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Show Diary of 46 Years Ago Points Way for Present By BAUKHAGE Newt Analyit and Commentator. WNTJ Service. 1616 Eye Street, N.W., Washington, D. C. , WASHINGTON. - Mary Condlt-; Condlt-; Smith, a young Washington society 'girl, visiting dip- lMnU tratiAm in , JUIlJflUV V1'V mm v. : China, and 'lev- j , en-year-old boy in a little town on ;the Erie Canal both were keeping keep-ing diaries at the turn ol the century. cen-tury. Mary, aione In her room in the American legation lega-tion in Peking on June 11, 1900, lipped on her pink silk dressing gown, sat down and wrote: Baukhage "The telegraph was broken last night. We have no more communication communi-cation with the outside world; our world Is this dangerous Peking." That same day, though it was really tht day before, according to the strange tricks Old Sol plays at ha pushes the clock around while ha marches westward and paradoxically paradox-ically reaches the Far East that tame day, Monday, June 11, a boy In the fifth grade of the High street achool painfully Inscribed this entry In hit book: "It rained this A. M. Two mora week and we'll be free from this School of Misery." (The next day It la of record that he broke the crank of his "wheel" bicycle to you.) The boy's name appears at the bead of this column and what ha wrote Isn't important, but just 46 year later be was to read Mary's diary. She had gone to her reward long since but not until her diary became a book and she had becomi Mrs. Hooker, a colonel's lady. Whit Man's Prestige Slipped to Low As I read this fascinating story, told in simple, boarding-school Eng. lish, those awful days when the foreign for-eign colony in Peking lived In the dally horror of massacre during the Boxer rebellion, became very real. : - Today the fires of civil war are preading in China. Voices ar being be-ing raised, demanding that our marines ma-rines be withdrawn. American prestige pres-tige has fallen almost ai low as it waa when Mary Hooker in her diary told the dramatic story of the Boxer Rebellion that moment In China's history when Americans, along with all foreigners reached their nadir. History repeats. ' i The Empress Tsuhst, a reactionary, reaction-ary, encouraged the activities of the Boxers and other groups whose chief purpose was to cleanse China of the "foreign devils." It is only fair to say that China had passed through a period during which the occidental powers had exploited her to the hilUv Attacks on foreigners, especially missionaries, began in 1899, but as Mary Hooker records, "the diplomats diplo-mats and people in general put these things down to the usual spring riots which yearly seized Peking." . By June and July of 1900, however, the foreigners found themselves be sieged In Peking. As .late as June T Mary s diary reports: "Mr. Pethlck , . forty year a resident at China and aa Intimate In-timate friend of half the political polit-ical leaders, knowing their weaknesses by heart, arret the minister to state to Washington the situation as it la, bat all to no avail." .-r'-.-. Three days later, aa I mentioned, .the foreign colony "had do commu nication with the outside world." The next day's entry states: "Such Intense excitement! Thla afternoon the Japanese Chancellor of the Legation went down the railway station la the official It-gallon car to see if there waa any alga of troops. Returning by the principal gate, he waa seised by the Imperial (Chinese) troop, disemboweled and cat to piece. Eagerly Awaited Arrival of Troops From then on the entries become even more exciting ". . . twenty of our marines have been sent by an officer to guard the big Methodist Mission ... the Russian secretary ... ha figures at the ends of his finger about the number of troops Russia can land in Tien-Tsin BARBS "Joy-buzzers" which give you a shock handshake, the American Machinist Ma-chinist says, produced a profit of $140,000 in on year. Better than a clammy paw. A new non-fogging glass for auto windshields has been invented, according ac-cording to Business Week. Now if wo can assure a non-fogging brain tor the driver we'll be okay. if u are they trying to prepare us for s Russian coup d'etat? . . , Each day the arrival of foreign troops was awaited. On June 17 thi entry reads: "Just one week ago today we got the telegram that the combined com-bined force of England, the United State, France, Japan, etc. ... had left to go to the relief of the legations In Peking ... when the time come thai the American and Russian legation lega-tion can no longer bold ont, the British legation will be the ttage for the terrible last act." The Roman Catholic church wai only one of many burned, and thi converts and their families la th vicinity slaughtered. "In some case," ay the diary, di-ary, "the Christian thought it better to be roasted in their houses than try to escape," (She herself bad decided that she might a well be massacred in her pink silk dressing gown with a pink bow at her neck a In her golf clothe.) On the 19th of June, the Chines government offered to give legatior. members their passports and escort them and their families to the port There was a division of opinion ai to whether to trust the Chinese. U the evening the German mlnlstei started to confer a second time oe ths question when he was murdered in the streets. The situation grows worse. Dead Piled Around Rampart $ A bullet knocks off the headpiece of a baby's crib. All the women are sewing sandbags. sand-bags. The Dutch and Austrian legation! burn. On July 1: "There are ao many dead dogs, hone and Chinese lying In heaps all around the defended lines, but too far for as to bury or burn them.' They used the dead horses closet by, however: "The . . . mess has as Invariable menu. At breakfast, rice, tea and Jam; at tiffin, rice and horse; at dinner, rice, horse and Jam." With the privations and fear ol the Boxers grew the suspicion and distrust of the member of the for- elgn missions of each other. Russians Rus-sians and English hated each other; Americans were the buffers. Racial ructions have no data lines. Mary Hooker notes: "The dislike of the Russian for the British I o cordial that It la only equaled by the feeling tha British entertain toward them. Our compound Joins the Russians, and they love and we love them In as strong a fashion a they hate their English Eng-lish neighbors on their other aide." And so pretty Mary Hooker wrots history. . . . But it was more than history. 11 wa drama. It waa tragedy. Jusi look over her shoulder once again: "July ... day before yesterday, yes-terday, the Austrian Charge ' d' Affaires waa ahot at the French legation. ... At first wo kept a record of the dead or badly wounded ... but now they come in ao often we cease to note the exact number. , , . "July II ... I waa en route to the hospital carrying a pot of coffee to the doctors and nurses when soma soldiers pasaed me, carrying a rough Utter, Ut-ter, bearing Captain Strouta (the British commanding officer) offi-cer) mortally wounded." Then July 16: "It la discussed quietly by men that they will certainly kill their wives when that time cornea (to make a final stand). God grant it never may! Apropos Apro-pos of this, I have in my pocket pock-et a email pistol loaded with several cartridges, to use If the worst happen. A Belgian secretary sec-retary stole It from the armoury for me 'In case yon need It, mademoiselle.' Then finally this note on August 15, when the Chinese were closing in on we improvised fortiflca tiona manned by lord and flunky, soldier and civilian making theli last stand ... "a veritable ring ol flame on an sides of the defenses." And then! "Through that racket that waa around as all night, we could faintly hear the unmistakable sound of the for eign gun of oar troop. That page of history, let us hope, will not bo repeated. by Baukhage There will be more cranberries fot your Thanksgiving turkey this year, department of agriculture says. Now all we need is the turkey. The army and the navy at last have gotten together on the question of how long is a mile. The nautical nauti-cal mile was 800 feet longer than tht infantry mile. But the sailors didn't car. They didn't hav to walk it Romantic Lure to Many Ex-Servicemen NAMES REMEMBERED Jungle Is Creeping Back On Historic War Sites Guadalcanal, Hollandia Manus, Tarawa, Kwajalein, Iwo Jima, Okinawa all were but spots on a map of the Pacific Pa-cific (a large-scale chart at that) until American soldiers, sailors and marines battled and bled there on their long march to victory in World War II. By dint of sheer manpower, many of them became bases backed out of the wilderness of the Jungle. Now, only a year after the war clouds have cleared, many of them are creeping back to their Jungle vastness. Guadalcanal, site of America's first major land stand against the Jap invaders, ha slipped back into obscurity. British civil officials once more rule the Solomon Island bastion bas-tion and far-famed Henderson Field is quiet except for an occasional plane. Airfield Disappears. The remorseless Jungle is reconquering recon-quering the big airfield hacked out by the Americans at Buna, New Guinea. Few signs of conflict remain on battle - scarred Kwajalein. Developed aa a major base in closing days of the war, It also served as an advance base for the atomlo-bomb tests. At Tarawa, one of the costliest battlefields of the Pacific, a small navy garrison maintains the air base, but it may be decommissioned soon. The name, Leyte, where Gen. Douglas MacArthur kept his pledge to return to the Philippines, is kept alive by the navy, which maintains a major base there. The bay teems with activity, an airfield, air depot, hospital, radio station and naval re pair yards being located there. Manila Is Shambles. Manila, most dramatic battle ground of the war, still is in shabby ruins. Army trucks and Jeeps wind through the streets, past heaps of rubble cleared from the thoroughfares thorough-fares and gaunt frames of once- beautiful buildings. Tourists gaze in awe at the maze of rubble in the Walled City, historic batUeslte. Waves lap the wrecked and rusting landing craft which Utter Ut-ter the shoreline at Iwo Jlma, a volcanlo stepping atone in the march to Tokyo. The American flag still flutter from Mount Surabaohi, for a small garrison garri-son maintains a relatively unimportant un-important air base on Iwo. In less than two years, Guam has become the most powerful navy base In the distant Pacific. Of all the Mid-Pacific bases it alone MS FOND MEMORIES . . . The romantic aUure of Pacific isles Is drawing many ex-servicemen back to the land of palm trees, coral beachea and hula girls. The navy Itself has discharged nearly 10,000 saUors at Pacific base because the men decided not to go home after war' end. ONE OUT OF FOUR High School NEW YORK. One of every tour boy graduated from high school this year either has Joined the army or has indicated his Intention of doing so, it is disclosed in an army enlistment survey. The survey was taken in connection with the campaign cam-paign to secure a million enlistments. enlist-ments. Army life still holds an element of adventure for youth, the survey indicates, as about 23 per cent of the approximate 900,000 volunteers o far were ,'n the V7 to 18-year-old ago bracket Former army men constituted 13 per cent of the total, although that category is diminishing. 6-Year-Old Boy Carries Pal To Save Foot KANSAS CITY, MO. Six-year-old Randy Tays, who acted like a man in an emergency. Is happy to learn that doctors have saved the left foot of a five-year-old playmate after Randy carried him in his arm for a quarter of a mile when a freight train crushed the lad's toot Hunting pigeons with 'slingshots did not prove adventuresome enough for Randy's playmate, John Joseph FUsinger Jr., so bo decided to ride Pacific Isles Prove POPULAR PASTIME . . . Most popular diversion for sailors In the Pacific waa the hula show. has taken on an air of permanency. Okinawa, at Japan's southern threshold, still lives in much of the misery that war left Army air forces and navy bases are maintained main-tained on the island. Nana, capital city, is a wilderness of destruction, and sunken ships stud Buckner bay. Kahoolawe Ranks Most Bombarded Island In 'Pacific Ask any veteran of the Pacific warfare which bastion was the "most shot at island" during World War II and he'll probably answer Salpan, Iwo Jima, Okinawa, Tara- wa or one of the other Japanese strongholds. But that dubious distinction be longs to the small, desolate. Insig nificant, waterless, uninhabited island is-land of Kahoolawe in the Hawaiian chain. Former smugglers' haven, the island, only eight miles by five and of rugged terrain, has been reduced re-duced to a mass of rubble by countless shells and bombs. The explanation is that naval and marine forces used Kahoolawe, un inhabited and commercially worthless, worth-less, as a testing ground for theories of naval gunfire support of landing forces. More than 800 ships, ranging from small amphibious craft to battle-wagons, battle-wagons, poured thousands upon thousands of rounds into Kahoo- lawe's barren sides. The tiny island took a greater shelling than either Iwo Jima or Okinawa, where naval gunfire reached its peak in the Pacific. Pa-cific. , NX, Graduates Flock to Army Largest single group, about 65 per cent, represent men already in the army who signed up for extended service. Many responding to the sur-s vey reported that they considered consid-ered the army" a "better deal" than a civilian's Jab, especially ' since the pay has been increased in-creased materially. Others expressed a desire to Join the army because it provides a "chance to learn." In addition to army training, soldiers Joining the regular army at this time are eligible eligi-ble to secure a college education a few blocks on a slow-moving train. Missing his Jump for a freight car ladder, ho tell under the wheels, and his foot was crushed. A white-faced Randy struggled home, carrying his injured playmate. play-mate. Physicians, who saved all except a tew of the boy's toes, credited cred-ited Randy's prompt action with preventing mora severe shock and loss of blood. 10,000 Navy Men Take Discharges At Island Bases Long heralded in song and film as the land of beauty and romance, glamour and adven ture, the myriad islands ol uie Pacific left a lasting imprint on thousands oi American servicemen whose war duties gave them their first glimpse of the palm-fringed and coral-studded coral-studded atolls. The romantic lure of these Pacific isles already has drawn nearly 10,- 000 discharged American navy men, who have decided not to go home after the war's end. The navy department reports that 9,372 navy men who were stationed sta-tioned on Pacific islands during the war hav received special authority to be demobilized at their stations instead of returning to the United States for discharge. All were required to have Jobs or some other source of Income before this permission was granted.' Most of the voluntary ex-patriates have obtained civil service employment in the military government, the navy announces. Others have jobs in private enterprises, mainly in Hawaii Ha-waii and the Philippines. Some sailors have "gone native" na-tive" marrying native girls and deciding to make their permanent per-manent home on one of the islands. is-lands. A few were reported interested in starting commercial enterprises which import consumer durable goods from the United States. Private Pri-vate business has been impeded, however, because of the relative scarcity of radios, automobiles, refrigerators re-frigerators and other durable goods. Look for Retreat. Occasionally the navy department receives a wistful letter from a former for-mer sailor or marine, discouraged by peacetime conditions at home, asking if there i a Uttle island in the Pacific he can buy inexpensively inexpensive-ly for a retreat "to get away from it all" s during the war, Americans find a warm reception on most of the islands of the Pacific. Almost without with-out exception the natives regarded the United States as their defender and liberator, and now they wait hopefully for the return of the men they saw during the war. The Americans brought a taste of modernity and of big enterprise to the peoples of the island groups. The natives saw a picture of the United States as a place of vast wealth and immense physical resources. re-sources. The huge quantities ol materials which moved through these places made an indelible impression im-pression on the people. Revelation of United States standards stand-ards of comfort, of transportation, oi eating and of public health has given giv-en the naUves an incentive to move forward. Americans were friendly, and generally there was immediate response to this offer of friendship. under the extended G.L Bill of Rights. With the goal of a million enlistments enlist-ments in sight, tha army now is planning a new approach a search for quality. Maj. Gen. Harold N. Gilbert, assistant to the adjutant general for military personnel pro curement, said the army soon would be putting quality above all; that the service wanted men who could ab sorb the technical training neces sary for soldiers who must deal with electronics, chemistry, communica tions, intelligence, languages, civil administration, high speed aviation and the other factors of a scientific army in the atomic age. Cigaret Smokers Puffing to Record WASHINGTON. Americans are smoking themselves right into a new record. Cigarette production during the first six months of the year totaled 172 billion, the agriculture department depart-ment reports. "If this rate continues contin-ues tor the rest of the year." it said, "the annual total will exceed any on record." Previous record was set In 1945. JltJfo4fte in WASHINGTON By Waller Shead WNU Cefrwpourf"1 WNV WtMhtnttoa Bureau. lfllKytSt.. N. W. Federal Funds Will Aid Building of Hospitals IF YOU live in one of the more than 1,000 counties in the nation in which there is no hospital, or where there, is no adequate hospital, there is a chance, if you and your fellow citizens get together on the proposition, to get a new hospital at reduced rates with the federal government gov-ernment paying a third of the cost Fnr President Truman has signed the Hill-Burton bill, the national hospital construction act-whieh sets up a potential total of $1,125,000,000 for a five-year hospital construction program. But do not get excited and rush down here to Washington in the belief that one of these hospitals hos-pitals can be picked out of a hat No Funds Available Now Only 3 million dollars of this fund, of which the government's share is 375 million dollars at the rate of 75 million dollars a year for five years, has been made avail able by the 79th congress. -This congress con-gress was a cautious congress. It considered, and probably rightly, that before any of this money should be made available, surveys should be made to determine how many governmental units could or would put up the necessary two-thirds two-thirds cash to build a hospital. This survey, they opined, would take no more than 3 million dollars. So that much money is available for use of the local units of government. It will be up to the 80th congress, which convenes January 3 of next year, to put up the money called for in the new law.. So it will be some time next year before the money is made available. Probably Prob-ably building construction costs are too high now, anyway. Sponsors for local hospitals, under, un-der, the bill, may be states, cities, counties,towns or other public gov ernmental agencies, or private nonprofit non-profit hospitals. States will share in the federal grants in aid on the basis of their needs, which will be ascertained through the ratio their per capita income bears to the national na-tional average. Other factors determining deter-mining the amount apportioned to each state will be population and value of products. May Not Benefit Country So whether this will favor those rural counties where hospitals are so badly needed, or whether it will work to the advantage of the more populous urban communities will depend largely upon responsibility placed in the hands of a non-eov- ernmental advisory council. This council is different however. Most public health services such as nursing, nurs-ing, cancer, tuberculosis and other activities are presided over by an advisory council, but they are advisory ad-visory only. The council in the hospital hos-pital act has the veto power, not only over some actions of the surgeon-general, who will administer the law, but likely over some state action. President Truman doesn't like this feature of the act and said so when he signed it At any rate, in counties where there is need and desire for a hos pital, the first action is to determine how much money the local commu nity can raise. A showing that the hospital can be maintained after construction is also necessary. When this information is forthcoming, the next stop is to go to vour state health office and ask for inclusion in the state program and the state. if it approves, then makes the application ap-plication and showing to the sur geon-general of the Public Health service. Dr. Hoge Will Rule Actual administration in the sur geon-general's office will be in the hands of Dr. Vane Hoge, who has been with the Public Health service for 18 years. Dr. Hoee is a nativ. of Waynesburg, Pa., and a graduate oi Jetierson Medical school in Phila delphia. Dr. Hoge has had several years experience in clinical work and in research, and for 10 years has specialized spe-cialized in hospital administration and so has an excellent background as administrator of the new pt While his office expects much in-creased in-creased activity in hospital construction construc-tion as a result of the federal grant of $1 for S2 of local monev. he clared that there was no basis fnr estimate on the number of new hos pitals or additions which may be constructed as a result He advised local communities not to wait for the atate health agency to come around to visit govern mental units wanting a new hospital out urged inem to eet husv th.m selves, determine their needs, their poienuai power to raise the necessary neces-sary amount for construction maintenance, and then to go to the state agency themselves. While President Truman declare that the construction of hospitals and related facilities, such as health centers, waa excellent, he said it was only the first step in the five-point five-point national health program. 1 v."" I JjLllllN Lfefffij msumt By PaulMalionJ8 Released b Western Newspaper Union. ANOTHER WAGE BOOST JTJST BEFORE ELECTION PREDICTED WASHINGTON. The middle-road middle-road course of economics to which the Truman administration has veered since congress closed has a sharp left turn ahead. Watch for another wage increase program to be put forth within 60 days before election! This is augured behind the recent price increases directed by the Price Decontrol board. While price controls have been restored on meat subsidies have been abandoned aban-doned on dairy proceeds; cpffee is up 10 to 13 cents a pound; mechanical mechan-ical refrigerators, $10 to $12 for smallest sizes; canned fruit, 1 to 7 cents; lamb, 5 cents; automobiles, margarine, trucks, tires, oil, cottonwhatnot. cot-tonwhatnot. Now the decontrol board went on the air after its first action and pleaded it could not have been done otherwise. This was the intent of congress in the new OPA law, it claimed too glibly. Indeed, Agriculture Secretary Anderson publicly mourned some of the OPA necessities, and OPA Administrator Paul .Porter wept officially about others. oth-ers. The administration's attitude atti-tude on prices has been: "Gosh, bow we hate to increase them, but congress made us." After all official handkerchiefs are filled and hung out for public drying, however, the administration seems far from delected at the hope that the price increases' will eet oroduction necessary to sustain life which was the real intent of congress. WAIT AND SEE' TACTICS Crowding the mourners' bench, the CIO reconnoitered its economics and decided ostensibly to wait to see how these things work out be fore pressing demands for another wage hike. That is, all did excepting except-ing the largest CIO union, the auto workers, who announced they wanted want-ed more money, the amount "depending "de-pending on the success the Truman Tru-man administration meets in its attempt at-tempt to roll back the cost of liv ing." These developments are political, but not in any way economic. The theory of the price increases is that these will draw goods from hiding and black markets and thus cause prices to drop in the end the end being forecast as coming when the goods come out to the public. This is sound, because as soon as competition com-petition is restored in goods, they are bound to be cheaper. The auto workers therefore are trying to crowd the game again by putting in for another raise before the price increases have accomplished price decreases, an economic stratagem which would leave their wages up as prices fell later (as they already had a 20 per cent wage increase this spring and auto production still lags). Furthermore, there is no shortage short-age of money among consumers today. We have many troubles, but purchasing power Is not one of them. To increase wages again this year (as the leftists of the administration want) might or might not help to cause an administration victory at the polls in November, bnt there is certainly no other economic eco-nomic Justification for it Our trouble has been a lack of production, a shortage of goods amidst plentiful purchasing power. If we got production, the very accomplishing ac-complishing of the fact would do more to hold prices down than the administration can do with OPA, decontrols or possibly a shotgun. When you can buy cheaper across the street you will not pay demanded demand-ed prices. INFLATION A3X STEP But to increase wages generally again would only let us leap further along the inflationary road we have been perilously traveling. It would re-duplicate the experience earlier this year, when the auto workers first got a wage increase which forced a price increase, resulting re-sulting now in their effort to seek another wage increase which will cause another price increase, and so on a process in which labor never catches up but destroys the value of its own wage. In that process the unions can destroy themselves, making their own dollars which they have stored up in large reserves re-serves of government bonds or cash or the savings of the individual worker worth less and less in purchasing pur-chasing power, and finally worth nothing. Far wiser would It be for labor la-bor to attack the price problem ny going to work and producing. Thus it could make its existing wage worth more and more by restoring the competitive markets, mar-kets, without which a free capitalist cap-italist Thi was the intent of congress! To strike or slowdown, or wander wan-der off work is to increase its own harden by adding to the shortage of goods and service. To demand more money la U force price ever higher and higher to the breaking point CLASSIFIED s.HrJk.Zl4?.?!h',,,, - nil BOMB AND ATITn i,r-- uuauic now lor ... "rniaa. Stores. Investigate bei,5v . "ie or wire. .MISCELLANEOUS I Ins Machines 53D. .'.ntei, u. n. SALT LAKE DESK ixrJ!y B wen BiHiwii, gai, -gl -V. MH, el at Invest in Your Country n..- ii c c. UJr v. u. oaving$ Bond,! 4 ciiiaiMti laxtit 1 n Many docton reeomnnj hi cause it'i rich la Mtanl Aul Vitamins and MrR-tajuS; oil children need for Snl Towth, tron bon-, teeth, .tardy bodies Bd Q jr - womwnvv w vmas qs) if rHa i 'Get O'Sullivan SOUS as well a Heels next time you hm you shoes repaired. MORE MILEAGE WITH GREATER comfort: f rt ratPt hftwed Htnirfll imnrove- nanr sifrcr nnlf 10 with uaj . ..-."-.- SORETONB in impartial, saentinc test. SORETONE Made lryH(MM "obi" Soli arltk atonj-toek twain 50 and H.00 Here's One Of The Greatest GlQiilBGJ TOPICS Y If you lack BLOOD-IRON! weak, "dragged rT I.yd ; oi oiouu-""" - tha vm And Your Strength Energy Is Bcww B4 faction that traT-" Mttin op nigbta, l Pw atiat-Fom.tJmea atiat-Fom.tJmea frequent J, with amarting ana V treatment is wr tna rT "V treatment i to roj - medicin. that h i hrW nro-ral than os etJ"i,trl aad"? knows. Doan t ,U drat M many 7"r Gat Ioo' today- to lacs horns ways to build up ' .'"JTpu get more atrength-ln web W. Tab.eu are on. Diooa-iroD tjouiw WNU-W II |