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Show TUB rACE SIX TIMES-NEW- Thursday, May 11, 1931 NEPIII. UTAH S. declared that training should be guard, so called, usually consisted of troops of the line detailed foi handled by officer who could d rote their entire time to It. An ad the purpose, but without any spe ctal training for such duty. dltlonal section of the headquarter Col. Hansen Ely was selected to staff therefore was established, called the training section, to func organize the police corps snd msde lion under my personal direction. a good beginning In laying tb As chief of this section Col. Paul foundation, but. at bis own request B. Malone was chosen, with Col. be was shortly relieved and seut to 11. & Flske as bis assistant regimental duty. His successor. Col. The British methods of teaching W. IL Allaire, became provost martrench warfare appealed to me very shal general until the following 11 cennirlM br tka strongly. They taught their men to July, when he was relieved by Col. (Csprrltt.lM.la Norih AMfai Nranapai AlliuM. Waild be aggressive and undertook to per- J. C. Croome. Bij Qeneral rtihu mand, iacludia Um bcimllMvUa. fect them In Brig. Gen. II. II. Bandholts, ou fighting fUproductisa la araoia or in pul pmhlrtfrl ) John with bayonet, grenade and dagger. account of his special Alness for Pershing -- WNUSarvtca A certain amount of this kind of such work from his experience as training was necessary to stimulate chief of constabulary In the Philip permanent To tuy mind the solution seemed the morale of troops by giving them pine islands, became the CHAPTER XI Continued. confidence In their own personal head of the corps In September, Not that 1 urn superstitious, quite to be merely a matter of 1911 the contrary, but I Immediately for- tion. Therefore, I established a prowess. Due credit .must be given to each Through the kindness of Sir bade the publication of the portrait purchasing board to consist of on llalg we were fortunate of these olticers, but particularly to and to this duy It has never ap- or more representatives of each Douglas to have as- Bandholtz, for the smart appearservice making purchases of any early In our experience peared Gen. It II. K. ance and the high efficiency of this sort. Including the Red Cross and signed to us Lieut officers Builds Up French Morale. of the force. Butler and other From the time of Nlvelle's failure Y. M. O. A. British army to assist In this IndiIn April the depression In the Lieut Col. Charles 0. Dawes, vidual CHAPTER XIV training. French armies had been so great Seventeenth engineers, well known In response to my request to Later on several French and that Petaln, who succeeded him, as a man of large business experi- British officers also came to lecture Washington for an experienced man liad beeu content simply to hold ence, was appointed as the head of to take charge of rail transportatthe trenches, and no French offen- this board, the members of wlilcb at a number of our schools. Differ on War Principles. ion, V. W. Atterbury, general mansive operation of consequence bad were to meet together and make We found difficulty, however. In ager of the Pennsylvania railroad, been attempted until this one. known their respective needs and From the moment of his assign- then agree among themselves as to using these allied Instructors In arrived In France and reported to ment Pet u In began to build up th where and by which department that the French and, to a large ex- me September 1. 1917. At Atterbury's suggestion a cable shuttered morale of his armies and such purchase was to be mude, thus tent the British had practically sent requesting certain men to probably no other oftlcer In France mutually assisting Instead of com- settled down to the conviction that was 1914 since had fill important positions in the orcould have performed the task so peting with each other. Under the developments well. with the changed the principles of warfare ganization. The list Included J. A. arrangement I'etaln's Immense success In the French was established and the Both held that new conditions lm McRae, general manager of the defense of Verdun had won for him agency became Increasingly effec- posed by trench fighting bad ren- Long Island railroad, for general the confidence of the army and the tive In handling our procurement dered previous conceptions of train- manager, with C M. Bunting aa ing more or less obsolete and that business manager, II. C Booz as country, and yet be remained the activities. same modest, unassuming charac- Couldn't Depend on French R. R.'e preparation for open warfare no engineer for construction and J. U. ter, consistent and conservative. The use of railways for the move- longer was necessary. French pub- Rogers as deputy. The railway He, perhaps better than any other, ment of troops and supplies bad lications and manuals were gener- problem was far from easy, and many were the obstacles to be overunderstood the temperament of the never before attained any such ally In accord with this theory. If the French doctrine had pre- come, both In our own and In the French soldier, whom he handled proportions as In the World war with Infinite patience and tact. and there was no service except vailed our Instruction would have French services. Successful mansea transportation upon which we been limited to a brief period of agement would have been very CHAPTER XII placed greater dependence for our m. a iia I him i iiiuiiiJiiiiiaaauuM.UJi mi i. - J1 '"w,jjj In view of the gravity of our ton- success. It was apparent that we could nage situation, it was highly Important that It be brought forcibly not depend entirely ofon the Frencha failure at to the attention of the allies. without great risk Apropos the approaching Inter- critical moment and It was evident we allied conference on shipping, I that If expected the maximum cabled Washington August 23, 1917. efficiency In this service we must own personnel as well our In part as follows: The provide British and, especially, the French as additional locomotives and cars, have reached absolute limit of man nil to be as far as practicable unpower and any augmentation their der American mangement. With this plan In view commendmilitary force cannot be expected toImperative hasten our organization able progress had been made orand training so that we will hare ward both procurement and the troops contemplated your proj ganization by Colonel Taylor, and estimates for rolling ect In Europe for active service by complete stock and construction at ports, May or June. "Military activities of allies on terminals and yards, including an land should be strongly reinforced accurate survey of building and by combined navies and destruction equipment requirements, had been bases accomplished If pos- made under his direction by MaJ. sible. High British army officers W. J. Wllgus, formerly vice presiNew York Central, confidentially condemn waiting pol- dent of the In view afterward a colonel, who had been icy British admiralty. of gravity of shipping question a member of the Parsons board. recommend our government insist These estimates without change upon aggressive policy by combined served as a permanent guide for railway construction plans and maBritish and American navies. Our position In this war terial. of Transportation Corps. Building in France Used as School for Officers of the A. E. F. very strong. . . . Allies now fully Creation As with the procurerecognize dependence upon our co- ment of and aiaintenance material training for trench fighting. A new doubtful under a leader without Atoperation and we need not hesitate and equipment we were confronted army brought up entirely on such terbury's patience, ability and force demand both aggressive naval with the vital question of organizaprinciples would have been serious- of character. policy and full share commercial tion Visits to our training areas by for operation and management, ly handicapped without the protecRecommend American shipping. we had no officers In the regu- tion of the trenches. It would prob- the French, official and otherwise, representative shipping conference but lar service of sufficient experience ably have lacked the aggressiveness had become rather frequent. One be instructed accordingly." Numbers of officers of all armies In railway management to Insure to break through the enemy'B lines of the visitors, M.JeorgeaTOlemen-ceau- , who always remained, a Therefore the evident and the knowledge of how to carry felt very strongly that to check the success. power even when not In any official losses by submarines the two navies course to pursue, to which the prec- on thereafter. It was evident that the victory position (Clemenceau was not then should take some risk and attempt edent of both British and French to destroy the bases from which pointed the way, was to create i could not be won by the costly proc- prime minister), called at the headcorps Immediately ess of attrition, but that we should quarters of the First division, acthese boats operated. It Is not transportation known whether any steps were ever under the direction of some man of have to drive the enemy out Into companied by General de Castel-nau- . taken to convey this suggestion to outstanding reputation In the rail- the open and engage him in a war road world. In accordance with the of movement. Instruction in open Clemenceau Urges Action. the combined navies. In the course of the conversation of obtaining the most com warfare was based upon Individual Meanwhile, a study by a Joint principlemen for Important positions and group Initiative, resourceful with General Sibert, the division French and American commission petent of the question of production of the following cable was sent July ness and tactical judgment, which commander, M. Clemenceau, with were of equal advantage in trench considerable emphasis, urged that powders and explosives In France 29:"Have made our troops be put Into the line withthorough study of warfare. showed that the greater part of the Therefore, we took decided Issue out delay. It was explained to him raw materials must be Imported and railroad situation and am convinced operation of railroads must with the allies, and, without neg by General de Castlenau that as that, due to the shipping situation. that France In December would produce be under man with large experi- lectlng thorough preparations for soon as they were sufficiently adence in managing commercial rail- trench warfare, undertook to train vanced the troops of the division only about half of the current outat home. Successful han- mainly for open warfare, with the were to be placed by brigades with put. It was apparent, therefore. roads our railroad lines so Impor- object from the start of vigorously the French in a quiet sector near dling tant that ablest men In country forcing the offensive. Luneville. M. Clemenceau went on to say should be selected. After almost Rifle Practice Urged. disastrous results with Inexperi Intimately connected with the that America had now been In the enced military men running rail question of training for open war- war several months and the French roads British selected ablest man fare was the matter of rifle prac- people were wondering when they could find to have charge transpor tice. The earliest of my cable- expected to take an active part. He tation. grams on this subject was In Au- said that the French army was "Question here mainly one of gust. In which It was urged tha" exhausted by the war and that its physical operation and management thorough Instruction In rifle prac- morale was poor. He Insisted then, In intimate relation with French, tice should be carried on at home as he did with even greater vehewho retain general control, which because of the difficulty of giving mence later on In an official caIs necessary to handle ordinary It In France: pacity, that It was not so much a commercial traffic. Question of "Study here shows value and de- question of troops being ready as railroad transportation of course in sirability of retaining our existing It was of giving relief to the allies. volves equipment, maintenance and small arms target practice course. Although the division was only new construction at front as army In view of greut difficulty In secur- pnrtially trained It could have been advances, and should be practically ing range In France due to dens used in an emergency, but there inde(endent department, although Ity of the population and cultiva- was nothing threatening In the situnominally under engineers. Rail-ma- tion, recommend as fast as prac- ation at that time and no suggeschosen should be sent here ticable the complete course be given tion had been made that it should without delay, together with three in the United States before troops go into the line for serious work. or four able assistants of his own embark. Special emphasis should The failure of our aviation buselection. Later on It Is believed be placed on rapid Are." reau to keep abreast of airplane dethese men should be given approMy view was that the rifle and velopment In the contending armies priate military rank." still remained the essen- cost us serious delay. bayonet W. In Gen. W. reply, the War department tial weapons of Infantry, and my Atterbury. With a lack of data in the beW. W. recommended Atterbury. cable stressing the fact that the ginning, little progress had been that to avoid calamity the United then ' now general manager and basic principles of warfare had not made at home on our aviation proStates must not only furnish powrailof five months. der and explosives for all of Its president of the Pennsylvania changed, were sent in an endeavor gram at the I for and Immedithe to influence the courses of training Fruitless efforts to describe meplace, own forces, but must supply about road, be he that sent to at home. Unfortunately, however, chanical construction and give defl half the French requirements, and ately requestedno fixed policy of Instruction In th nlte Information concerning prothe War department was so ad- France. various arms, under a single au- duction and otherwise reach devised. CHAPTER XIII By this arrangement a large savthority, ever was carried out there. cisions by cable prompted WashingInsensible to advice, the Inclina- ton to send a special mission to The most important question that ing ef tonnage would be effected, as the weight of raw materials was confronted us In the preparation of tion was to accept the views of France, of which Maj. R. C. Boilten to twenty times that of the fin- our forces of citizen soldiery for French specialists and limit traini- ing was the head. of trench ished product As nitrates for the efficient service was training. Ex- ng to the narrow Through bis ability and expert manufacture of powder and explo- cept for the Spanish American war warfare. Therefore, In large meas- knowledge he rendered exceptional so sives had to be Imported from Chill, nearly twenty years before, actual ure, the fundamentals with those thoroughly service in the hazard to shipping would be re- combat experience of the regular taught at West Point for a century In control of allied aviation and In or were more had less been limited to the Inde duced by avoiding the long haul to army neglected. furnishing the necessary technical The responsibility for the failure information upon which to base acFrance. Millions of dollars were pendent action of minor commands In In to extake to and of War the of the two the construction tion at home. The investigations department Philippines expended plants at home In an attempt to peditions Into Mexico, each with positive action on my recommenda- made by his mission confirmed the In a matters fall upmust none such had been modern tions but forces smaller Amerthan view that our manufacturers could produce nitrates, on the military head of the departturned out before the end of Uie ican division. not begin to furnish planes before war. The World war Involved the han ment, which was the general staff. the summer of 1918. Dawes Made Supply Chief. After Inquiry as to French cadllng of masses where even a di Military Police Provided. In view of the uncertainty of ob- vision was relatively a small anlt. The maintenance of good order pacity to turn out planes, I made a taining wore than. a limited amount It was one thing to call l.ooo.oou or among our troops under the pecu contract with the air ministry late of oieaa tonnage" It "was natural 2.0OO.IHXI men to the colors, and liar conditions of service In France In August committing us to an exthat we should procure abroad as quite another thing to transform was most Important and for thl penditure of $00.1MXUXX) for 5,000 large a proportion of supplies as them Into an organized. Instructed purpose a military police was essen- planes and 8,r00 engines, to be deforce, under the con- livered as rapidly as possible at possible, and our supply depart army capable of meeting am) hold tial. Such ments began at once to make In- Ing Its own In battle against the trol oX provost marshal general, Intervals before the first of June 1918, on condition that we should quiries to meet the demands for best trained force inwarEurope with corresponded to the police departconstruction material, subsistence three years' actual experience ment In a well organized city, ex- provide certain tools and raw mastores and engineerirg equipment. to its credit. cept that Its Jurisdiction Included terials. To make a contract to paj A general scheme of schools tor only those In the military service. such an amount Many sources of general supply had appeared somewhat E. A. F. was prepared by the The British, whose situation wa bold, but under the circumstance been developed by the French and the own. we soon found ourselves not only operations and training section, but similar to our gave us helpful some one had to take thi Initiative in competition with them and the In order that this Instruction should Information regarding tkelr system, In providing planes needed at once uniform a as be and as pos- which, with British but our different departslight modification, for the development of our al complete ments also began to bid against sible and at the same time be co- was adopted for our armies. force. In I our with ordinated other activities, (TO BI CONTINUED. each other. previous wars, the provost School Children Recover Their Savings Qeneral Pershing's Story of the A. E. F. baud-to-han- J. - i) life J f . r, - $ School children who saved their pennies In the thrift fund of the defunct Vlneland (N. J.) Trust comby the state department of banking and Insurance, received every cent back through the generosity of Col. Evan E. Kimble, head of the Tradesmen's Bank and Trust company. The children are here seen cheering for Colonel Kimble, who Is In the center of the group. pany, closed last June New Christian Science Publishing House Architect's drawing of the building to be erected in Boston for the Christian Science Publishing society at a cost of about $3,000,000. It will stand opposite the Mother church edifice and will be of the Italian renaissance type, the lower story being of granite and the upper stories of limestone. i iMlii "... wummm it ".I H1 m J, .V,e-- ' 3k. fc Four Pulitzer Award Winners AIDS SECRETARY DOAK ... "... jf' n J i-- & y A new portrait study of John Joseph Leary, Jr., noted New York Journalist and Pulitzer prize winner of 1919, who has been appointed a special representative of the secretary of labor to made a study of European public employment agencies. CHAMPION ORATOR Z3k t". , 1 k I A -- 'S M Among those winning Pulitzer awards for 1930 are: (1) Sasan' Glaspell, for the play "Allison's House"; (2) Edmund DufTy ef the Baltimore Sun for the best cartoop of the year; (3) Bemadotte R. Schmltt of the University of Chicago for his book "The Coming of the War"; (4) H. R. Knickerbocker of the Philadelphia Public Ledger for the best example of foreign correspondence. el Here's First Television Wedding - E. Gregson Bautzer of the Uni- versity of Southern California, who won the international oratorical ' championship In the contest In Honolulu, defeating the leading college orators of the United States and Japan. Highwayman "Hero" Turpin, famous English highwayman, was born In Hempstead, Essex county, England, 170A His father was Innkeeper and apprenticed Richard to a butcher. He stole his master's cattle and. on being discovered, fled and Joined He wan a gang of highwaymen. associated with Tom King, whom be fatally shot while trying to protect him from arrest He escaped for some time, but was finally captured and executed. i 'i !" " f " Z Dick in - h y. f is m r . Expressive Epitaph An epitaph on a tombstone at Mount Vernon which speaks of thp beauty and brains oC the deceased Is part of the Inscription on the shaft over the grave of Nelly Cus-tl- s and reads: "This lady was not more remarkable for the beauty of her person than for the superiority of her mind," 1f V - , International Du Vail and Grace Jones being made man and wife Ky Dr. A. Edwin Kelgwin (center). In New York p the first television cere- Frank mony ever witnessed. The television "eye" broadcast the sight of the bride and groom while the radio broadcast the synchronized "I do's." j |