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By ELMO SCOTT WATSON IS THANKSGIVING time approaches and our minds turn buck to the origin of ttiat holiday that Is, If Twentieth century minds, accustomed to making It a day for consuming roast turkey, cranberry sauce, pumpkin pie, cider and other eatables and drinkables to a painful degree, football games and for Innumerable other forms of celebration far removed from the original purpose of the day, can be easily turned back for a consideration of historic origins It would be interesting for each of na to make a mental Inventory and try to determine if we know much more about the people who gave us this holiday than we seem to know about observing it In the spirit In which It was conceived. Thanksgiving, of course, brings up a mental picture (which is usually a reproduction of some painting or cartoon that we have seen) of a men and women walking groui of sober-facethrough the woods to a little log church. The outstanding features of the Bober costume of the men are the hats, the big shoe buckles and the clumsy-lookinguns, with their muzzles, over their shoulders; of the women the white Dutch caps on their heads and the dark capes hanging from their shoulders. If It is tho. cartoonist, rather than the painter, who gives us oor mental picture of the Puritan Inventors of Thanksgiving dny, we're pretty sure to see a man holding a turkey by the neck In one hand and his gun In the other, while an Indian arrow decorates the tall crown of his hat. Or the arrow (an Indian arrow is by now an almost indispensable symbol of Thanksgiving) may be flying through the window of a log cabin home t.nd plunking Into the turkey on the table, much to .he consternation of the Puritan family, all ready to eat the "noble bird" when the unexpected garnish arrives. Or if we are asked to characterize the Puritans in a few words, those words are pretty kpy to be "stern" or "noble" or "godly" or "pious" or "well well puritanical you know what I mean." But aside, from the Ideas, as given by these mental and word pictures, how much do we actually know about the Puritan fathers and -- mothers? Do they exist In our minds as "people," as "human beings" or as Images recreated from myths? Were they all, and always, "pious" or "godly" or "stern," or ilh, they have their ligher moments when thoy were "people" or "human beings," as we know such Individuals today. Let the author of a bonk, recently published In Boston, the home of the Puritans, by Little, Brown ' and company, answer that question. The name of e the book is "The Puritans," which In Itself Is something of an answer. Rut lest it be thought that It Is the work of an iconoclast, Intent upon shattering some more idols, an outsider who wishes only .to poke Irreverent fun at a people and tradition near and dear to moRt Americans, let It be said that the author of the book Is rienry W. Lawrence, a native New Englander and a professor of history at Connecticut college, who has only to examine his family history to know whereof he speaks. For two of tits ancestors among many others have "records" In that they were haled into court for deeds which were "not-quitpuritan." In the Introduction to his book Professor Lawrence Bays: Nothing new could possibly be uttered about the austerity of the Puritan, but there In still much to be nald concerning Ms frivolity. During more than a century, tlrelene orators have stupefied their reverent hearers with undiscrlmlnatlng of the stern virtues that were the srlory ofpraise early New England; and when the Image breakers of our own Irreverent t'.mes have risen to reply, they have usually seen and smitten only a figure of unhuman sternness, made awful by his worshipers. It la high time thst Justice be done to the humanity, the frailty, and the frivolity of our formidable ancestors. For example, all we loyal New Englandera have known from our youth up. of Cotton Mather's views on witchcraft and his discussion of the "na. ture, number, and operations of the devils"; but why have we not been as freely Informed of how he narrowly escaped a suit while courting his second wife? We shall not love them less, these forefathers of ours. If we see them gray as well as grave; and we may cease to think of them as largely the creatures of a moralized and provincial mythology. New England In the Seventeenth century was probably no more wholesome than it la In the Twentieth. Then, as now, a few great and good men and women tried In vain to "sell" godliness to the multitude, but there were few buyers, though at that time everybody was compelled to attend the sale. Judging by the acts of the vast majority, rather than by the words of a very small number, these early New Englanders were spiritually akin to our present Keneratlon. Burnt few of them were saints; a few more were hypocrites; but most of them were neither. Their amount of true holiness was, per capita, about the same as ours, but It took a different form, and they talked about It more than we do. Their normal human cantankerousness was often so camouflaged In pious phrases that It was, and still Is, mistaken for godliness. Probably they were as bewildered as we are about how life should be lived. Certainly they were often die- couraged with their efforts to regulate It, and they had many private doubts as to whether the method ot sitting on the lid was, after all, the best way tc deal with human feelings, A ( e breach-of-proml- For Galled Horses for Beasts. Hanford's Balsam of Myrrh Money back for first bottle The Seventeenth century specialized In repression. We of the Twentieth have a right to demand that history tell us the truth about how the repres-sionisof Puritan New England really worked among the masses of the people. It seems to have been no more than Indifferently successful even In that age of lean adversity. A large fraction of the population submitted to, rather than shared in, t,n religious and moral fervor which has made the period notorious. They hardly qualified as belonging in the company of the saints. They were "the m Puritans." Puritans" were very much That these like the people of today in their faults and frailties, Professor Lawrence then proceeds to demonstrate in his book by quoting from contemporary records. Then, as now, the elders had the "fiumlng youth" problem on their hands. For the boys and glrlsof Massachusetts Bay and other New England colonies DID pet, they DID go In for "new and Immodest fashions" and wicked appnrell," there WERE "flappers," or their equivalent, who bobiVd their hair, or the equivalent, the college students of those day WERE addicted to riotous night life and there WERE breaeh-o- f promise suits, family rows, quarrels, fights, Intoxication and any number of other offenses which brought them, oung and old, into court. These are not merely opinions. They are facts taken from court and other records and here Is evidence of the truth of the above statements, In the order presented, as given in Professor not-qul- te "not-qult- e back-fenc- e Law-rence'- book: Toung men there were 'orbldden "to Inveigle or draw the affections of any maid" without the proper permission, and the law enumerates the current prohibited methods: "whether It be by speech, writing, message, company-keepinunnecessary fasinful dalmiliarity, disorderly liance, gifts." In 1660, Jacob Mlnllne and Sarah Tuttle of New Haven were haled to court for violating the law. and the record shows that the purpose of their unlawful meetings had by no means been prayer and fasting. "They sat down together," says the testimony "his arm being about her, and her arm upon hi shoulder or about his neck; and he kissed her, and she kissed him, or they kissed one another, continuing In this posture about half an hour." Moreover, Sarah denied that Jacob had "Inveigled her affections," whereupon the court fined her Instead of him, and called her a "bould virgin." As early as 1634, Voim new and Immodest fash-Ionsalarmed the authorities of Massachusetts Into ordering "that no person, either man or womar, shall hereafter make or buy an apparel, either woolen, silk, or linen, with any lace on It, stiver gold, silk, or thread." A prohibition was likewise laid on "slashed clothes, other than one slash In each sleeve, an another In the back"; also on "all gold or sllvei girdles, hat bands, belts, ruffs, beaver hats." With due regard for the avoidance of waste however, the law allowed the present possessors "to wear out such apparel as they are now provided of, except the Immoderate great sleeves, slashed apparel, Immoderate great rails, long wings, etc." The remote ancestress of the present day flapper was also dealt with In the clause which prescribe.! "short sleeves, whereby the nakedness of the arm may be discovered In the wearing thereof." When a girl bobbed her hair, or otherwise deformed It to meet the latest Seventeenth century fashion, she had to expect not merely father's wrath and mother's teats, but also some public comment from the minister on the Lord's Day, and a persona visit from the local magistrate. . . . Sometimes tcy were haled Into court, after Indictment by the grand Jury along Willi murderers g, night-meeting- s, if not suited. AD W. N. U.( Salt Lake City, No. dealers. 46-19- 28. A Treat in Store. Clare Sheridan, the sculptor of and blood, is She to back lecture again. coming said the other day to London correspondent : "My other American lectures failed because they were too heavy. My new lectures will be light and airy full of epigrams, you know. My lecture on love, for example, will begin: "Love-makin- g consists in a man running after you till you land him." Rehoboth Sunday Herald. half-Americ- half-Englis- h thieves, and others who, like themselves, were Assistance is always offered freely dangerous to the community. Thus, the records of the Essex County Quarterly courts show that, to those who don't need it. during the session held at Ipswich In 1682, several such perilous females were dealt with: "Warrant, dated April 14, 1682, for the appearance of those presented by the grand Jury on Mar. 28 for folding their hair, frizzling and knots, and for wearing silk scarfs, Martha Rogers, Mary Brownexx and Elizabeth Browne, tjhe glazier's daughters, Abagaill Metcalfe, Elizabeth Perkirs, wife of Luke Perkins, Martha Watton, John Webster's daughter who lives with Mr. John Rogers and Pricllla Carrell, Capt Appleton's maid." By 1713, disorderly night life in Boston seems to have been well started, to the extreme annoyance of the Rev. Cotton Mather, who comments on It thus in his diary: "There are knotts of riotous Young Men In the Town. On purpose to insult Piety, they will come under my Window In the Middle of the Night, and sing profane and filthy Songs. The last Night they did so, and fell upon People with Clubs, taken off my Wood Pile. 'Tis hightime to call in the Help of tae Government of the PlaGe, for the punishing and suppressing of these Disorders." Efforts of the early New England fathers to stop wickedness by means of strict laws met with indifferent success. They were more ready to admit this than some of their modern descendants have been. e Puritans" revealed in Thus are the a book written by one of the descendants in which for one, ht least, they are presented to Americans ol today as "people" and "human beings." But in turning our thoughts back to them as the time for the holiday which they have given us approaches, we need not hold then. In any the less esteem or reverence because of these revelations about them. The concluding chapter of ProIt 13 always safe to give a Bayer tablet; there is not the slightest fessor Lawrence's book is an Illuminating exposiharm m genuine Aspirin. You have the doctor's assurance that it tion of that fact. He says : doesn't affect the heart. And you probably know from experience There Is a belief, widely prevalent today, that that Bayer Aspirin does banish all sorts of pain ia short order. history should be the cringing slave of public Acpolicy, rather than Its trustworthy guide. Instant relief for headaches; neuralgia, neuritis. Rheumatism, cording to this belief the facts which history presents should be determined, not by the historians, too. Nothing like it for breaking up a cold. At all druggists, with but by those who are supposed to understand better ttiae they what the public welfare requires proven directions enclosed. of the historic record. In particular, thero are a Aspirin Is the trsde mark of Bayer Manufacture great number of persons, grouped In powerful of Monoaceticacidester of Sallcyllcacld organizations, who are now insisting, even to the rL point of coercion, that no present-da- y explorer of cur national or colonial history shall bring to light, and certainly to no widespread public notice, any facts which seem to discredit the traditional and popular view of our heroic and glorious past. The authenticity of the facta Is rarely questioned. The propriety of presenting them to the public, or at least of giving them so much prominence, Is often sharply challenged. In anticipation of tiuch a challenge to the facts Tender presented in this little book, a further word beyond what has been said In the ire face seems aptcUh SUky propriate. First, as to the belief that Clio should be a slave rather than a guide, and that her utterances should be determined, not by her faithful disciples, but by the guardians of public welfare. This willingness to substitute children the Cuticura hibit to TBACH your and mythology for history, cling fondly to that may hive dear iltia and lovely which Is known to be untrue, is shared by so many hair through life. The daily use of Cuticura admirable people today that the historians ot this Soap, assisted by Cuticura Ointment, keeps 1 a issue have formal, public protest and country the skin and scalp dean and healthy. warning against It. This warning Is In the form Soap 85e. Ointment 9Sc BOo, of a set of resolutions adopted by the American Talcum 35e. Said eaerfwMert. Historical association, the notional society which SanpU inch frtt. Addrtu: Includes in Its membership practically all the lend"Cudcura," Dept. B5, Maiden, Mass. ing writers and teachers of history In the United States. Cuticura Talcum is Soothing aad Cooling. Second, as to the damage, If any, done to the In Puritan tradition by the farts presented this book, or by the manner of their presentation, the own for admiration of the author's many profound leaders In early New England has not been lessened In the slightest degree because of the farts he has discovered and related about them. Rather, he has felt reassured to find that behind the myths I of Impossible, Intolerable, unhuman good ness there really were men and women of heroic TTAH - GRAND is "A Different Utah character and achievement, so abundantly equipped with noble qualities and noble deeds that laudaa coal that is HARD; in fact, it burns almost tory lying about them was at best superfluous. Their fame chines all the brighter when the darklike Anthracite. stores with no loss, LASTS ness which surrounded them Is more adequately revealed. The policy of trying to conceal or to is and MAKES NO minimise their faults and limitations seems fair more likely to produce, In the mind of the present' STRINGY SOOT OR CLINKERS. Both the reday schoolboy or citizen, a cautious but cynical tail dealer and consumer will find UTAH-GRAN- D skepticism than the desired patriotic reverence, and to deepen the suspicion of many that all national s, more conducive 19 COAL an economical fuel. Just as good for history la a set of range, Jingoistic patriotism than to Intellectual honesty. heater, brooder or furnace. Puritans" However distressing "The may.be to those who Insist on regarding the early New Englander as a fteshless demegod and a haloej Phone your dealer or write ua ascetic, it may flr.d a welcome with the followers of that eminent son of New England, Oliver Wenremark that "we dell Holmes, In his world-wis- e muit have a weak spot or two lo a character before we can love tt much." wu did bell-shap- JuaeM, 192S) SSOOop FRANK C CLARK, Times Bldt, N.T. Well, Maybe Not. "I have been reading some of the articles in Woman's Home Companion on why people marry," wrote one husband. "I don't believe the authors know why they marry," he added. "Nobody knows." g etc Nwvav-seWrraaa- a, sleeping potions by Captain HarHarris zoological expedition to South Africa. 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