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Show Millard County Chronicle Thursday, March 21, 1963 Barley Yield . . . (Continued from peceding page) last irrigation should be given when the grain is 90 to 100',, m head. When irrigations were stopped stop-ped at an earlier date, yields were markedly decreased. An extra Irrigation Irri-gation following this gave very little benefits. This has been checked check-ed over a period of three or four years giving the same results each time. Exceptions to this rule were found on fields where grain was thin or short. To find out why the thin grain suffered more than the heavy grain the study last year was made of the soil temperature to see if this could be a factor in decreasing the growth of the grain. The temperature tempera-ture in the thick was averaged at about twenty degrees cooler than in moderately thick or thin grain. Even though the soil moisture in the thinner grain was as good or better than in the thick grain, the thin grain showed more signs of drouth. The ideal temperature for barley as given in "Soil Conditions and Plant Growth," a publication sponsored by the American Society of Agronomy, is 68 degrees F., and 86 degrees the growth rate is reduced re-duced to half. The temperature in the thick grain remained very near this ideal of 68 degrees while that in th ethin grain rose to 86 degrees de-grees or above in some cases. This seems adequate evidence for us to give serious concern to this temperature tem-perature problem from the standpoint stand-point of increasing barley yields and increasing it in some cases with the reduction of one irrigation. irriga-tion. In some areas they have used water to reduce the soil temperature tempera-ture to cool the soil and increase the barley yields. The evidence last year shows that it could be done without the water. Nitrogen was added on a field of light soil as a check strip in the middle of the field. The increase as compared to the grain on either side was approximately thirty five bushel per acre. The grain yield was checked as it was combined, with a yield of approximately thirty-five and seventy bushels per acre. The yield, we believe was limited li-mited on the whole field by the lack of irrigation water. It became quite dry before both irrigations. This is interesting from the standpoint stand-point that results were obtained from the nitrogen fertilized field, even though the water was short. Half of another field was phos-phated. phos-phated. The side which had formerly former-ly produced much lighter yields was phosphated. The results this poor side out-produced the good side and the increase occurred on both the good and the poorer land. The estimated increase from the phosphate was thirty to forty bushels bus-hels per acre. An approximate increase in-crease can be expected from the alfalfa which was established with the grain. Not all soils need either phosphate phos-phate or nitrogen fertilizers but many do. The increased yields were obtained without the use of extra water. Those soils most likely to need more phosphate are those which have been farmed for a long time without having manure or phosphate added to them. Of these there are more of the light than heavy soils that respond to phosphate. phos-phate. Phosphate stays In the soil until used by crops. Nitrogen is a different matter; it is readily lost from the soil so" ALL TYPES OF FERTILIZER Complete Fertilizer Service BULK, BAGS OR CUSTOM SPREAD Call Collect AM 5-2721 or AM 5-6505 MINERAL FERTILIZER COMPANY 7200 South Sth West MIDVALE, UTAH c ardware fecials PORTABLE HAND MIXER f ij j I Li ma urn. 12 CUP AUTOMATIC PERCOLATOR REG. $14.50 Lightweight; speeds to mix, whip, beat.. Thumb-tip beater ejector. Lifetime lubricated motor. 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Adjusts up to 90. r r I y DELTA'S A nrDflCTmcnT STOEt" JF if f' . - i ., ...--- MM I ii'iTU'lii ill' llill'llllltflli Tfl'ii I? tjMllSlMI MWllilll llllllllll IM"I UJ '"" ' should be applied as near to the time it is needed by the crop as possible. A good time is usually with the first irrigation after the crop is up. Sixty pounds of available avail-able nitrogen is usually enough. Nitrogen response is usually poor when applied on salty or tight soils or where plant growth is rank. Field trials on a representative border bor-der is the best "check to see what fertilizers will do on your land. To get the best yields it is essential to get the young plant started quickly in order to have a lot of leaf surface over the longest period of time to manufacture the plant food that goes into the barley and sufficient roots to pick up the water wa-ter and plant food, from the salt. The plant foods we might need to supply being nitrogen and phosphate. phos-phate. The larger the root system the more water plants can pick up between irrigations. These vary a lot. In our studies last year at harvest time the roots had taken from the soil fifty per cent of the water ranging in depth from six inches to three feet. In summary the studies showed that loose to firm soil is warmer than packed soil and young plants start more rapidly on them and better stands were obtained. Following Fol-lowing this two week establishment establish-ment period water was the most important factor fertilizers nitrogen nitro-gen or phosphate as needed next. After the two week establishment period the plants which were supplied sup-plied with adequate nitrogen and phosphate grew faster, stooled more and gave the higher yield. Keep the plants sufficiently wet for good growth until in head at which time the last irrigation can begiven. Water after this time showed little benefit except where the plants were short or thin. A heavy growth of forage shading the ground reduced the soil temperature tem-perature by about twenty degrees on July 2nd and kept the soil temperature tem-perature very close to the ideal range of 68 degrees F. Three to four irrigations were needed to give the best results. The ground got quite dry when only two irrigations were used. However, How-ever, 35 to 75 bushels per acre were obtained on barley in 1962 when only 2 irrigations were applied. Where the barley was planted from the moisture from the rain and snow one irrigation less was needed. need-ed. When grain is planted later than early April an extra irrigation will likely be required. Rep. L. J. Burton Receives 7,000 Questionnaires Congressman Laurence J. Burton, today reported the number of questionnaires ques-tionnaires being returned to his office had reached a peak, with nearly seven thousand received to date. "It is gratifying to me, "Representative "Re-presentative Burton said, "to see the interest the people of Utah have in the issues before their Congress. Con-gress. I feel that a great deal of good can be derived from this questionnaire, because not only are a large number of people returning their answers, but also a large percentage per-centage of people are taking time to use the space provided for comments." com-ments." "Many letters ranging in length from one to seven pages have been sent me expressing further views, after the questionnaire has been filled out. Although the variety of thoughts is too numerous to mention, men-tion, the bulk of the statements written are concerned with: our national debt and tax reduction; our country's actions in regard to Cuba, and Federal aid to education. educa-tion. "Although the tabulation of the answers is being made by my staff," the Congressman continued, "I am personally reading each questionnaire which has comments, in order that I might fully know the sentiment of the people of my district when the total tabulation is completed." Representative Burton urged all persons who have not as yet returned re-turned the questionnaire to do so as soon as possible. "In order for the information to be effective," he said, "It is vital to have it within with-in the near future, as many of the issues included in the questionnaire will be before Congress in the very near future." Owners of Agricultural Property Paid 38.2 of 1962 Millard County Tax Bii Owners of agricultural property paid $304,610 or 38.2 of the total tax bill in Millard County last year, according to a study just completed complet-ed by Utah Foundation, the private tax research organization. Through out the state, property taxes levied against agricultural property a-mounted a-mounted to $6,306,489 or 6.5 of the total charged against all classes class-es of property. The Foundation report also shows that $147,485 or 18.5 of all property taxes imposed in Millard County in 1962 was charged to residential re-sidential property; $296,140 or 37.2 to commercial and industrial property; $44,845 or 5.6 to motor vehicles, and $3,752 or 0.5 to other oth-er property categories. These percentages per-centages compare with statewide averages of 31.5 for residential property, 54.7 for commercial and industrial property, 6.7 for motor vehicles, and 0.5 for other property. pro-perty. According to the Foundation study, stu-dy, a much larger proportion of the property tax burden in Utah is placed on business and industry than is the case in most other states. A recently released U. S. Bureau of Census survey disclosed that among 22 states for which complete property assessment information in-formation was received, Utah had the highest proportion of its total assessed valuation in the commercial commer-cial and industrial category. Foundation analysts point out that despite the fact that the State Constitution prescribes a uniform and equal rate of assessment and taxation, some types and classes of property in Utah have been assessed assess-ed at a much higher proportion of current value than other classes. Present assessment formulas employed em-ployed in Utah attempt to assess most classes of business and industrial in-dustrial property as well as motor vehicles at something in excess of 25 of present market values with residential and agriculture property proper-ty generally assessed below 20 of current value. There has been increased recognition of this problem prob-lem during recent years, and the State Tax Commission has taken steps to reduce existing differentials. different-ials. Total property taxes imposed in Millard County last year amounted to $796,832, according to the Foundation Foun-dation study. Of this sum $555,953, or 69.8, was levied for school purposes; $59,069 or 7.4 for municipalities mu-nicipalities (cities and towns); $124,035, or 15.6, for county government; gov-ernment; $38,195 or 4.8 for spe cial purpose districts, and $19,580 or 2.5 for animal control (bounty) (boun-ty) purposes. The report shows that total property pro-perty taxes charged throughout Utah amounted to $96,568,098. School taxes (state and local) were equal to $63.6 million (65.8 of the total), municipal taxes totaled $14.4 million (15.0), county taxes amounted to $15.1 million (15.6), special district levies were $3.3 mil lion (3.5), and bounty taxes were equal to $132,000 (0.1). Although there has been considerable consid-erable economic growth in Utah during recent years, the Foundation study discloses that the new industries in-dustries coming into Utah have not added proportionately to the property pro-perty tax base. In fact, the average amount of commercial and industrial indust-rial valuation per nonagricultural employee in Utah has actually declined de-clined from $2,985 per worker in 1955 to $2,749 in 1962. As a result, when new families are attracted into the community without commensurate com-mensurate new investment by the employers of these families, added pressures are placed on the existing exist-ing tax base. Another problem cited in the Utah Foundation report, is the expanding ex-panding number of governmental units authorized to impose a property pro-perty tax. Because of overlapping taxing authorities, there were 409 separate tax areas in Utah last year, each with its own overall tax rate. This multiplicity of taxing tax-ing areas creates major problems in local tax administration. The report notes that while there is much resentment against property pro-perty tax by home owners, the property pro-perty tax on residences constitutes only a small part of the overall Federal, state, and local tax burden bur-den paid by most individuals. In Utah only about 5 of the total taxes paid to all governmental u-nits u-nits last year was derived from property taxes levied against residential resi-dential property, compared with 7 for the entire nation. In spite of all its shortcomings and criticisms by taxpayers and tax experts, the Foundation observes ob-serves that the property tax re mains an Important part of the state and local tax structure of all states. It is still the chief source of state and local revenue in Utah and is second only to the Federal income tax as a revenue producer throughout the nation. Because of this proven ability to bring in the revenue, the Foundation report concludes that the property tax "will continue to be a major tax revenue source for local units of government for a long time to come." Don't try for endurance records on the highway. Stop the car every so often and let the whole family get out and stretch their legs. It's good for the circulation, the Utah Heart Association says. Buy from Iiitcrmouutaiii Farmers Ass'n REX WOOD Branch Mgr. for your fertilizer , needs 1 a Tflll f ffliTTii isWnii iiflirr itii nn in m im n in LOOK IN YOUH ATTIC OR. THE BASEMENT YOU MIGHT HAVE SOMETHING THAT IS WORTHLESS WORTH-LESS TO YOU. BUT SOMEONE ELSE WOULD LIKE TO HAVE. A 50c CLASSIFIED MAY KILL 2 BIRDS WITH ONE STONE ... . ONLY THE BEST r case. DEALER'S , SEAU comes "tiiii iml QUALITY All Gold Seal used machines ma-chines are thoroughly checked, reconditioned, and worn or broken parts replaced. 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