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Show mi the 7 T EARjLY PULLETS DAIRYMAN PLUGS f LEAKS NEED HERD UP ATTENTION In a year's time, O. D. Glenn, a Crawford (Colo.)- dairyman, has increased his monthly return above feed cost by $400 for each of the 11 cows In his herd. Mr. Glenn Joined the Crawford Cow Testing association on June 1, 1927, and accurate records have been kept on his herd since then. When g work, he he started the was getting an average of 241 pounds of butterfat per month for each cow. For every dollar that he Invested In feed he received $4.87 for the butter-fa- t sold and had the skim milk left for his hogs ad calves. But there were some "leaks" because a year later his returns were much higher. For May, 1028, the records of the showed the average production of butterfat per cow to be 40C.4 pounds for his 13 cows. For this he received $103 above feed cost, a return of $12.50 per cow. It was an Increase of $4.00 per cow per month In a year's time. For every dollar that he put Into feed, Mr. Glenn received $7.34 for the butterfat sold. In other words his feed cost him 44 cents fo. every 100 pounds of milk a year ago and 29 cents ,ier 100 pounds of milk on June 1, 1928. These figures merely show the return above feed cost and do not Include labor or Interest on the Investment The Increased returns from Mr. Glenn's herd may be attributed to the eliminatior of the "boarder" cows, which ; the records 01 the exposed, and the maximum use of home-growfeeds In a balanced 'ration. He ran his cows on pasture In June, July August, September r.nd In November he started October. them on stock beets, alfalfa hay and a balanced ration of grain which the recommended to him. It costs Mr. Glenn 34 cer.ts per month for each cow to have the ?ow tester's service in making a complete record on each cow. The test- - weighs ihe milk from each cow one day a month and tests It. Besides that, he gives the dairyman hints on the feeding and care of his herd. g He also aids members of the association to, secure pure-bre- d bulls, exchange bulls and iuy cows. cow-testin- cow-test- cow-test- vX'Cn 1 p 'OilliiklifWTl V fort.. .A,Vl" t4tta,ZU I . 4 u ... ,L By ELMO SCOTT WATSON MEIUCAN Indian day conies on September 28 and imKcatlons are that It will be more widely ob- A served tbls year thnn at any time since It was originated in Illinois in 1019. The purpose of American Indiun day is to foster more cordial relations and a better understanding between the red and white races, but more especially to bring to the attention of the whites the many accomplishments of the Indian. In view of tlmt fact, the recent appearance of two books, written by Indians, Is especially noteworthy, for In both "My Teople, the Sioux," by Chief Standing Dear, published by Houghton Mifflin company, and "Long Lance," by Chief Buffalo Child Long Lance, published by the Cosmopolitan F.ook corporation, the white. man can find an accurate portrayal of the Indian character, a exemplified in the life stories of these representatives of twe of the finest types of North American Indians the Sioux and the BlnckfecL For what Chief Standing Tear says In the preface to his book applies to both, lie writes: Th preparation of this book ha not been with It la Junt mesa(? to th any Idea of whit race; to bring my peopte befor their eyei tn a truBjand authentic mnnner. The American Indian hn been written about by hundreds of authorn of white Mood or possibly by an Indian of mixed blood who hns opent the pr eater part of his life away from a reservation. These are not In a position to write accurately about the struggle and disappointments Of the Indian. White men who have tried to write torle about ma the, Indian hav either foisted on th public Impossible thriller"; or, if they have been In sympathy with the lndii'.n, have written from knowledge which was not accurate and reliable. No on Is abla to understand th Indian race like an Indian. A brief review of the career of Standing Bear will show how eminently fitted be Is to Interthe ted race to the. white race. pret bis people-oHe was born In 1S(8 wlieu the Sioux were still rioninds, whose proud rplrit had not yet b:'en tamed by military conquest and by being penned upon on reservations, where they came enough Into contact with a certain class of white man to have tluir primitive virtues corrupted by that contact. As a boy he lived In the buffalo-ski- n tlpl of the old time Tluins Indians and received from his elders the spiritual and physical training which resembled that of the Spartans of ancient times; as a young man he knew the thrill of the buffalo chase and the intertribal wars which developed a race of first class lighting men of whom General F. W. Ben teen once said "Tlify (the Sioux) are the greatest warriors that the sub ever shone ou." Although too young to have a part In the last stand of the Sioux against the Untied States government In the War the fact that he was the son of an of 187ft-"7- . hereditary chief of the Sioux and one who was prominent in both the war and peace councils of bis tribe gave' Standing Bear an unusual opportunity to know the facts about some of the Incidents of that last stand. And It may be noted In passing that historians of the future might e well take Into consideration Standing Bear's before writing again of such matters as the Brittle of the Little Big Horn where Custer perished, the death of Cfuzy Horse In the guard bouse at Camp Robinson, Neb., and the now famous affair at Wounded Knee which some white historians have called a "battle" but which the Sioux to this day call a "massacre." Standing Bear'a education (In the sense In which the white man awes that term) began when he was one of the first group of Sioux children to school for Indians at enter the Carlisle, I'a., In 1S7. It continued there for several years, was supplemented as an employee of John Wannmskor at lite Store In Philadelphia and continued as an employee of the government on the Rosebud and Bine Ridge reservations, as a meuiber of Buffalo Bill' wild weat Uiow both In blood-curdlin- newly-estnhllshe- this country and abroad and as a movie actor In southern California where he now lives. The distance which Standing Bear of the Sioux has covered In "following the white man's road" Is nothing less than amazing. In the short space of sixty years there has been written In the history of tills individual at least a thousand years of racial history, a giant's stride from barbarism to f what we call "civilization"! ' Soon after Standing Dear was born his people saw for the first time a raflroad train on the L'nion Pacific railroad. wMch was then being pushed west. With mixed emotions of amazement and fear they watched this great "snake" go puffing across the prairie, little realizing that it was 1 ; to be one of the vital forces In bringing about the downfall of their race at the hands of a more powerful nnd ruthless type of civilization. The naive attitude of the Sioux toward the railroad, as well as toward many other of the things used by the white men, as reflected in the pages of this red man's book. Is the best possible commentary upon the great difference between the Standing Bear of 1808 and the Standing Bear of 1028. And reading this, the white man may learn how unjust he has been to the red man-- not unjust In the sense that he robbed the Indian of his lands and his freedom and Imposed npon him restrictions hateful to a free spirited and roving people, but unjust In his attitude toward the Indian, the attitude which made him expect the red man to adopt almost overnight a social and economic order which the white man had evolved only after centuries of painful effort. It is this fact which makes the reading of ruch books as those written by Standing Bear and Buffalo Child Img Lance especially appropriate to the aims of American Indian day. For by doing so. the American of the present day, no matter how Indifferent he nia be to the "wrongs" perpetrated upon the Indian by Americans of pst generations, can come more nearly having an adequate understanding of the Indian point of view, both pant and present, and thus be able to do his share In avoiding further Injustice to a brave people who still form a not Inconsiderable part of the population of this country. What Is true of Chief Standing Bear as an authentic Interpreter of the real Indian Is no less true of Chief Buffalo Child Long Lance, nnd the history of his life Is as romantic a reconj of transformation as Is that of the Stoux chiefs. What that life was fa Intimated by Irvln S. Cobb, who wrote In the foreword to "Long Lance" this; It wn an altogether another and a different book that my friend Buffalo Child !.on Lance might hav written. He might hav written to tell how he won scholastic and athletic honors at Carl-Isl- e and at Manllus; of how. while mastering the white man's tongue, he learned half a dozen trlhal language other than his own; of how. having received a presidential award of appointment to West Tolnt, he threw away that mnt cherished dream of his the dream of being a Indian officer In th regular army to cross the lln In 1918. and at the first call for recruits for overseas service, to enlist In the Canadian forces; of how, going tn as a private, he ram out at th end of th World war as a captain of Infantry, his body covered with wounds and his breast glittering with medals bestowed for high conduct and gallantry: of how h foueht as a sniper, as a raider, as a leader of forlorn hope In the trenche and acrosa No Man's Land; of how hla own people conferred upon him th chieftainship of one of th four principal banda of the Northern Blackfeet; of how, beginning; as reporter on a western Can-a- il n paper, he has earned for himself distinction a a writer of magazines. II might hav told these things, but. being an on am glad that he ha tndlnn, he didn't. And I written this one For here, sinking his own engag. Ing personality, his own Individual achlettmmts In the background, he depicts graphic phases of a life which ha altogether vanished, of a race which I rapidly vanishing. I know of no man better fitted than Chet Long Lance to writ a true book about the true American Indian and I know of no book oo the subject which better reveals th spirit of the Indian In the year that are gene ani th spirit of time th Ilk of which will never be seen again. Although Clilef Buffalo Child Long Lance Is a younger man than Chief Standing Bear, his recollections of hla childhood are of those of a people Photograph of Chief Standing Bear, courtesy Houghton Mlfllin cempany. Other photographs, courtesy Cosmopolitan Book corporation, . . g. nar-Tatlv- i ; child-trainin- ' full-blood- ! fr . as primitive as the Sioux from which Standing Bear sprang. They were the Blackfeet, called the "Tigers of the Plains," who were the ruling tribe of a wild domain known as the northwest territories In Canada until 1905 when the provinces of Alberta and Saskatchewan came into being. Go among those Blackfeet today and they will tell you of their thoughts at seeing their first white men so lately did "civilization" touch their lives. Long Lance's first remembrance Is of an Intertribal battle which took place In northern Montana perhaps on the very spot where today some automobile tourist Is camping! And Chief Buffalo Child Long Lance is scarcely thirty years of ae. Like Standing Bear he received a Spartan training and learned "to ride, to shoot nnd speak the truth," and reuding In their books of the qualities which this training developed in the Indian boys makes one wonder if perhaps the modern "civil- Ized" American might not learn some profitable lessons In from these "barbarians." Although of different tribes an.l tribes which were ancient and hereditary enemies there Is a striking similarity between the narratives of this Sioux and this Blackfoot." Both bring out very forcibly the qualities of honesty, generosity, true reverence and simple kindliness of the primitive Indian character before It was Influenced by the A typical Incident U given white man's ways. In Long Ijince's book In telling of a buffalo bunt. It was the Indian nam's Job to provide the meat for the family by killing the buffalo and the Indian woman's Job to follow the hitm and skin and dress the dead animals. Img Lance writes: Each wife knew which animal had been brought down by her husband by the arrow which had been left In It. For every .Indian had h's arrow painted a certain way. so that anything he k lied with It could easily be Identified. If he shot a buffalo with a bulltt he would circle back and on hurl of hla arrow in it body, so hi wife would know it was his. The young son of our tat medicine man, Whit Dog, waa anting on his pony among us boy. He was carrying on his back a qniver full of his dead father' arrows, which his mother had given him to play with. On of the women came over to thl lad and took out one of Whit Dog's arrow and walked out on tbe field and pulled one of her own husband's arrows out of a buffalo bull and stuck Whit Dog"a arrow In th bole. Sh said to anyone; but later we saw White Dog' nothing widow squatting over the buffalo, skinning it and sobbing ever the bloody pelt. quietly Just as Standing Bear has written In his book some renl "Indian history" from the point of view of the Sioux, so has Long Lance written the story of the relations between the white and red races from the point of .view of his people, the Blackfeet And there Is no more thrilling aud Inspiring (if a person admires" pure "grit" In a man, whether he be white or red) story anywhere than his account of the epic of the Indian outlaw, Almighty Voice. Almighty Voice was the son of Sounding Sky and Spotted Calf, who were Long Lance's foster parents, wherefore he knows whereof he writes In telling that warrior's story. Almighty Voice became an outlaw through an unfo'rtunirte chain of circumstances. By mistake be had killed a steer belonging to the government of the Northwest Territories and he was arrested by the mounted police and lodged In Jail. One of the police Jokingly told him they were "going to hang him for killing that steer." little realizing the terrible effect which this Joke would have on the untutored Indian. But Almighty Voice escaped from Jail and then began what was perhnps the In the history of that most famous man-hun- t famous organization, noted for the fact that It "nlways gets Its man." It Is true that tlie mounted police finally did get Almighty Voice but at a terrible cost The hunt for him lusted two years. Finally, they cornered him, but It was not until artillery was brought Into action and the place In which Almighty Voice and two companions were entrenched thoroughly shelled that he was finajly conquered And when he was conquered, he was no longer able to harm his attackers. For Almighty Vole bud died fighting. ' g t' - n cow-test- .; -Don't let your early laying pull lets get run down In the fall," advis poultry men of the state college of agriculture at Ithaca. "Don't try to gut more than a &0 per cent production but keep the birds In good healthy condition and feed enough to keep them laying steadily. .jv "Pullets which come Into production!' early (In August or September) hav a tendency toward a production slump, and a molt when the short days andi cool weather hit them. It Is very Ihk portant to maintain their weight; and adding milk, wet mashes or providing artificial lights at the proper time win' L help out in the difficulty. ''Feed plenty of hard grain at nlghti In the morning, feed in proportion the way In wldch the pullets are pro4 ducing.. I'robably fifteen pounds forf5 each hundred pullets Is enough wheo," they are producing 50 per cent on more and the weather is cold. Onef of the main points to remember iv that if they eat more grain they eat' less mash, and it Is the mash that con-- t tains the animal protein and bring! the eggs. However, too much masht will cause a temporary increase ini egg yield, with a possible dangerous I loss in body weight and later produc- - $ tion. "A pint of cod liver oil In every f hundred pounds of mash helps keep the birds in good health during the-winter. Good health is one of the big I assets to any of the poultry flock and I that is why the cod liver oil is worth f its trouble and cost" cow-testin- b.-tt- Young Calves Need Some Shelter From Elements toung calves protected from the sun and storm make better gains than those allowed to run in the open. Unless there Is a good shelter provided where the calves can seek protection, when they wish to do so, animals few months old should be kept in clean, pens In the barn. The effect of sunlight on growth of calves have been studied by some of our experiment stations. It was found where one lot was boused In a darkened shed nnd the other lot had access to direct sunlight there was little difference In the physical appear-- , nnce of the two lots. Short pastures, hot weather and files must be considered when raising calves. Calves are more likely lo receive regular rations when kept In the barn thnn if allowed to run on pasture. Their thin coating of hair and tender skin make them easy prey for flies. It Is not uncommon to find young calves without shelter from the hot sun with the hide quite Irritated by the sun's rays. The first few months are Important In the life of the dairy calf. Turing this time the inherited stimulus for growth Is the most active. If this Impulse Is allowed to spend Itself without supplying the proper feed nnd care, the rate of development will he retarded. In extreme cases It may be The young permanently lessened. calves should not he forgotten during the summer months. 11 Dairy Notes Good dairy cows also provide an excellent market for grains such as oats and barley. Due to its cooling, slightly laxative action, silage aids greatly In keeping the digestive systems of dairy cows In good condition, g The calf should be allowed to suck Its dam two or three times a day until the ninth milking or until the mUk Is normal, after which the calf should be weaned. With the shortage of hay which will exist in many sections this year, more dairymen will undoubtedly find silos good Investments. Rations containing leguminous roughage are likely to contain sufficient minerals. The whole mineral question la still In the experimental stage, A question many dulrymen are Interested In Is the relative ton for ton, of corn silage andvalue, for hay dairy cows. Experiments at the Vermont, Maine. Utah and New Mexico stations have shown that two and one-hato three tons of good sllnge on the richness In corn grain) Is worth as much as one ton of hay for feeding dairy cows. lf g I Lookout for Poultry . Worms of Many Kinds I There is no way of estimating the loss to the poultry industry caused by worms of various kinds. That there Is a loss cannot be denied and several states are now spending much time In finding a solution for the worm problem. It may be necessary to kill one of the birds to find whether worms are affecting It Usually a' bird with worms looks pale and thin, has rough feathers, wobbles or sways when it walks, drinks much, eats little and sometimes has diarrhea. There are many remedies on the market, some to destroy long round worms, others to destroy tape worms. There are also combination remedies that are proving satisfactory. Most of these are individual treatments, but it isn't so hard to do as one might think. The worm medicine may be given at the time the hens are culled. This saves both time nnd money as it is not necessary to treat the ones that are to be sold. Treatment alone is not enough if the ground is full of worm eggs. Clean ground Is necessary or old ground plowed and disinfected. Average Production of Eggs During the Year As a matter of fact, there Is no record of a hen laying an egg a day for a full year. The standard as laid down by the poultry department of Ohio State university la 1G0 eggs In 305 days. The state average Is about 70 eggs.' Of course, some hens do better. More than one hen on the records of the Ohio Poultry Improvement association has beaten the 300-eg- g mark in 3G5 days. But they ure not common bens. Kgg production for the average hen Is ut the lowest point in November, when five eggs for the month is the standard requirement This standard rises month by month to 21 eggs in April, then falls again. high-grad- e Flies Carry Infection Remember that files enrry tapeworm eggs. The only place they can get the eggs 1? from the droppings of Infested birds. It will pay to clean the dropping boards frequently this summer. Keep the houses for the young stock as clean as possible so flies will not be attracted. Do not let the young stock range after the old hens. One cannot expect much profit from pullets which go into the laying house heavily infested with worms of any kind. Sap on Vitality In Right aow Is an Important time and old both many respects with young fowls. Hot, sultry summer weather Is ns much of a sap on the vitality of fowls as it Is on the vitality of human beings and animals of all sorts. And thl? Is right at the time when the old fowls are getting ready to molt while the young stock must be kept growing and In perfect condition so they will be ready for the early shows or for profitable early winter la j Ing. Season for Guineas The best season for raising young sumguineas h? the hotter part of the mer. As the guinea is a native of a warm country, the "young cannot bear much cold or rain, nnd It takes very careful work to grow young guineas during a cold season. The chicken hen makes a good foster mother for the young guineas and a goods!.'''' hen can cover from 18 to 20 egg. After the young guineas are hatched, they should be kept in a closed until thev learn the mother's call. co, |