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Show BEAR RIVER VALLEY LEADER Live Stock Dairy Horticulture Poultry Tee Home and Farm ....Contributions DISTRIBUTED TO GREATEST 'fm-c- f L& Til Jjfia v vrri -- "- v iiW-- i v.'- fv- - r r c- - m a a Economict Household ' Department by Noted Women Young People Writers.... OR THE ADVANTAGE KITCHEN HORSE POWER NOT ALWAYS UTILIZED I Horn a CABINET My thoughts come flying- - forth in flocks. Gay, eager ones of vivid hue. But oh. the little winged things That will not flutter through! " The little lovely wistful things That start and then draw back with fear: These are the ones of all That I hold vastly dear. Grace Bostlck. SANDWICH FILLING OF VARIOUS KINDS. sandwich may be filled wlffi meat, chicken or fish, making a sandwich which is In Itself JPl n muni nr flllwl with sweets, a dessert or a dainty to serve with a cup of 1 Mrs. James Hamilton Lewis, wife by the French government for her work a hungry mob. 3 Residents of Staten of the strike of engine room men of the A tan np ft rlnce rtf C0,,I,nS Average. JLM Cold meat put through tiie meat chopper, with a sweet pickle or two with the same labor. In the harvest- and bound together with a salad dress--. ing, makes a good sandwich .and one ing of crops horse power may be utilized more efficiently in many sections in which leftovers may be used withby the use of more horse power per out remarks from tlie family. Veal and Tongue Sandwiches. Put man. use of machinery In the veal and tongue through the meat harvesting the wheat and corn crop chopper and moisten with a small would utilize horse power and labor amount of soup stock; season with to advantage by the exchange of labor paprika and nutmeg. Spread on buttered bread after chilling the meat. among small farmers. Any kind of meat, minced or sliced, Use of Manure Spreader. Hauling out manure on the average mixed with various seasonings such farm as it Is produced, Instead of al- as capers, pickles, nuts or olives will lowing it to accumulate around the make, with a little ingenuity of the buildings and hauling It out when con- cook, a countless number of good and appetizing sandwiches. venient, would be an economical practice. Where the expenditure Is justiThinly sliced radishes, cucumbers, fiable the use of a manure spreader onions, chopped green peppers and letwould distribute the manure to better tuce make most tasty sandwich filladvantage and effect considerable sav- ings. Olives, either stuffed, green or ripe, ing In labor over the old method of may be mixed with nuts and boiled hauling out and spreading by hand. dressing, or added to cream cheese or to cottage cheese. HARVESTING BIG WHEAT CROP Cottage cheese with chopped candled cherries (or cream cheese is richer), Department of Agriculture Advises makes a most tasty sandwich for a Farmer to Consider Question - sweet sandwich. of Stacking. ' ."and cheese Chopped (the celery American) and Roquefort are all good (Prepared by the United States Departas filling. ment of Agriculture.) A club sandwich Is enjoyed by the With the biggest crop of wheat on record "about to be harvested, It Is men prepared as follows: Place a probable that in many neighborhoods slice of tomato with salad dressing on thrashers will not be able to make a buttered slice of rye bread, add a their rounds In the usual time. Con- layer of cream cheese mixed with siderable quantities of wheat will have chopped nuts, then top with a slice of to ait beyond the usual thrashing rye bread. d egg mixed with Chopped time. If left in the shock, it will be damaged by every rain, even to some butter, a pinch of mustard, salt and extent by the dew. The stacking of pepper makes a most appetizing sandwheat has fallen Into disuse in latter wich. years, but It would be well, the deLife Is not so complex If we do partment of agriculture says, for the not persist In making It so. We farmer who is not certain of prompt need faith; we need to be brave; thrashing to consider It this year. we need chronically to keep the corners of the mouth turned up and not down. And after all It is LICE POWDER IS ESSENTIAL only a step at a time. Ralph The Use of Large Teams Saxes Man Power. by the United States Department of Agriculture.) More efficient utilization of horse power on the average farm will assist In a large measure in saving labor. The necessary horse power is usually available for the efficient operation (Prepared of the average American farm, but this power is not always utilized or distributed to greatest advantage. The practice of plowing as much land as possible In the late fall rather than In the spring, when work Is pressing, will result In labor saving, as this method utilizes both horse power and labor at a season when it would otherwise be practically idle. In practically the entire cotton belt e the breaking plow is In general use. This requires tin- - use of one man per horse In the operation of the e farm. By the use of the breaking plow the same labor could break more land and at the same time make a better seedbed. Labor Is Plentiful. Planting and seeding are still done by hand in some parts of the cotton belt, and the distribution of fertilizers and manure Is largely done In the same manner. This custom has prevailed no doubt because the labor has oeen plentiful. But the use of horse planters, grain drills, fertilizer distributors, and manure spreaders, where the amout of land under cultivation would justify the expenditure for the Implements, a great saving of labor could be effected. In the cultivation of crops In many parts of the South the use of the plow and sweep prevails, and because of the Inefficiency of these Implements the crops must be hoed almost continually In order to keep the crop clean. This method could be Improved upon by using the light harrow or weeder when the crop Is young and one-hors- two-hors- one-hor- later the two-hors- e single-ro- vator. This would result Increasing the amount of formed with the same labor, same time doing the work culti- " hard-cooke- Waldo Trine. In greatly Sodium Fluorid Is Effective In Rlddlnp work perFowls of Vermin Where to and at the Make Application. more eff- iciently. Cultivator. Use Two-RoIn many sections of the country the use of the two-rocultivator has been demonstrated as practicable, thereby utilizing more horse power and performing more work with the same labor. The use of this implement should be extended where conditions warrant. On the average corn-bofarm more horse power per man can be utilized in many instances. The use of four or five horses on the double gang plow would accomplish a much greater amount of work than Is now performed per man on a majority of farms where the walking plow Is used. In the preparation of the seedbed one man can readily handle four or six horses hitched to the flection harrow to which additional (sections hare been added, thereby increasing the amount of land harrowed lt two-hor- by the United States Department of Agriculture.) The free use of an effective lice powder Is always advisable. A dust bath, consisting of road dust and wood ashes, is essential In ridding fowls of lice. Sodium fluorld, a white powder which can be obtained from druggists, Is also effective. Apply a pinch of the powder at the base of the feathers on the head, neck, back, breast, below the vent, base of tall, both thighs, and on the underside of each wing. (Prepared Keep Cabbage Worms Down. Is best not to permit the cabbage worms to become very numerous. It There are various ways of controlling them. "Perhaps the simplest is to spray the plants, when worms are known to be present, with arsenate of lead. Dust sprays are also effective and many growers prefer them. cock vigorous yearling or The hens used for may be. chosen. Lack of Vigor in Newly Hatched breeding purposes should be given the best care possible; they should be proChicks Often Traceable to Weak vided with large runs, and should not Parents Give Best Care. be forced for heavy egg production the early winter. during (Prepared by the United States Depart- RAISING HEALTHY CHICKENS ment of Agriculture.) To be successful In raising chickens It Is necessary to have healthy and vigorous breeding stock, for the lack of vigor In the newly hatched chicks Is often traceable to weak parents. Only the most vigorous and the best grown birds should be put in the breeding yards. Each bird should be full of life and energy and free from any serious deformity. Yearling hens are iisimlly better thnn pullets for breeders, for the reason that the hens are more mnture and do not lny so many eggs during the early winter, and consequently do not reduce their vitality bo much before the breeding season. Vigorous hens two to four years old can often be advantageously retained In the breeding yard. The male bird chosen should be young and active. cockAn early hatched erel Is usually satisfactory, or a good rfSGTV CMOfc0i Satisfactory Pasture Plant. Alsike clover makes a very satisfactory pasture plant; really superior to red for pasture, and Is a much It probably Immore certnln crop. proves land just as well as red clover. Difficult to Eradicate. Sorrel Is difficult to eradicate except by cultivation of the land. It probably will show up again If the field Is sown to grass or clover. Sumac Is Useful Plant Sumac makes a pretty and useful plant to put on a steep bank to hoM the soil. Benefits of Concrete Walks. Concrete walks improve the appear anco and value of the farm heme. FOOD FOR HOT DAYS. There Is nothing that takes the place of good vegetables for hot weather dishes; they inrankI with m po fruit A healthy diet must Include vegetables, for they not only build up the bones and teeth but supply h u I k, which is an essential to intestinal movement; their chief value Is in their, mineral salts, which are needed to make good blood and produce changes In the body cells which ire necessary to keep the body young and supple. A rule which has no exceptions. Is to cook vegetables in boiling water and most liquors should be saved for soups or to serve as a sauce with the vegetable; the liquor from beets is one to except. String beans served with a bitter sauce or. in a rich cream cauce are delicious, but for variety cook them two to three hours with a quarter of a pound of salt pork or a few slices Cook down of bacon If preferred. with the saucepan "uncovered until the moisture Is nearly all absorbed and evaporated, then add a tablespoon-fu- l or two of vinegar, salt If needed, j and a dash of cayenne. Creamed Onions and Tops. Take flnger-slzeonions, cut, leaving a three-inc- h stem, cook until tender and serve In white nauce on toast ss Is served. Young beets, tops and all, are very good served as a vegetable. Cook them until tender, chop or cut up In coarse bits and serve with butter and vinegar. The secret of savoriness In vegetables Is care In seasoning. Do not always serve the same dish with the same ; seasonings. Salads of various kinds, using both vegetables nnd fruits, are most acceptable hot weather dishes. d NEWS REVIEW OF CURRENT EVENTS Taft's Plan of Interpretive Reservations May Solve the Treaty Problem. of the former senator from Illinois, who has been given a medal of honor for the French wounded. 2 Food shops in Berlin that were raided by Island who were unable to get from Manhattan to their homes because New York ferry boats. "whether we shall actually have ratified or not, because peace will then be a fact." The president may go ahead anyhow and name the member of the reparations commission, and It was reported that Bernard Baruch is to be his se- suburb of Neullly. The French troops have been taking care of Bulgaria lately and when the other day some of them were attacked by Bulgarians a French regiment occupied Sofia and disarmed the local garrison. lection. Sweden Is expected to make a loud wail over the report of the Baltic com- Mr. LIKED BY MANY SENATORS President Wilson Rebuffed by Foreign Relations Committee Austria Gets News Her Peace Terms From Russia Not Cheerful More Trouble With Mexico. By EDWARD W. PICKARD. William H. Taft, actuated by the two worthy motives of trying to aid in the speedy stabilizing of world peace and of averting possible disaster to his party In the next presidential elections made a notable contribution last week toward the ratification of the peace treaty and League of Nations covenant by the senate. In letters to Republican National Chairman Hays he suggested a way In which he thought this might be brought about with the votes of Ithose - Republican senators who are friendly to the league but are doubtful concerning certain of Its articles. Mr. Taft's plan Is that the treaty be ratified with "Interpretive reservations" that would satisfy the consciences ot those senators and that would be acceptable to the administration. These, not being amendments or flat reservations, would not necessitate the recommittal of the pact to a peace conference. Making It clear that he favors ratification of the treaty as It stands, to be amended later by the league If necessary, Mr. Taft declares It to be "the part of statesmen to recognize the exigencies, personal, partisan and political, of a situation In seeking to achieve real progress and reform." He admits that there are reasonable and sincere criticisms made against the league and believes these must be satisfied in order to obtain the nineteen Republican votes necessary to ratification. This he seeks to do with his suggested reservations, which cover most of the articles criticised but Ignore the Shantung feature. This latter, he assers, has been deliberately exaggerated. Mr. Hays looked with favor on Mr. Taft's plan, and In Washington many Republican senators were said to be so Impressed with Its value that they already were at work on a program of interpretive reservations. President Wilson had been aware of the Taft suggestions for several days, but his attitude toward them was not stated. The administration senators, however, were said to be still determined to attempt to force unreserved ratification. Mr. Wilson, though suffering from a slight attack of Illness, kept up his work In behalf of the treaty, calling Into conference at the White House a number of the opposing senators. Most of these asserted that the president had not been able to change thelt views or intentions by his arguments and explanations, and the debate in the senate did not Indicate that he had converted any of them. It Is only fair to assume that few of these senators are governed by anything but patriotism and honesty In taking the attitude they do, but It Is hard to see anything but partisanship In such ac tlon as that of the majority of the committee on foreign relations the other day. The president, in the interest of business, asked for authority to appoint provisionally an American member of the Interallied commission on reparations pending action on the treaty. This the committee refused, adopting Instead Senator Knox's resolution declaring: "That It Is the Judgment of the committee that until the treaty Is ratified no power exists, either In the president or congress, to execute any provl- sion of the proposed treaty, either provisionally or otherwise." And yet, ovAj three weeks ago Senator Knox declared that the treaty ot teace will apply to the United States LkM ratified by three other powers, Some of the senators, and perhaps a great many other people, do not agree with Mr. Taft that the Shantung affair has been exaggerated. Mr. Wilson Is said to have explained to certain of his callers that the other peace makers, entangled in secret treaties, left to him the settlement of that annoying matter and that It was necessary to yield so much to Japan In order to assure her joining the League of Nations. It was believed he might now bring some pressure to bear to persuade Japan to declare formally her intention to return the province to China within a short period of time. That, of course, would do much to silence the criticism against the clause. The Japanese,, however, are not displaying a very compliant spirit lately. They have vigorously denied the story that the Shantung settlement was In exchange for the Japanese withdrawal of the racial equality clause from the league covenant, and the intimation is plain that they will renew later their demand for the inclusion of such a clause. Also there is open opposition In Japan to participating in the international tribunal to try the former kaiser, based on the assertion that such action would have a bad effect on the Japanese people. The British parliament has ratified the peace treaty with Germany unanimously, and also has adopted the Anglo-Frencalliance bill. h Austria has been handed the peace treaty she must sign and of course Is protesting hopelessly against the terms imposed. The reparation terms are similar to those in the German treaty, and the financial terms provide that the prewar debt shall be apportioned among the various former parts of the Austrian empire and the coinage and war bonds taken up by the new governments and redeemed as they see fit. The Austrian army is to be reduced to 30,000 men and she Is to give up all her merchant shipping and fishing boats and 20 per cent of her river fluet. Large numbers of cat-- , tie also must be surrendered, as well as quantities of stuff stolen by the Hapsburgs. In the revised territorial i;rms is seen a possibility of future trouble, for Austria Is to receive the Oderberg region of Hungary, The Hungarians are not likely to submit tamely to this and Bela Kun, if he is still in power there, may find In it a chance to keep his army from disintegrating by appealing to the national feeling. Conflicting stories concerning Bela Kun have been coining from Vienna. One had It that the communist leader had been deposed by a triumvirate and that "terror troops" were In control of Budapest. Another and later dispatch showed he was still In the saddle. The tangled mess known as the Russian situation has no very promising aspects of late. The British commander in North Russia reports that the Russian volunteer troops that have been with him have mutinied and Joined the bolshevlsts; General Deniklne hns been suffering reverses at the hands of Trotzky's army and Admiral Kolchak, head of the Omsk government, does not seem to be getting anywhere. Lenlne has offered to cede Bessarabia to Roumanla If the latter country will prohibit supporters from crossing Its frontier. This may amount to nothing, as Roumanla already holds possession of Bessnrabla. In eastern Giilicla, where the Ukrainians and Poles are fighting for the territory, the Poles hnve captured the Important city of Tarnopol. Delayed dispatches from Vladivostok tell of a successful excursion In the Suchan valley district by an American military column which cleared out bands of bolshevikl at a cost of two men klllerj and eleven The bolshevikl In Siberia wounded. have released all their American prisoners, five In number. Kol-chak- 's The pence conference Is now attending to Bulgaria. The delegates from that country arrived In Paris from Sofia Friday and wm (juaxtered at t mission of the peace conference. It recommends that the Aland Islands at the mouth of the Gulf of Bothnia, which Sweden has claimed, be neutralized under the guaranty of the League of Nations. The Swedes are not in high favor with the allies and any protest they may make is not likely to be considered. Our relations with Mexico seemed to n be approaching the climax, as they have been Intermittently for well-know- years. Senators and representatives from the border states clamor for Intervention, more Americans are killed or kidnaped or robbed by Mexicans, interested European nations become more and more exasperated by the chaotic conditions below the Rio Grande, but the administration keeps its own councils, giving no Intimation of its intentions, if it has any. Among the recent outrages to be reported were an attack by armed Mexicans on a boatload of sailors from the U. S. ship Cheyenne near Tamplco and the robbery Of about $10,000 from th Puerto Lobos station of the Atlantic Refining company. Some trifles were stolen from the sailors and the Mexican government says it was their own fault because they disregarded warnings and went Into rebel territory. a Most of the other outrages the officials try weakly to explain away. Henry P. Fletcher, ambassador to Mexico, appeared before a house committee and said that, although hundreds of Americans had been killed in Mexico in the last few years, and 50 since February, 1917, he had never heard of the prosecution or conviction of any Mexican for the murder of an American. He thinks, however, that nothing would be gained by withdrawal of our recognition of the Carranza government and lifting of the embargo on arms. t ' Word was brought from Chihuahua City to El Paso that Villa and General Angeles had disbandeJ their forces until September and were going to Japan to obtain arms and amniunltton for a renewal of their revolution. ' Car-ranz- The city of Washington was greatly upset early In the week: by mob riots that amounted to a race war. Whites, angered by alleged attacks on women by colored men, made indiscriminate warfare on the negroes, and the latter retaliated In kind. Several persons, Including two policenien, were killed. After long and wearisome debate, the house of representatives passed the prohibition enfoircement bill by a vote of 287 to lOOt Nearly all the rigid restrictions insisted on by the radical drys were regained, but Individuals are permitted to have liquor in their homes for bhelr own consumption. The measure! is now In the senate and may be changed In Important particulars. The chief couf sel for the Association Opposed toNatlonal Prohibition, In reply to numerous inquiries, has issued a statement concerning the status of the fight pgalnst the constitutional amendment He says the right of referendum on acts of the legislature exists in 15t states. Petitions for referendum have'been filed In seven of these and are being circulated In the others. If the people In ten of these states reverse the .action of the legislatures ' the prohibition amendment will be void, since it must be ratified by 36 states and 4,5 have taken that action. The validity of the amendment also will be attacked on constitutional grounds before - tho United States Supreme court In the fall, J All the world Vas startled and shocked by the unique airship disaster A dirigible balloon was In Chicago. mnklng experimental flights over the loop district of the city when It burst Into flames and fell through the roof of one of the largest,' banks. Ten employees of the ba?k and three men who were In the ar of the balloon were killed and mote than a score were Injured. The causk of the accident wm a mystery. |
