the 4th day of April, 1931, an assessment of ten cents (10c) per share was levied on the stock in the East canal, and an assessment of twelve cents (12c) peT share on the stock in the west canal, payable on the 4th day of April 1931, to Jesse Arbon, Treasurer, at his residence at Snowville, Utah. Any stock upon which these assessments may remain unpaid on the 4th day of May, 1931, will be delinquent and advertised for aide at public auction, and unless payment Is made before, will be sold on the 23rd day of May, 1931, to pay the delinquent assessment together with the cost of advertising and expense of sale. If there's anything easier than a woman's ability to make a monkey of a man it is fashion's ability to make a fool of a woman. About the best thing to do, it seems would be to give Chicago back to the Indians. But not without an apology to the Indians. Now that long dresses have come back in favor, girls around Tremonton who want to preserve last summer's models can do so by pasting them in a scrap book. If St Patrick really drove the snakes out of Ireland, why not look up his recipe and give it to the Coast Guards of our country ? There's another advantage in being, suddenly nobody estate audited. poor. If you die howls to have the Don't Neglect your Eyes They mean too much to you. We have the Experience and Equipment to give you the Best in Optometric Wilkinson & Son I that they are home and ready to do your ...... Papering Painting Tinting Etc. at AUTO C AMP Phone 3.a-- 3 OU WILL FIND THE RIGHT TIRE AT THE Price Right tint "YOUR GOOD WILL OUR DEST ASSET" Phone 35 There'll never be equality in marriage so long as it's the wife who has to get up in the middle of the night and get the extra blanket. UN- Easy Terms Farmers' Cash Union :iy former years. home. day. FEED THEM s II pari ;n way Icadlnf aukt ot tin" IT will wffl bay ( mij THE v ?A "ft l,. ... I Bllatory's Lmreat Prices BXTB A SAVINGS IV VOV BUY IN FAIBS! - Wbb HURD, Secretary. f.22!ir Guaranteed Tire Repairing Good V$ed Tire -- 10 Sen ire Thai ISenic4 Fronk Chevrolet Co. Phone 20 Tremonton, Utah |