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Show WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS British Take Offensive Role in Africa, Capture Sidi Barrani, 40,000 Italians; Knudsen Deplores Defense Work Lag; Roosevelt Proposes More British Aid (EDITOR'S NOTE WhB plnleni art aaprakaad In the etlomns, thay ara ioaaa af tha new anolyal and sot nenMaarily e( kbit nawapapar.) IReleaaed by Weatern Newapaper GENERALSHIP: History Repeats 'Twas the night before Christmas. The year was 17.76. Hessian soldiers sol-diers under the command of the British had captured New York and moved across New Jersey toward Philadelphia. George Washington was in retreat. He got across the Delaware first. The Hessians had a superior and better equipped force; they were flush with victory. Few in the Colonial Colo-nial army even had shoes to protect them from the ice and snow. So the invaders, in a mellow mood, established es-tablished a strong force to protect their front and then celebrated the portending victory. Meanwhile Washington gathered boats from nearby towns. The Hessian Hes-sian front door was closed to him, so he ferried 2,000 selected men around the' back, entered from the rear, captured 1,000 prisoners and turned victory into defeat. Something quite comparable to that military fete was occurring this year in Albania. Substitute hot desert des-ert sands for cold winter snows and the same thing was true in Egypt. In Albania, the Italian army was retreating along the Adriatic sea abandoning port after port The fighting there was intense, but more threatening to the Fascist legion was a movement against their left flank which threatened to envelope their entire army and wine out Italian rule in the Balkans. If the force of the Grecian drive could be kept up for another month, victory seemed certain a most remarkable victory of a small, poorly equipped army over a numerically superior and mechanized force. And in Egypt the same kind of tactics by the British drove Marshal Rodolfo Graziani's army back into Libya. Three months earlier the Italians had invaded Egypt and advanced ad-vanced 75 miles to Sidi Barrani. Once there they built an excellent GEN. RODOLFO GRAZIANI The British drove him back. road back to Libya in order to move supplies. Barrani was made im pregnable. But the British General Archibald Wavell didn't bother about the front He went around to the rear, cut the splendid Italian-built road and for a time threatened four Italian divi sions of 80,000 men in a death trap. Half of them escaped, fleeing back to Libya with the British in pursuit, The balance were taken prisoners or were casualties. In both places the Greeks and British turned dismal failure into surprising victory. More important than the victory however was this: The British had taken the offensive for the first time in the war. AID TO ENGLAND: Congress to Decide When President Roosevelt ap pears before the new congress during dur-ing the first week in January, an important part of his message is expected to be devoted to aid to Britain. There has been talk of an outright subsidy to England to help that nation na-tion finance the manufacture of munitions mu-nitions here. Discussion of a loan gets little endorsement The general gen-eral sentiment is that a loan couldn't be paid anyhow and would only cause a headache of misunderstanding misunderstand-ing after the war. An outright gift would have it done and over with. President Roosevelt advanced another an-other scheme. He would "lend" Britain such war materials as we have on hand. This proposal envisions en-visions Britain's use of the material while America held title. After the war it would be returned to the U. S. Neics in a . . . NUTSHELL Babies Just a year to a day after the arrival of triplets to Mr. and Mrs. John Feilmeier, the mother presented her husband with twins. It raised the family to 14 children. In Cushing, Okla., a child weighing one pound, four ounces was born to Mr. and Mrs. R. E. Parker. It was kept alive In a home-made incubator. 1 J. s 'j By Edward C. Wayne government That which could not be returned in as good shape as it was given, would be paid for. The President likened it to a man lending lend-ing a hose to a neighbor whose house was on fire. Important development in plans to help Britain would be what course Nazi reaction would take. First hint of the German attitude toward the rumored Roosevelt plans came in the form of unofficial press comment from Berlin. These reports tended to give the impression that further moves. to aid Britain would be regarded re-garded as being "no longer neutral." neu-tral." SHIFT: By the French In continental politics, French Statesman Pierre Laval was never considered a bargain by the British. He was pro-German and pro-Italian. French Statesman Pierre-Eti- enne Flandin also was pro-German. But he was more pro-British and less pro-Italian. When capitulation came to the French, Pierre Laval emerged as vice premier and "heir" to Chief of M''yc3MK. J PIERRE LAVAL Dropped jo hard he bounced. State Philippe Petaln. He knew the Germans and Italians and had friends in both places. Then came disaster to the Italians in Albania and Egypt and no matter what might happen later, it was evident Mussolini's role in the Axis definitely definite-ly had faded. There even was a chance that Britain might have to be appeased. It might be coincidence but almost al-most at the same time Laval was dropped from the cabinet He was dropped so hard that he bounced into prison, along with a great many other pre-war French statesmen states-men who are accused of "war guilt." Afterward there were many explanations. ex-planations. It was revealed the Germans Ger-mans had asked permission to move an army through occupied France to a Mediterranean port in order to send troops to Italy's help. Laval was said to have agreed but Marshal Mar-shal Petain was furious, refused the Germans and fired Laval. Emerging as the successor to La val: Pierre-Etienne Flandin. Did the Germans like it? Not at all. Otto Abetz, Hitler's ambassador ambassa-dor to France, left Paris for Vichy. He took with him a squad of German Ger-man soldiers armed with sub-ma chine guns. He called on Petain. Petain had Laval brought from his prison and Join the conference. When Abetz left on his return to Paris, Laval went with him. DEFENSE DELAY: Plain Words Twenty-four hours after War Sec retary Stimson announced that the schedule for calling Nationl Guard troops into service had been revised due to inability to contractors to complete camps, Defense Commissioner Commis-sioner William Knudsen went before the National Association of Manufacturers Manufac-turers with plain words. He asserted the entire production schedule was lagging. The airplane output he said, was 30 per cent behind. be-hind. Knudsen warned his audience that both capita and labor must show more co-operation or expect grave consequences. Later the association announced that a "national inventory" would be taken of factories and manpower to locate production bottlenecks. The association pledged itself "to exert its utmost effort in co-operation with the government to carry out the program of defense with all possi ble speed and efficiency." Also on the defense front: C Mrs. Frank Knox, wife of the navy secretary, was sponsor at launching of the aircraft carrier Hornet at Newport News, Va. The craft is designed to handle 83 planes. It cost $31,000,000, exclusive of armament. ar-mament. C. A movement was afoot to have the U. S. buy or seize 80-odd refugee ships now rotting in harbors and give or sell them to England, which has admitted sea losses are so alarming the food situation as well as munition supplies are threatened. 1 . .. S sU- : r t j 8 , A ' BLAST ENGINE . waiiaina '""J to Revolutionary changes in engine design are made by E. B. Myers of New York in this "blast engine." The engine is of a Jet-propulsion type and derives its power from the controlled detonation of an explosive ex-plosive fuel mixture composed of two liquids. Although it weighs only 125 pounds, it develops 4,000 horsepower. horse-power. BEHIND THE LINES: Discontent Rumors of discontent in Germany, Italy and conquered lands flooded the news, but there was little disposition dispo-sition in official circles to take them optimistically. The grapevine in Italy made known the full extent of the reverses in Albania and Egypt Italians got pleasure out of tipping their hats. Word had gone around that tipping of the hat was a way of expressing a desire for peace. In Antwerp, Jews were ordered to wear white armbands. The following follow-ing day masses of Gentiles appeared with white bands on their arms. The Dutch also got sly satisfaction in changing signposts along roads. , In Denmark, there was open display dis-play of displeasure. Danish Nazis attempted to parade in uniforms. They were arrested by the police and thrown into prison. Outside the prison, thousands stood and Jeered at them. In Norway, there was more trouble. trou-ble. Whistling was forbidden, be cause the natives adopted the custom cus-tom of whistling whenever a Ger man soldier passed. Many Germans have been shot by snipers. Labor practiced sabotage and bankers refused re-fused to bid on Oslo bonds. In Bohemia, a cinema advertised the title of its next show, "The 1,000-Year 1,000-Year Reich." The next caption said, "Here for one week, ending Thursday." Audiences flocked to the show to cheer the title. RADIO: Program Trouble Theme songs will change and much of the music now heard on the radio will be banned after January Janu-ary 1, unless broadcasting companies com-panies and the American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers can get together before that. They are in disagreement over fees to be paid for copyrighted music. The broadcasters have set up a rival organization of copyright owners. own-ers. Broadcast Music, Inc. But whereas the ASCAP has rights to more than 2,000,000 selections of the leading writers, BMI has only about 200,000 tunes, many of them South American dances, hill billy songs and children's music. Many radio stations already have stopped playing tunes owned by ASCAP. The vast majority have been using ASCAP tunes only in commercial programs. Union Trouble When one chain announced it would sponsor programs from army camps, with regimental bands playing play-ing music, it ran into another snag. James C. Petrillo, president of the American Federation of Musicians (A. F. of L.), protested and the broadcast was suspended. Petrillo said the union's musicians suffer from that sort of competition. He went to Washington for a conference with War Secretary Henry Stimson, saying, "If the radio companies want to sponsor such a broadcast every Sunday, we won't object If they intend to send out programs like that several times a week, that's a di' ferent story." MISCELLANY: C In Mexico, the Day of the Virgin of Guadalupe is the most famous of all fiestas. The church, a sacred place for the faithful, is partly surrounded sur-rounded by peddler's stalls. From one of them a customer bought torpedoes tor-pedoes to celebrate the holiday. When the first torpedoes proved duds, the customer threw the balance bal-ance into the peddler's basket They exploded. So did all the peddler's fireworks. Nine were seriously burned. C In the East Room of the White House, Mrs. Roosevelt gave the first of the season's afternoon musicals. The program was by Mieczyslaw Munz, refugee Polish pianist and Virginia Lewis, a Negro soprano. A year ago Miss Lewis was a domestic domes-tic in a Philadelphia home. C. Edward L. Reed, counsellor of the American embassy in Rome, was ordered home. To speed the trip he asked permission to enter Germany and sail from an Atlantic port The German government replied re-plied it "preferred that he not go through Germany. . 4 . , fit : m m I ry '"-' " " "it , TIU3 LEW SUN. LEIH. UTAH I I I Wsrthlnofnn Dieest "! Where Uncle Better Fighting Airplanes Z Jhnical experts at Dayton, Ohio, are working at top 'Pd S Tet ptnes and develop speedier and F aircraft Nowadays only persons with ironclad identifications are pniL l t TentJr Wright Field, but these pictures take you in. "I, 1 i X 4 ' V jr- f ;t K 5K If F! i K fV I mm -. y. ttsw . ',i Fin structure to be installed in the new wind tunnel to direct flow of air where the tube makes a turn. Maximum diameter of the tube will be 40 feet, permitting tests of airplane models with wing cpreads up to 15 feet at wind speeds up to 400 miles an hour. ill 'PSXl, Above: Master Sgt. D. Sama-rin Sama-rin at the fuel segregator which he developed, which insures removal re-moval of water from gasoline. Above: Wright Field officers salute a leading military dignitary who is on a tour of inspection. Below: Huge gasoline gaso-line refueling units have been developed for supplying fuel to long range bombers. bomb-ers. Here is one in operation. f . A test pilot putting a new plane tnrougn us paces in a Sam Develops California are S fvtv ""IS. . Below: Largest propeller test rig in the world. It whirls propellers pro-pellers up to 45 ft. in diameter at speeds up to 4300 RPM. Curtiss P-40 single-place pursuit series oj test jugnts. 1 1 sssjwg-y i i itftniYiiin iiW t .nrain-n.Jhiini . .1 m. i : z nvkstrn Plnns Aul tn P.. . j nscnm Released After Year of Traij Draft Head Strives to Provide for TV:. t mem: ruiure vi luunarv ra;:.. , n k r vVt u A, irgl By BAUKIIAGE (National Farm and Home Hour Commentator) (Released by Western Newspaper Union.) The time will soon be over when the boys who wanted to get into the army will be the only ones called the volunteers for the draft are rap-Idly rap-Idly being used up. Then it will be the turn of those who have to go whether they want to or not, But Washington Isn't worrying about how this last contingent is feeling. What it is worrying about or at least thinking about is how , the whole "new army" all the boys who do their one year's hitch are going to feel when they get out That is one of the most important things that Uncle Sam has to con sider in connection with the entire selective service system and that is why C. A. Dykstra was called to be selective service administra tor. When I sat down in his new office in Washington which a month ago was the dining room of a flat in an apartment house the war depart ment has hastily made over Mr. (U JWit 9 M CLARENCE A. DYKSTRA Dykstra didn't look any different from the way he did when we sat down for a bull session in the fraternity fra-ternity house back in 1908. He has the same warm, overflowing nature and his face is still its window. After we'd exchanged a few rem iniscences, I said that I supposed he had been chosen to head up the draft chiefly because, as president of a great university, he stood for youth. He said he supposed so. Then I asked: "But what are you really here for? This selective service sys tem runs itself, what are you sup posed to worry about?" Then, we got to the real meat of the nut "The thing we are concerned with," he answered with that dash of ginger that spices his scholarly thoughtfulness and makes everything every-thing Dykstra does, live, "the thing that we are concerned with is what is going to happen next year." I realized he was way ahead of me. "We have the continuing responsi bility of training a citizen army" and he emphasized the word "continuing." "We have to ask ourselves how the boys who have finished a year's training are going to report "back home. Will their report be such that their parents and their friends will say 'it was a good year'? Training Should Improve Conscripts "We want the boy to report that he is physically better off; that bis morale is strengthened; that he has seen and learned a lot about the country and is convinced that we have something to defend. "We want him to be advanced in his education, the kind of education you get living with others; we want him to get a'feeling for the whole population; to find out how the Texan looks at things and the boy from the great Northwest; the fellows from across the tracks and on the hilL the country boy and the one from the crowded city. "We want the boys to learn from talking to each other about all kinds of things; have them learn the defense de-fense point of view; to understand and feel their whole country. "We have to be interested in what happens this year if we are going to look ahead. "Upon the boy's report will depend de-pend what happens on the floor of congress later. Maybe congress will decide that perhaps the boys should J Spanish Popular Washington is going "the South American Way" rapidly, according accord-ing to Baukhage. A great craze to study Spanish has broken out and its "Como esta Usted all up and down the street And It's not only in Washington. The Office Of-fice of Education reports that figures fig-ures from seven North and South Carolina colleges show an Increase In-crease of 77.1 per cent in the number of students studying Spaaish. 'ii in i TlnAMfla TTnnn Tta T.ttert V: . IT be allowed to m u. . urae younger. P-rN wider period " M want to?.! on as they are PoneitanTthe,mStt( "iooi. som It 0fc "And thpn h, . Congress na, Tfeel li .u ' V. Ieel t Bert... flpW, o ... extended! view, to0;bj . oruiefo;;;0T.r To End of Service As we talked it waj eas, j " im man the r ground and , i. Ule E uute, j,,-, of history but he switched cal science, partly because influence of that a., . Charles Merriam, under u. iruuucai science, the i muigs uia; make the A government go rounii m.j him away fxom the campus ai uuiary Bna into an active '""uouauun. newas cauea oacK into the coUeg, again. Alter seven yean ts manager of Cincinnati, ttf made a splendid renin! ... that busy city through the ten xne flood of three years jg was maae president of the sity of Wisconsin. Before that, he was heai wafer and power department city of Los Angeles througl riod of the building of the dam when the frightened fa: fought with guns and dynami: new project which they t would rob them of their water And another thing which : thinking about when he says 1 year" is the job situation d part the government must p!a fitting the trainee back into c life. A part of the function of t( lective service system is to see the boy has a Job when he end! year of service. If the job U is still there when he gets back! selective service system nffi that he gets it But some 1 may go out of business-ta United States employment st: will play its part The admit! tor explained it this way: "The employer will want to who has had a year in the ana cause he'll be healthier, better ciplined and he'll have leans live with his fellows. Butiffc isn't there, we'll have to m other one. "Then there are the boys didn't have a Job when they ' into the army. We will have to local organizations working business to take care of bin" Students Change Attitude on Draft I wanted to know how the themselves felt about servEi knew he knew the content i Gene tazit h o pals i seap Kco: sands of letters which have P line ietax into selective service new But he went back further letters for the beginning of t Nil i the "Of "Last summer," he sai4j university campus 1 wf i th attitude ' kthf fand dents. The questions they f lost their cynical flavor, u mistic approach any military service fWI An Keta: loor nharartristic of recent yw- a long time they had bea"; influence oi r.-t j nthPT similar on Bey ssout tions. which advanced iWj; t-.. Vi-tf till? "i ( UcNu bse front tover, lo'Jier cussion, they had some crete to talk about .reversal tude or appe- . pgi i sha-sjch sha-sjch alfectea inei. - . ; a thors was Be irance; 'ht.n,a: tion of what had cwj,fe to the occupied country MI wondered if tional sweep thattffegr: try. a patriotic war-sp didn't think so. . 6 .-The questions Je JJ showed that tbey haaM facts. A"VdST iw The oaiij expb( ere scarei ho i meM gay charr pf th. I Th, nlvTmade the peoPj-defense peoPj-defense is necessaj. to be part of that tpers daily he ke have begun happen here. . c ' a nes and 1 . .... Hefens 1 Biulding " di3r. the end " j Do 1 rui tween the Gtl.t V ore says Chester - - k1 able NaUonalHiga "' federal P".. nd : er r me le i v y t -it 0. d 1 not permit the vtf terials at BUU nt 12' 1 . Jl mo' that: equally Ze highway users .4 " . if the Stat" , eliminate highly " eminent federal gov reciF" and insist th sUtes.' on |