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Show Thursday, November 15, PAGE TWO News Review of Current Events the World Over Nation Indorses President and the New Deal at the Polls Democrats Cain Nine Seats in the Senate. By EDWARD W. C bjr ROOSEVELT arid Dealers had every reatwm to gloat over the results of the elections, for, generally exalt ing, their policies and acta were endorsed by the cltl-len- s of the United PRESIDENT States by what amounted to a real X liindtflliks. The Dem- ocrats gained nln seats In tlie United States senate; and err on Incomplete re- turns, appeared to tout ntinnt Joseph Cuffey MlS theW prCBe, strength In the lower house. tiiivA Outstanding among the ninny was that Democratic victories scored In Pennsylvania, That state has not previously sent a Democrat to the senate In a half a century, but this time Joseph Guffey, the party boss, rode roughshod over Senator David A. Reed, lead-in- s adversary of the New Deal, and sent him to the discard. Two other persistent critics of the administration who were retired were Senator Simeon II. Fess of Ohio, beaten by former Gov. Vic Dona-he- y : and Senator Arthur R, Robinson of Indiana, soundly walloped by Sherman Minton. Hatfield of West Virginia, Waloott of Connecticut, Ilehert of Rhode Island, Kenn of New Jersey, Goldsborough of Maryland and Patterson of Missouri, all Republican senators, must give up their seats respectively to young Rush D. Holt, Francis T. Maloney. Peter O. Gerry, A. Harry Moore, George L. Raddlffe and Harry S. Truman, all Democrats. Upton Sinclair, the extreme radical, had the fun of scaring California out of Its wits with his EPIC camialgn for the governorship, and at little or no expense to himself; but the national administration had turned him down and the Republican nominee. Gov. Frank F. Mer-riawon by a handsome majority. So the wealthy "refugees" who make California their home decided not to abandon the stnte. Hiram Johnson, being the nominee of everyone for goes back to the senate. Wisconsin remained true to the La Follette dynasty even though It had created a new "Progressive" party for Its own uses. Senator Bob La Follette had been patted on the head by President Roosevelt, and John M. Callahan. Democratic nominee for the senate, was not acceptable to the admin- h istration because he was a friend of AI Smith; so Rob came through with Sherman a big plurality ever Minton Callahan and John B. Chappie, the Republican candidate. To clinch the victory of the third party. Philip La Follette was elected governor again,- - defeating Gov. Albert Schmedeman, Democrat, and Howard T. Greene, Republican. There was a crumb of comfort for the Republicans In the of Senator Arthur H. PICK ARD KHtwi Ntmvim I'nloa. Vanden-ber- g of Michigan, who has condemned parts and espoused other parts of the New Deal. One other crumb, less comforting, was afforded them In Maryland where Albert C. Ritchie was defeated in bis attempt to annex a fifth consecutive term as governor. He was beaten by Harry V. Nice, a Republican of Baltimore whom Ritchie defeated for the same place In 1919. This did not make administration men weep much. The old line Republicans succeeded In Senator Austin In Vermont and Senator Townsend in Delaware. Illinois, New Tork and Massachusetts were among the states that were swept by the Democrats. In the first named they took Ave house seats from the Republicans, the defeated Included the veteran Fred Britten. New Yorkers returned Dr. Royal S. Copeland to the senate and H. H. liehman to the governorship by tremendous majorities. Senator David I. Walsh was reelected In Massachusetts, and .Tim Curley, three times mayor of Boston, wns made governor. In the main the Democratic campaign had bepn skilfully conducted under' the leadership of Postmaster Jim Farley. A fight to oust the "ins" always Is difficult, and the Republicans In their hearts had not hoped for much. They did not get even the little they had expected. For at least two years President Roosevelt Is assured of full support by congress for whatever policies and experiments he may undertake, and the voters of the nation have told him to ahead tad do what he can to restore the country to prosperity. FIRST of thea administration chiefs pecb, Information of those who FOR the bazy as te what ths Ger- manic Faith movement Is all about, here are the nine commandments to Just iKsued for the replace the ten commandments of the Christian Bible: 1. Honor the deity, the World foundation. 2. Honor ancestors and grandchildren. 8. Honor the great of thy people. 4. Honor thy parents. 5. Keep yourself clean. 6. B loyal to your people, 7. Do not steal, a Be truthful. 9. Help the noble. f JNDEIt HqW Light on the Early H iAory in te' the auspices of the tlonal Association of Manufacturers, a drive has been started "to prevent labor union coercion," and all state legislatures, when they convene, are to be asked to enact sir specific provisions "for the purpose of fixing the legal responsibility of labor organizations for their acts." The association says It la moved to this course because It believes the federa" government Is at last aware of the "terrorism" practiced by union members against other employees who desire to act. , r J it The laws to be asked of legislatures are: 1. To make sympathetic strikes a 9, and sympathetic lockouts Illegal. 2. To make both employers and unions equally responsible for the observance of contracts. 3. To make It Illegal for any association of employers or employees to expel, suspend, fine or otherwise punish members refusing to participate In an Illegal strike or lockout. voted on states SEVKN of 4. To make picketing Illegal prohibition and only when It Is carried on In such a manKansas, still stoutly Republican, re- ner as to Intimidate or coerce emmained dry. The others, all turnor customers. ing wet, were Florida, West Vir- ployees 5. To declare Illegal employment South Dakota, Wy- contracts ginia, Nebraska, requiring a person either oming and Idaho. to Join or not to Join any labor orIn Nebraska Senator George Nor-rl- s succeeded In putting over bis ganization. 8. To require written consent of pet amendment to the state con- the employee before the deduction stitution providing for a small of any part of bis wages for the a legislature, and there Is of organization dues may belief that he will run for gov- payment be made. ernor In 10.16 to guide the experiment. Under the amendment, the GORMAN, head of 19.15 legislature will pick a numFRANCIS .J.Textile Workers' comber of legislators between 30 anj mittee the recent that directed 50 for Its successor. Annual salaries will be determined strike. In a letter to G. A. Sloan, head of the Cotton by dividing the number Into Textile institute, said that union labor would be glad crew of the to OFFICERS and with are held to blame the Industry In defor the heavy loss of life when th? veloping new marliner burned. In the government's kets for the output V aton no but the disaster, report nniiniuiri of the factories. tempt Is made to fix the origin of He declared that the fire that took 114 lives. after controversies By ELMO SCOTT WATSON "After a careful examination of HEN, where and by whom was . ' had been Ironed out the wreck and evaluation of the the by the first Thanksgiving day celefederal submitthe F. J. Gorman report testimony." says board named as a brated in the United States? ted by Dlckerson N. Hoover, assistof the strike, representatives "Why, by the Pilgrims at Plyant director of the steamboat In- result of the two sides could "begin conmouth In 1G21, of course 1" you spection service. "It Is not possible ferences looking toward the Imreply. to state what the exact cause was." of the industry." But you're wrong! Blame for the catastrophe Is provement comIt's true that the Pilgrim FaMentioning the Increased placed by the government also on petition for Japanese goods and thers held a Thanksgiving day the construction of the vessel Itself. other factors which caused demand celebration that year, but since Plymouth was an fur textiles to fall ''milEnglish colony it Isn't strictly accurate to say Russia celebrated the lions American of yards" below production caSOVIET that It was celebrated 'in the United States" bethe of anniversary ne said: cause the United States of America didn't come pacity, with a Bolshevist revolution parade "A part of the purpose of the Into existence until more than 150 years later. of the great Red army before the conferences 1 which have In mind The first Thanksgiving day celebration held tomb of I.enln In Moscow, and at would be to create Joint employer-unio- n after we had become a nation took place In the same time the Comintern, or machinery for the expansion 1789 and It Is more analagous to our present-da- y Third Internationale, Issued by and extension of the textile market. observance of the holiday than the Pilgrims' the an the to tollers of cable appeal would be In fura Such program because It came about as the recommon Thanksgiving front therance of the Interests world to unite In a of worksult of a Presidential proclamation. Most Amerngalnst Imperialist wars and Fas- ers and employers alike. icans know that It was George Washington who cism. "The union has a definite contriissued the first Presidential Thanksgiving day seek to and proGermany "Japan In the development proclamation but few, perhaps, realize that the voke war and this war can only be bution to make of marketing possibilities and the Idea originated in the mind of Alexander Hamilpostponed by the union of all prolepower. ton, our first secretary of the treasury, and that tarians Into a solid front for a fight extension of consuming of course, the union cannot the first official step toward carrying it out was against capitalism," said the mes- But, contribute Its effort except In cotaken by congress rather than by the Chief sage. with the organized Executive. Asserting Fascism Is In power In operation Last year while Col. Edwin A. Halsey, secreGermany, Austria, Italy, and Poof the United States senate, and James D. tary land, the Comintern branded this an- as a threat to the laboring masses D RESIDENT ROOSEVELT Preston, senate librarian, were unearthing many nounced that, beginning July 1, old documents which date back to the beginnings of all countries and a menace to 1935, he will eliminate the 5 per cent of the republic and having these manuscripts the Soviet union. pay cut that is now taken out of restored and bound In specially designed books utterly the salaries of all federal em- to preserve them for future generations, they GASTON DOUMERGUE. ' to make headway ployees. The pay restoration, he came upon the congressional resolution which the brought about the first official Thanksgiving day against the political schemers In explained, is being planned on the French cabinet, has resigned assumption that increases In the celebration In the United States. cost of living necessitate It the premier ship The story back of this "historic first" la InThe Treasury department thereand returned to the teresting, even though It Is not a story In which this that admitted upon frankly retirement we can take much pride any more than we can from means the taxpayers will be called be which he was called especially 'Vroud of the celebration which remilon an additional fifty to pay last February to sulted. Involved In it Is the story of the Jeallion dollars a year for the benefit save the country ousy of two great Americans, Alexander Hamof the 700.000 federal employees ilton and Thomas from Imminent civJefferson, a story In which who will benefit by the restoration il war. The six politics, as usual, played a none too admirable In salaries. 1 Radical Social s t Mr. Roosevelt predicted flatly that part The Idea of a Thanksgiving day celebration ministers, deter-minethe cost of living will advance subto frustrate with Alexander Hamilton who originated stantially within the next eight broached the subject at a meeting of Washinghis plan for constistatethis made When be months. retutional reform, ton's cabinet in New York city, then the capital Gaston ment at his annua) press conferfused the premier's of the nation. In August, 1789. Hamilton, a to ence cautioned also he Doumergus reporters offer to postpone mover In securing the adoption of the prime In cost an Increase discussion of this scheme until after remember that had succeeded In getting his own Constitution, comIn a regular budget was voted, pro- of living meant an Increase stnte of New Tork to ratify It and this made a theresufficient number of acceptances even though vide the chamber of deputies first modity and property values, lessening the difficulty In paying North Carolina and Rhode Island were still outpassed a three months' budget by Is one of avowed the debts. This side the fold, to assure the permanence of the Doumergue thereupon read his res- alms of the Roosevelt program. new government So Hamilton must have felt ignation, and at the suggestion of He said he expected the rise of Kdouard llerrlot, leader of the Radthat the nation, as well as he, personally, bad and ical Socialists, the entire cabinet food, clothing, fuel, housing, cause for thanksgiving. other living costs to be large enough It Is probable that Hamilton, Instead of pressresigned. 1 to Justify the 5 per cent by July President Lebrun Immediately ing the matter In the cnblnet where It was certo He refused say restoration. asked Pierre taval, foreign mintain to meet with opposition from Thomas Jefthe Increase In governister, to form another coalition gov- whether ferson, the secretary of state and Hamilton's allowed Is which being ernment, but he refused the com- mentIn pay, 1935 federal political enemy, engineered the matter so that Is the budget mission. So the difficult Job was for movement for a national Thanksgiving day the Into be taken as an example for Flan-drlturned over to Plerre-Etlennwould come from congress. At any rate, on Frifollow. to a left Republican who was dustry day, September 25, 1789. Elias Boudlnnt a memminister of public works In the ber of congress from New Jersey, took the floor trou lot of Doumergue cnblnet of the house of representatives and offered a FRANCE Is havingfora which coun resolution Syria, The crisis aroused fear of armed calling npon the Presiden to Issue a try she holds a mandate from the Thanksgiving day proclamation. conflict In Paris between the SoFrench and the of Nations, cialists and the Fascist League In moving that the resolution be ad pted, t groups, for both these parties called high commissioner has suspended said that he "could not think f letting die on their militant elements to be the Syrian parliament sine the session pnss over without offering n opporready for action. There was dan- and assumed virtual dictatorship. tunity to all the citizens of the United States of ger, too, thatr the meeting of war There have been serious disturb- Joining, with one voice. In returning to Almighty economle both to due ances on there, veterans and patriotic societies God their sincere thanks for the many b)Ruing Armistice day would be turned Inio complications and the nationalistic He had poured down upon them." an demonstration. aspirations of the native population. Boudinot's resolution was not unexpected and n Secretary of Commerce Roper said over the radio: "W are not going to have a dictatorship to the left or an autocracy to the rlghL" He Insisted that the Roosevelt recovery program contemplates the restoration of private profits and that. In fact, the government's essential revenues, through the Income tax, are dependent upon private profits. "As soon as future relief requirements can be determined," Secretary Roper said In announcing a new approach to the relief problem, "the major portion of these expenditures should be assumed by the states and localities, with federal assistance supplied only In those Instances where the situation cannot posflbly " wet wlthcut federal aid. We need to discourage the growing tendency to 'let the federal government do It.' " 1931 Ka- - "fie .Li' MjM"'r'"" one-hous- e s y. 1 l Z3 . life mm one-hous- e VfTAlexander U d e Bou-dino- 1 i Elias Boudinot Jefferson's supporters In congress, principally southerners, immediately made known their opposition to the Idea. Representative Aedamus Burke of South Carolina declared that he "did not like this mimicking of European customs, where they made a mere mockery of thanksgiving." He pointed out that "two parties at war frequently sung Te Deum for the same event, though for one It was victory and to the other a defeat." Representative Thomas Tudor Tucker of South Carolina "thought the House had no business to Interfere In a matter which did not concern them." ne suggested that the people might not "be inclined to return thanks for a Constitution until they have experienced that It promotes their safety and happiness." He said further that if a Thanksgiving day must be held the states could institute It. He said that "it is a religious matter, and, as such, is proscribed to us." Through the words of these spokesmen we can hear the voice of Jefferson, protesting against a monarchial trend In the new government against encroachment upon the boundary line which had been fixed between church and state and against any Invasion of "states rights." In answer to these protests Boudinot "quoted further precedents from the practice of the late Congress" and Representative Roger Sherman of Connecticut rallied to his support, declaring that the practice of thanksgiving was "warranted by a number of precedents In Holy Writ: for Instance, the solemn thanksgivings and rejoicings which took place In the time of Solomon, after the building of the temple, was a case In point" The resolution was carried and Representatives Boudinot, Sherman and Peter Silvester of New York were appointed by the house committee to wait upon the President The senate, on the following day, adopted the resolution, appointing Senators William Samuel Johnson of Connecticut and Ralph Izard of South Carolina to be the senate members of the committee. this committee waited on the Accordingly President and on October 3 Washington Issued the proclamation In which he recommended that Thursday, November 26, be observed by the people of the United States as a day of Hamilton had won the first maneuver over his rival but there were still stormy days ahead for hira. For now arose the question of how the celebration should be carried out and, of course, the two statesmen were at odds on that Hamilton proposed a monster parade of military officials and governmental dignftaries, headed by President Washington. Jefferson, opposed as he was to all displays of pomp and circumstance, protested against such a celebration. He appar ently won his point, for It was determined that the day was a domestic holiday and should be observed In the privacy of the home after the New England tradition. Accordingly Mrs. Washington began making plans ror a levee in the true colonial style at the Executive Mansion In Franklin Squnre to which every one of consequence In New York was Invited. It promised to be a great social occasion so It was eagerly looked forward to by the Deans and belles of the city. But even though Jefferson had outmaneuvered him In this respect, Hamilton was not yet ready to admit defeat. He began organizing all kinds of public festivities to upset the plans of those who wished to celebrate the day quietly. Al though Jefferson held himself somewhat aloof from the preparations for the celebration, word of this latest antagonism between the two cabinet members had leaked out and two different factions of celebrntors began to form In New York. More than that, factions formed In Ros- ton and Philadelphia also and considerable bit terness between them became evident So as the day for the celebration of the first official Thanksgiving approached. It became plain that It would be a day of partisanship and rather than one of rejoicing and gratitude, as Wash ington had hoped It would be. Thomas Jefferson History records that this first national Thanks giving day In New York was fair and warm even though It was late In November. The festivities opened with a parade In the morning as Hamilton had planned and the secretary of the treas ury reviewed it from In front of Fraunces tavern, that historic Inn where Washington had said farewell to his officers at the close of the Rev olution. After the parade Hamilton was host at a great feast In the tavern and It Is this first official Thanksgiving dinner to which we can look back, but not with any great pride, for It degenerated Into a disgraceful brawl. Hamilton could not be present for the entire affair. He was to have remained long enough to respond to a toast and then leave for the President's mansion, where his official presence was required by his position in the President's cnblnet. While most of the city had been holding Its noisy celebration, Washington hnd attended church and at noon began to receive guests at the mansion. But Hamilton was late In arriving at his own party and his guests. Impatient to be at their feasting, sat down without him and began to eat Almost Immediately a disagreement arose among the diners. A certain Lieutenant St Clair, who-hatoasted the festive day not wisely but too well, felt called upon to assert, upon his honor as a gentleman, that he was "perfeciy sober." Whereupon Alderman Tisdal of the city council, who had probably also been toasting the festive day extensively, disputed the statement and called upon St Clair to prove that he was sober. St Clair's retort was to seize a bottle from the table and hurl It, not at Tisdal nor at anyone In particular but at the whole company In general Fortunately It hit none of them but It did throw the room Into an uproar. And Into the tavern a moment later walked their host Alexander Hamilton, to look upon a shameful scene' In which food, glassware and china and guests were all In a heap. Hamilton, dreading the scandal that would result If the story of the affair became known, set about swiftly to restore order. Enough quiet was obtained so that he was able to make his speech. Then he departed, probably with a real thanksgiving feeling In his heart to escape from such guests. But unfortunately for Hamilton, rumors of the disorder in Fraunces tavern had already reached Washington's ears and the President was plainly disturbed by the fact that what he had intended to be a quiet religious holiday had been turned Into a rowdy affair by the friends of his secretary of the treasury. So when Hamilton arrived the President no time in questioning him about what had tak- en place. When he learned that a young soldier of the United States army had been Injured In a disgraceful brawl, especially at a gathering pre- sumably for the purpose of giving thanks. to God for the blessings of "good government peace and concord," his anger was aroused to the extent that he demonstrated again, as he did when he rebuked Charles Lee on the battlefield of that he knew how to use strong language when the occasion called for It "It is disgraceful, by , sir!" spoke George Washington, and there was nothing left for Alexander Hamilton to do but meekly agree and discreetly withdraw from the presence of his chief without further comment Thus did the political rivalry of two of his cabinet members have a part In detracting from the solemn character which our first President had wished the first Thanksgiving day to bave, and although this may have had nothing directly to do with It, the fact Is that not for five years thereafter did the President again proclaim another ofc'n Thnnksglving i losjX. Mon-mout- by Wtrn Nwppr TJnloa. . |