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Show THE HELPER TIMES. HELPER, UTAH News Review of Current Events the World Over France, Alone in Blocking Hoover Moratorium Plan, Is Warned by President Feat of Flyers. Globe-Circlin- g By EDWARD W. PICKARD rAY after day Secrelury Mel-Jon and Ambassa- dor Edge negotiat- ed with French officials in Paris in the effort to reconcile the moratorium plans of President Hoover and Premier Laval, and in Washlngto the President and Act fa fO' i vv: ing Secretary of Premier Laval State Castle were almost constantly at the American end of the transatlantic telephone line, coaching them and learning what progress they were making. At this writing the progress, if any, is small. Premier Laval, who was continually receiving the advice and assistance of Finance Minister Flan-diand others, stood firmly on the position he had assumed, and the senate, by a vote of 197 to 5, backed him up, virtually giving him a free hand so long as tie did not recede. This huge vote did not indicate that the senate had conn fidence in Laval, however. Ue was attacked fiercely and Jeered, but the senators had to express their approval of the refusal to give iu to President Hoover. Mr. Hoover ttien came to bat with a memorandum sent to Ambassador to the Edge for communication This was in French government. effect an ultimatum to France that unless she accepted the Hoover plan she was likely to be left out in the cold. The warning was conveyed that if the President's project failed, Germany certainly would apply for a moratorium on reparations as provided by the Young plan, and this, Mr. Hoover figured, cost France $1()0,)K),000 would more than would the Hoover moratorium. Behind the polite phrases in the memorandum seemed to lie the intimation that if France rejected the Hoover plan, the administration would establish a moratorium on war debt payments and leave France out. MEANWHILE put over what was ered by consid- some a Ilis "fast one." a government that the Hoover proposal, which had been acunconditioncepted ally, was in operation, so far as Italy was concerned, on July 1. Italy's debt or nations, M, Flandln Ger- Austria, Hungary and Bulgaria, were notified that she was not collecting sums due from them on that date; and her creditors, England and the United States, were told she was putting nslde the sums she owes them, pending final decision. many, The State department In Wash- ington said the Hoover, plan had been accepted by Belgium and Poland, both allies of France and by Rumania, and In part by Greece So France was and It standing alone In opposition. was believed In Paris that Premier Laval, after closing down parliament, would call a conference of all nations signatory to the Young plan to obtain from them a release from the guarantee clause requiring her. In case of a moratorium, to place in the bank for international settlements the sum of approximately $120,000,000 to be applied in part to increasing payments to be received by other creditors during the period of .Tugo-Slavi- VIILEY POST and narold Gat- ty, American aviators, set their monoplane, the Winnie Mae, down at Roosevelt field. New York, Wednesday evening. They had accomplished the remarkable feat of flying around the globe, approximately 15.475 mile's, in 8 days 15 hours and 51 V6 minutes, a new mark for other flyers to shoot at. They sot out to break the record of 22 days made by the dirigible Graf Zeppelin, and they smashed it to bits. Great skill in piloting and navigating, unconquerable courage and nerve and a plane that functioned perfectly all contributed to the success of this epochal flight. The route followed by the flyers took them from New York to Har- bor Grace. N. F. ; thence successively to Chester, England ; Berlin. Moscow, Novosibersk, Irkutsk, Blagovyeshchensk, Khabarovsk, Solomon and then Fairbanks. Alaska; Canada ; Cleveland. Edmonton, Ohio, and back to New York. They met with no serious accident but at times flew through high winds and rainstorms. New York city on Thursday gave the aviators the usual showy and with welcome, noisy parade, speeches and reception by Mayor Jimmle Walker. But they were too tired to mind this much, i'resident Hoover Invited them to luncheon at the While House, and they received the congratulations of eminent persons all over the world. It Is estimated that Post and Catty will realize about $50,000 each from their wonderful flight and they certainly earned It. WHAT was the President's commission on law en- forcement and observance, better known as the Wlekersham commission, went out of existence with the close of June, and Is now Just eleven men and women. On Tuesday the fine furniture and equipment were moved out of Its offices; after midnight the unexpended remainder of its $500,000 appropriation reverted to the government ; and Chairman WIckersham by that time was the only member left in the National Capital. Sticklers for exactness said the commission will not actually cease to exist until a final history of Its activities and expenditures is written and Is accepted by President In order to attain this Hoover. end a temporary commission has been established near the White House, equipped to accommodate only the chairman and a suifill staff. There the fifteenth report will be written. Here Is the commission's record : Ten reports have been delivered to the government printer or deposited at the White House; four others, one of them the study of prohibition, have been made public. Since midwinter the commission has completed reports upon the deportation of aliens, "lawlessness In law enforcement." crime among the foreign born, Juvenile delinquency, the work of the police, prisons, probation and parole, the costs aud causes of crime and a "progress report" upon the work of the courts, to be carried on by private n. Pool, New York; Dr. Dallas B. Phemlster, Chicago; Dr. Daniel F. Jones, Boston ; Dr. Walter K, Lee, Philadelphia, and Dr. William J. other phases of the profession tured the convention topics. N T Hoover's request to the federal farm board for a definite statement of its policy brought a response from the B 4 j board, through Chairman James C. Stone, In which its as anpolicy nounced on March 23 is virtually re- stated. Pleas from the Middle West and Southwest that the board commit itself to keep its immense wheat holdings off the market, either for a stated period or under a fixed price level, are rejected. Is concession One important made. The board agrees to limit sales of its wheat to 5,000,000 bushels a month, this limit to run on a cumulative basis, the unused portions of the quota to be good for J. C. Stone But it ex- months. succeeding cepted from this limitation impor--' taut contracts with foreign purchasers now under consideration. To the problem of the wheat surplus there Is only one answer, and that Is acreage reduction, the board declares. Hope was seen for an Improved export market in smaller productions in other countries and In the prospect for better world conditions "that will he created by the President's debt plan." SENATOR an according to the results of the national elections. Alajan-drLerroux, old time Republican leader and at present foreign minister. Is the man of the hour and It is accepted that he will be the first premier under the new constitution that is to be adopted by the national assembly that convenes on July 14. The Socialists and radicals will control this assembly, which in fact will be rather moderate In policies. The communists are powerless. Catalonia siill Insists on being a separate state in a Spanish federation, but Senor Lerroux predicts that the Catalan movement will the treasury authorities andin Washington ; he now says that I v u under the provi- I I sions of the Haw-ley- Smoot tariff Wlaw with relation to the products of Senator Smoot convict, forced or Indentured Inbor, the Treasury department will adopt a policy of excluding a large share of the products of Russia. While this exclusion will not apply to products of the soil, says Mr. Smoot, it will apply to Soviet products which are manufactured, mined or produced by means of forced labor of any kind, and which are competitive with products He mentions lumber and here. as products pulpwood especially which will be shut out. the first time since the World war the federal government began Its fiscal year on July 1 with an unbalanced budget. The deficit is almost $00:1.000,000. Handicapped by reduced revenues, the Treasury found Itself confronted with rising expenditures, due to the government's efforts to help the farmer, the unemployed About and the drought sufferers. the only favorable factor in the financial situation was a cash balHX) with ance of over which the treasury entered the new year. This will be used to meet current expenses during the first quarter Instead of being applied to the deficit UOR ' CENOR DON SALVADOR DE Madarlaga, the new ambassador from Spain, presented bis credentials to I'resident Hoover with due ceremony, and the customary polite phrases were exchanged. Then the two distinguished men enjoyed an Informal chat, as both of them used to be mining engineers. Senor de Madarlaga Is a noted writer and In the past has criticised severely some of the policies of the United States in affairs. Latin-America- of America's most eminent surgeons gathered In San Francisco for the annual convention of their association. Among ANY the speakers were: Dr. Alexander Primrose, Toronto, president; Dr. Lincoln Davis, Boston; Dr. Eugene iB Thrill o Stll J iMm-SJSM. Sffe: MX vi&s u SJyPSSI wM kJ2? i' J soon collapse. D r t: fow- l- Sec'y Wilbur AY LYMAN IX Wilbur, secre tary of the Interior, before he became president of Leland Stanford university In 1916, bad attained considerable fame as a physician and and he surgeon, demonstrated the other day that he lias not lost his CPngr3 skill. surgical While escorting Doctor Wilbur diagnosed his pj m ail- ment as acute appendicitis and decided an immediate operation was necessary. So he gathered up the tools and, with the assistance of Dr. E E. Johnson of Cortez, he performed the operation which almost certainly saved Delerchman's life. Next day the patient's condition was so good that Secretary Wilbur resumed his trip of Inspection of the park. " of divorced persons churches with use of the Bonk of Common Prayer Is favored In a revised proposal by a commission of t lie general convention of tiie church. Last April the commission offered a plan to authorize Episcopal clergymen to remarry divorced persons. That plan barred the use of church and the regular prayer book. The revised proposal would give clergymen tiie right to officA minority report suggests marriage hy a clergyman at his discretion if there already has been a civil marriage. Under the majority plan, one year must elapse after divorce before permission to remarry may be filed. An ecclesiastical court, appointed by the bishop of the diocese, must then pass on the fitness of the persons to be married. The report will be submitted to of the the general convention church in Denver next September. few days Secretary of War IN Patrick J. Hurley will be on bis way to our farthest possession, the Philippines, for an inspection tour This Is because of the islands. announcement ascribed the reason for the secretary's trip to a desire "to acquaint himself more Intimately with the details of Philippine problems," it was understood that Mr Hurley would study personally sentiment there for independence In preparation for a movement in the next session of congress to free the Islands. SENATOR ft 1 it Fess-Parke- R. JOHN CITIZEN stamped into his home, snorting with indignation. He had had an unpleasant experience as a result of carelessness, thoughtlessness and lack of consideration upon the part of Mr. William Citizen which had caused him some temporary discomfort, if not permanent harm. So into the sympathetic ear of his wife K r r nf Vita a IJ v xi c uia giiciuui.i uicu vui CI tytZ j I Zi . ?g$i -- - 'S I .f'"S sS-- r: - - - I . j I jgj5. 1 J " g laws. A He has Senator Fess congress. studied these questions closely for years, and probably knows what he is talking about. In his opinion, consolidation legislation will again be taken up, and laws for the regulation of the motor bus and the motor truck will be proposed. Mr. Fess foresees much difficulty In getting legislation enacted to meet the various transportation problems. This difficulty is much enhanced, as he views it. by the competition between the railroads ana otner tonus oi transportation, on the one band, be feels the country cannot get along without the railroads, but on the other, he Is convinced the public will not sanction any undue restriction of other forms of transportation. The Ohio senator Is an advocate of legislation to liberalize existing law with reference to railroad consolidations. He sponsored. In the r bill last congress, the to provide. In effect, for voluntary combinations. It Is Interesting to bear, from Senator Fess himself, that he probably will remain chairman of the Republican national committee for another year, despite frequent rumors that he would retire or be displaced. He called on President Hoover the other day and afterward said: "It appears now that I will serve until convention time next year." However, he Insisted he had not discussed the matter with the President. ift 1931 Western Ncv.ionper 1'nlon ) ' purpose of Post-Dispatc- iate. the senate committee on interstate commerce, predicts that railroad and transportation legislation of a comprehensive charac ter win ue cousin-ereduring the next session of s-- 7orthe making more his tirade with the declaration, "There ought to be a law !" But should there? For some time critics of our democracy have been telling us that one of the things that's the matter with us is that we have too many laws on the books and too little observance of even a small per cent of them. So why should we add to the number and then have another law which will be forgotten almost as soon as it is passed to join the long list of those which are either unknown or, even if they are known, are disregarded? One of the most powerful cartoons ever drawn by an American cartoonist was awarded a Pulitzer prize In 1025. It was "The Laws of Moses and the Laws of Today," by Daniel R. Fitzpatrick of the St. Louis Take a look at it, as it is reproduced with this article. Then it will not be necessary to say another word in this article as to whether or not there should be any more ended MARRIAGE S Fess of Ohio, who Is a leading member of Convene By ELMO SCOTT WATSON Secretary and Mrs. Wilbur through Mesa Verde National park V. M. Delerchmjn, president of a southwestern Colorado transportation concern, fell suddenly ill and was taken to the park hospital. There ment. While the official War department has committee, been in conference tight toBe aLaw- -f njfl:'FS'7n'"r: Is to continue to be a re-- " public, ami Alfonso will remain their administration falls tinder the jurisdiction of the War depart- Utah, chairman of the senate finance with fea- CPAIN bead-quarter- s PRESIDE 1 0 "Tfjere Mayo of Rochester, Minn. Exchange of Ideas and explanation of research work on cancer, plastic surgery, skin grafting and j But whether there should be or shouldn't, the fact remains that the business of making laws still goes merrily on. Early in 1931 a press dispatch carried the news that American legislators felt "there ought to be a law" some 50,000 times this year and translated that feeling into more than 14,000 new statutes." This number, it is said, adds to the variously estimated 2,000,000 to 10,000,000 laws which have been enacted since the United States came into being. All this mass production of "Thou shalt nots' wouldn't be so bad perhaps if legislative bodies ever showed much inclination to undo the work of their predecessors by repealing some of the outworn statutes or at least those which are so patently filled with absurdities Away back in 1C35 the great and general court of the Massachusetts Bay Colony wrote upon Its records the following: "Whereas, Mr. Roger Williams, one of the elders of the church of Salem, hath broached and divulged divers new and dangerous opin ions against the authority of magistrates; aud also writ letters of defamation, both of the mag istrates and churches here, and that before any conviction, and yet niaintaineth the same with out any retraction; it Is therefore ordered, that the said Mr. Williams shall depart out of this Jurisdiction within six weeks now next evening, which if he neglect to perform, it shall be law ful for the governor and two of the magistrates to send him to some place out of this Jurisdiction, not to return any more without license from the court." So banished Mr. Roger Williams was and banished Mr. Roger Williams seemed likely to stay for nearly three hundred years. Then in 1928 a representative decided that there was not now much danger from Mr. Williams on account of "divers new and dangerous opinions against the authority of magistrates," and so he introduced a bill Into the Massachusetts house to revoke the decree banishing Mr. Williams. The Bay state was preparing to celebrate its tercentenary and In especial, the three hundredth anniversary of John Winthrop's arrival on the stern and rock bound coast. The representative thought that It would be a graceful gesture to the memory of Governor Winthrop who "during his lifetime manifested constant esteem and abiding friendship for Williams and strove without avail to modify his sentence." But evidently the other members of the house didn't think so or else they still feared those "new and dangerous opinions," for the house, without debate, accepted a report by the Judiciary recommending "leave to withdraw" on the bill to revoke the sentence of banishment. So Mr. Roger Williams still stays banished from Massachusetts. But even though the Massachusetts legislature of that year didn't see fit to proclaim officially that It no longer feared the malign Influence of the founder of Rhode Island, It did act on other obsolete statutes. In delving Into the subject of useless tows it found some curious examples of howjthe American people, or at least their delegated authorities, dearly love to regulate their habits or at any rate, the habits of the other fellow. For Instance, one legislator discovered that there wa? a law which set the length that an unprotected hat pin might project from the crown of a woman's hat at one-h.Inch. This went back only to 1913, when tl 1 ladies wore many huge ornamental hat p.i:s, projecting like daggers, several Inches from their hats. Some serious accidents had resulted so a legislator decided "there ought to be n law" against long and It was passed after considerable but not particularly heated hat-pin- s 31 "Trie Laws of Moses and of Today b4 D. R. Fitzpatrick. of 1925 Pulitzer Prize Cartoon the StLouis debate. In these days of bobbed hair and close s are virtually unknown, so fitting hats the law was no longer needed. But it took the law makers of Massachusetts 15 years to get around to finding that out It took them even longer to get around to finding out about certain other obsolete enactments. Slavery was abolished many years ago In Massachusetts and it became one of the hotbeds of abolitionism which finally brought about the Civil war. But In 1923 it was discovered that there still remained on the statute books, and presumably in full force, a law which speci fied that anyone who "sells or in any way transfers the service or labor of a negro who has been unlawfully taken from the commonwealth shall be punished by a ten year term In state prison or a fine of $1,000." Speak of Massachusetts In connection with laws which have been enacted in that state and one Inevitably thinks of the famous "blue laws" which are commonly associated with the word Puritanism." Such an association is often an Inaccurate one, for the fact Is that other states besides Massachusetts have had "blue laws." Gustavus Myers, in "Ye Olden Blue Laws," points out the Puritans' decree in 1G29 against the planting of tobacco was the beginning, of the whole code of inhibitive laws. The fight against tobacco was a losing one, he says, because the average Puritan liked tobacco so well that he not only smoked but drank it. The law was held Invalid by a court decision in 1GS0. The next battle was against fashion; In 1C31 the general court of Massachusetts passed a summary act. "The stated grounds for the law," said Mr. Myers, "were the need of strict economy and the immodesty of the new fashions. Costly apparel, the law said, entailed great, superfluous and unnecessary expenses. The common wearing of silver or gold girdles, silk laces, hat bands and other such adornment was a folly. "It was therefore decreed that no man or woman was thereafter to make or buy any ap parel, whether woolen, silk or linen, with any lace on it. Neither should It contain any silver. gold or silk thread. If any person presumed to appear In clothes of that kind the clothes were to be confiscated. "One of the Puritans' very first laws was one against Idleness. This did not mean merely shiftlessness. A couple of women excbanirlna ;ossip (which was then the sole vehicle of news) ; a youth sitting on a stump ami contemplating landscape beauties; a group of men In expansive social converse all these and many others came under the ban of Idleness. "Death for cursing or striking parents was de hat-pin- creed." As for the "blue laws" In other colonies, Mr. Myers states that In New York pastimes on Sun days were forbidden as well as worldly labor uid this included hunting, shooting, horse rac- ng and other acts. Connecticut followed the lead of Massachusetts In classifying actors as vagabonds mid forbidding acting and plavs. Death was long the punishment for blasphemy. iccordmg to one of Connecticut's twelve capital aws based upon the .Mosaic code, but there Post-Dispa- tch appears to be no case recorded where this penalty was Inflicted. We commonly think of the Cavaliers of Vir" than the ginia as being more Puritans of New England but compulsory church attendance was one of the Initial Virginia laws. The penalty for violation was a fine of a pound of tobacco. If a person stayed away for a month the fine was of tobacco. ' - Some of thefifty pounds early day fox hunting ministers of Virginia often acted in a manner that created scandal, but when they were criticized they obtained a law preventing the people from commenting upon their conduct. The clergy and the church wardens and vestries were censors of morals and inquisitors of public and private life. "The stocks, pillory, whipping post and ducking stool came much later in Virginia than in New England," says Mr. Myers, "but they were set up In every county court house. Anyone, either drunk or sober so ordered the Virginia army regulations of 1670 'who blasphemed the? name of God should, for every offense, run the gauntlet through one hundred men or thereabouts.' And If the blasphemer persisted in hia wickedness he was 'to be bored through the tongue with a hot iron." But lest residents of other states get the idea j. that the commonwealths on the Atlantic seaboard, with their heritage of "blue laws" from colonial days, are the only ones whose statuU books have been, or still are, cluttered up with legal oddities and absurdities, consider now th case of a middle western state. Away back in the early days of Illinois the legislature of that state passed what was known as "the little bull bill." Unlike some other legislation, however, it did not have to wait long before It was repealed. By this act small bulls were prohibited. uiiuer eevere penalties on tneir owners, irom running at large. It was designed to improve tha breed of cattle In the prairie state, but it became apparent that passing such a law was not the way to do It. Immediately there arose a storm of populai indignation. The "little bulls" found hundreds of champions. The law was denounced as being the "work of the aristocrats" and intended to favor the rich who could afford to own large bulls, and who would profit by the destruction of the small ones. More than that the outraged citizenry felt there should be an equality of privilege even among bulls. So the frightened legislators Immediately repealed the "little bull" bill, but it was not done soon enough to sav some of the legislators from the ire of their constituency. Many an embryo statesman In that legislature was lost to his country because he voted for that bill and many of them failed of . on that Issue alone. If space allowed, the list of useless laws, ot unnecessary laws, of laws which are destined to become so much legal deadwood could be extended Indefinitely and it would Include every state in the Union. For the business of making laws still goes merrily on and still we, disregarding the fact that we already have between 2,000,000 and 10,000,000 of them, continue to declare every so often, "There ought to be a law I" Yes, (here ought to he a law, Indeed a law against making more laws! ( by Wttttri Newspaper Union.) "broad-minded- |