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Show Scientists for Unhampered Freedom in Research Work By BAUKIIAGE JVeua Analyst and Commentator. Returned Veterans Aid Outlook For Elderly U.S. Farm Couples WSV Service, 1816 Eye StreeiN.W., Washington, D. C. The bomb which leveled Hiroshima Hiroshi-ma and hat since been echoing In the Pacific did something to congress con-gress that could not have been done before the explo- sion. It induced the senate to loosen the public purse strings to the extent of voting vot-ing to subsidize a national scientific research foundation. founda-tion. Scientists don't have many votes, so the persuasion couldn't have 'A 5i Si 3v 5 'K j come oy way 01 m lobby. The public Alabama Brothers Show Success in Postwar Venture Return of veterans from the armed forces is aiding the financial outlook for many an were attacked ana suiiea. u tT e , -n1 started from a false rumor, a plant- elderly U. S. farm COUple. ed rumor. The very same thing. TaKe me cowaens in wuuec the engineer pointed out, touched off county, Ala., for example, the riots three years ago In Detroit, j Mr. and Mrs. J. W. Bowden are 69 Those are known facts but there is j Bna 63 years old. respectively, and. very little public knowledge ox wnat , because of their age, were not aoie Kielce, Poland, where the Jews were attacked and killed. It all imagination had been stirred. Sud daily the layman realized that science sci-ence waa a powerful factor in war. Ha realized too that perhaps men who could smash the atom and make It smash the enemy, might learn how to us the powers of the sleeping sleep-ing giant atomic energy lor the good as well a the ill of mankind. At this writing congress has not completed action of the bill but probably will have done so by the time these lines are read. The Idea of a national research program eemed very good to me. Therefore, There-fore, I wai somewhat surprised to hear pharmacological authority of my acquaintance aay that passage of this legislation "would be as destructive de-structive la the field of science" as the bomb was In the midst of Hiroshima Hiro-shima and Nagasaki He mad the observation In group, several of whom wore scientists. Hit bearers appeared to echo his sentiments sentiments which I later learned ho had ttt forth la the recent Bulletin of th American Association of Unl terslty Professors. Ho (Dr. Theo dora Koppanyi) said: "In an anal ysis of the bill, a basic wrong lm mediately leaps to tho eye. This is tho assumption that scientific re-starch re-starch can b Initiated or proscribed pro-scribed for.' If this assumption could be grounded, tho natural se quel to S) national research founda tion would bo federal foundations to Initiate' and 'prescribe tor tho composition of music th painting of pictures, th writing of poems, and the establishment of social controls con-trols and education, for science is probably the most personal and individualistic in-dividualistic of all human endeavors. endeav-ors. No agency, however authorized and directed, can develop a national policy for scientific research." Difficult Co Pa$$ On Projecti Th theories and ways of thinking think-ing of scientists, Dr. Koppanyi explained ex-plained (and his colleagues agreed), are as divers as th world itself. "How can w set up a court with the power to pass on what is good and what Is not good for science?" he asked, and then he turned to me with this question: "Would you approve ap-prove of having a member of your profession a commentator or news-writer news-writer appointed by a President of the United States, as head of a sim ilarly selected group of your col leagues who wer mad privy to prlvat government information, which was barred from other speakers speak-ers or writers?" Naturally I said: "No." (That would be th end of the freedom of the press and radio.) Then Dr. Koppanyi concluded: Ton can spend a lot of money and get no return. But if you trust in human ingenuity, motivated by desire de-sire of public service, the love of science, recognition, and maybe selfish alms alike, you will have done more for basic science than you could ever do with billions of dollars dol-lars erf federal money." Social Science Study Lege Spokesmen for the so-called social sciences (th study of people, of individuals and groups) were loud In criticizing th omission from th bill of provisions for research in this field. An engineer spoke for the social scientists In these words: "We've fan miles ahead in our study of insinuate in-sinuate things. In physics, chemistry chem-istry and th other sciences that deal with inorganic matter, compared com-pared to our advancement in the Study of human beings why they act th way they do under given conditions, their relations to other individuals and to groups, and the action of th groups in relation to each other." He spoke of the recent pogrom In causes such action, how it can be prevented. Pottetaion la Law to Rutt Russian expropriation of Austrian property and her delaying tactics in setting of the peace conference date seem to be predicated on the theory: Why start any discussions of who gets what if you can operate on the old theory that possession is nine points of the law? Possession is an important factor. Take the recent experience of a Philadelphia horse. Around mid night one night a horse walked Into a residential district and began devouring de-vouring gardena of dahlias, morning-glories, snapdragons and other flowers. The infuriated householders household-ers tried to shoo the horse away, but he kicked at them and went right on expropriating the bourgeoia blooms. However, in the good old American tradition, a policeman appeared ap-peared with a rope and lassoed the beast. He was removed to the police po-lice stables where he couldn't exercise a veto on this purely procedural pro-cedural process. This subversive tendency In the animal world was revealed In another an-other part of Philadelphia at about the same time. Returning from a week-end, a householder and his family who had started a counter revolutionary campaign against what they thought to bo a harmless mouse, found a large-sized rat in the trap they had set Th rat with th trap ' attached as a minor incumbrance incum-brance went right after the family which climbed tables and chairs. This time when the cop came he felt aggressive warfare Justifiable nd finished the rat with his reactionary reac-tionary night-stick. Congreu Work I Never Done Congressmen invariably come to work January 14 brisk of step, bright of eye, confident they'll have all the bills passed, all the necessary business disposed of by July 1 at the latest, so they can go home to their fences. The old timers, of course, know they are Just kidding themselves. Business is never completed by July 1, though they work from sun to sun for, like woman's, congress' work is never don. Consequently, fishing trips, motor Jaunts, and important im-portant electioneering have to be postponed while house and senate members labor In Washington heat to complete last-minute legislation. This year, it was the OPAgony that fevered congressional brows late Into July. Debate was so furious, furi-ous, night sessions were so frequent that I wasn't surprised when I heard a man In the visitor's gallery of the capitol ask: "Why did they wait ao long to get at the OPA biU? Seema to me they always have a lot of stuff left to do at the end of a session that they could have taken up earlier. Do they always let It go so long that these closing days sound like a rowdy Jam session? I reported this remark to a man who knows Capitol Hill, as you and I know the short-cut home. "There are no Jams in congress." he answered as he inhaled another tablespoonful of the famous senate restaurant bean soup. "Not even on OPA?" I modestly needled. "No." he said, "but I'll admit they came to a near-Jam when they had to work like the dickens to get the bill to the President before the OPA expired. But they did get it to him (he was talking about the first OPA bill) and it was better man a lot of people had expected That was no Jam." "What is a Jam then?" "What we used to have in the days of the lame-duck session," he came back promptly. "Then con gress had to adjourn on March 4. A one-man filibuster could stymie legislation up to midnight of March 4. and It would never be passed Then congress might act hastily and perhaps unwisely, to meet its inexorable deadline." A Jam, then, la when congress is forced to precipitate action, or to no action. That's a congressional opinion. I'd itill like to hear what Harry Truman would define as a congres sional Jam-up. to make the most out of the farm they were operating when their sons were In service. Upon their return from the armed forces, Lynn and Oren Bowden shouldered the job of making a living liv-ing for the family and Increasing dividends from the farm. Their first objective was to buy the farm, thus raising themselves and their "old folks" out of the tenant farmer farm-er class. Since many elderly farmers and their wives also are looking to their sons to take over the home farm. the story of the Bowdens Is related to show what can be accomplished. Actually the story has Its beginning begin-ning in 193S when, as the elder Bow-Jen Bow-Jen frankly admits, "we were down and out and had to struggle to make ends meet" Unable to get credit from regular lenders for purchase of feed. seed, fertilizer. equipment and other farm needs, the Bowdens resorted to a govern ment agency, now the Farm Securi- admlnlstration, to secure the necessary funds. Along wiin me funds came Instruction in sound (arming practices, which en abled the Bowden family to Im prove the efficiency of their operations. A period of progress followed, but the advent of war disrupted all the family's plans. Both Lynn and Oren were called Into service, resulting m an acute lack of help on the farm. Lynn, 44, veteran of both world wars, entered the army In 1940 when the Alabama National Guard was called Into service. Oren, 31, also was a member of the National Guard and entered service early the following year. A temporary re- is v ' " ' ii.,.,-,-'l,minT.iT.fcrtrt- jS8wMfcw-'iftliffl - ., i aw m BARBS ...by Baukhage Buss la apparently wants to win Germaay'a sympathy so that Germany Ger-many win yield more easily to Com-munizatlon Com-munizatlon later. But that's a big Job, and th bear might find It had Something by the tail that would wag ti Bussla has used th veto much as Senator ODanlel and some of his eonesgues us th filibuster. According to th American maga sine. New York and Chicago have yielded (dis)honors to the tar western west-ern states which now top the crime record, westward the course of . . I understand that there ia a new combination gasoline propelled lawn mower and hedge-trimmer. Now If it would only alt up win the baby we a get a little time off. ijjw - --mam 4- ' y4t EN5RADI0 SEEK EXFEBT GUIDANCE The Bowden brothers and their parents par-ents have proved that they are good farmers, bnt they frankly admit they don't know It all. Here James S. Prldgen. Coffee county, Ala., FSA supervisor, shows Lynn and Oren Bowden how to treat seed peanuts to prevent damp rot after they are In the ground. spite was gained when Oren was ment agency and the Bowdens are placed on inactive duty to help run full owners of their land, the farm, but he later was called With 160 acres of the farm back into service. i under cultivation, the Bowdens produce peanuts as the mam casn crop. Carrying out their plan of 11 STAGEvSCRE RaliiMd by Western Newspaper Union. By VIRGINIA VALE ANDRE BARUCH, telephoning tele-phoning to announce his son's arrival, was so exuberant exuber-ant that he could hardly talk. "Of course it's a boy!" said he, as if there couldn't have been any doubt about that. Young Wayne Edward will have to be famous, with two such parents. Andre was tops In radio before he Joined the army and chalked up an outstanding record; now he's announcing on "Your Hit Parade," the Lombardo and Harry James nights for "Spotlight Bands." and several others. Mama Bea Wain has long been known for her perfect per-fect diction as wen as her distinctive distinc-tive style In singing: she's been on "Your Hit Parade" and other big radio shows. Now that Wayne's ar rived, she'U be on the air again. Joan Edwards estimates that she spends about 20 hours a week working work-ing out technical problems, prior to her actual singing time of 12 minutes min-utes on "Your Hit Parade"; being a thorough musician, she works witn arrangers on musical details of the SEWING CIRCLE PATTERNS Cltarmina, Gridp VJutl Otvo-piece 3)reM for 1Joung C7 ton-Bronte, Upon their discharge early In 1943, both brothers returned to the family farm. Intent on purchasing the 360-acre farm, previously rented rent-ed by the family, the brothers arranged ar-ranged the necessary financing with Farm Security administration, which permits 40 years at 3 per cent interest for repayment of farm purchase loans. A major factor In the family's success was the diversified diver-sified farming plan which the agency agen-cy helped the family to map out Faced with a $4,800 debt contracted contract-ed in purchasing the farm, the Bowdens embarked on an ambitious farm program designed to wipe out the debt In shortest possible time. Within a year they had paid off more than half the debt Today, only three years later, the final payment pay-ment has been made to the govern- BiiSjsjlfr i1i"ssai irsin A'-"'v,ftatiae PIGS BOOST INCOME Oren Bowden la hown here with brood sowa and some of the young porkers which will be ready for market In the fait Returns from cattle and pigs Increase earnings on the Bowden farm, which Is operated on a well-rounded diversified farming plan. diversified farming, they also have cotton, hogs and 12 head of beef cattle, principally of the Black Angus An-gus type. To develop their herd, they recently purchased a purebred Angus bull. In 1944, the Bowdens marketed 20 tons of peanuts, $600 worth of hogs, and $60 worth of cattle. They had 15 other hogs left over for marketing market-ing by the end of that year as well as 12 stock hogs and 2 milk cows. Sale of chickens and eggs also added add-ed to farm returns. Marketings the following year included in-cluded 20 tons of peanuts, 4 bales of cotton and about $588 worth of hogs. After these sales, they had 24 Duroc shoats, 4 brood sows and 30 pigs on hand as well as their beef cattle. The "old folks" are helping the veterans progress in their farming venture. The elder Bowden raises garden produce, selling $112 worth of cabbage from a tew rows in his garden last year. Intent on increas ing the returns, he has planted six 80-foot rows of cabbage this year, Mrs. Bowden also is active In work around the house and garden. Size of the family also has been Increased. After the last farm payment pay-ment was made, Oren was married and brought his wife to the family farm home. Today the Bowdens are considered successful Alabama farmers. Each member of the family does his proper prop-er share of work and all reap the benefits of good living on a wen-operated wen-operated farm. Furthermore, the elder Mr. and Mrs. Bowden can take more time to enjoy the peace and security of farm life now that their boys, like so many others, are home again from the war. ..1,11111 miipiwiu.. iiijijji)wipiii.M'- : - i " A , - - .... .i Si ftm 1476 Loans to Veterans for Farm Purchases And Operating Costs Reach High Peak Setting a- new high in Farm Secur-4 Ity administration loans to veterans. 5,400 ex-servicemen were nnancea in purchase of farm operating equipment or family farms within a two-month period, according to figures released by department of agriculture. The loans, made during March and April, constitute nearly a third of the total number the agency has approved for veterans during the last two years. FSA Administrator Admin-istrator Dillar B. Lasseter announces. Declaring that the agency expects the record lending to continue. Las seter reports that more than 20,000 veteran applications now are being processed in county offices. More than 16,000 veterans already have received FSA assistance. Ap proximately 1,000 of them obtained farm purchase loans under terms of the Bankhead-Jones farm tenant act from an earmarked fund set' up by congress. The rest have loans to buy machinery and livestock live-stock or for other operating eeds. Soaring real estate prices and bck of productive farms for sale have handicapped veterans in their quest for farms. Lasseter says. Guidance Plan Aids Farmers Getting Loans Individual guidance in good farm and home management practices is provided by Farm Security administration admin-istration with all loans, the department depart-ment of agriculture emphasizes. Each loan, the department reports, re-ports, is based on a sound plan for farm and home management that is worked out by the borrower and his family. The plan shows items the farmer intends to raise, his estimated esti-mated operating expenses and income in-come he may expect to make. A FSA supervisor, schooled In efficient ef-ficient farm methods, helps each family make and carry out the plan. He wUl supply information on how to select and care for livestock, plan crop rotations and put other good farm methods into practice. In most rural counties a home supervisor, super-visor, trained in home economics, also is available to assist the family. Main objects of the guidance plan, according to FSA, are to help the farmer "get the most income from his work, obtain a good living for his family and repay his loan." , v. nil -ri ; ' "' " ' f f I i JOAN EDWARDS orchestral backgrounds to her songs, rehearses in various keys to get the right one, spends hours on getting a good mike balance between be-tween her voice and the orchestra. Next time you hear Joan's effortless effort-less performance, remember that she put a lot of hard work into making mak-ing it seem so casual A role in "The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber" lured Reginald Regi-nald Denny back to the screen; he's been too busy to act He made model planes as a hobby, then during dur-ing the war he made them for the army, for identification purposes. Finally he converted his plant to make Jet propulsion models. Lanny Ross scored a hit at a recent re-cent concert in Chicago when he sang Strauss' "Emperor Walts." One critic said his performance was better than the lyrics deserved not knowing that Ross wrote the lyrics himself, nader the name of Robert Matthews! It sounded fine, that plan to paint Betty Hutton and the girls of a chorus cho-rus line with gold lacquer for the Casino de Paris finale in Para-mount's Para-mount's "Perils of Pauline." But it had to be abandoned Betty and 12 of the 18 dancers were allergic to the gold paint r j-V4T v CARES FOB CABBAGE . . . Most of the gardening en the Bowden farm is done by J. W. Bowden, 69, father of the Bowden Bow-den brothers. Here he is working among his cabbages, which netted net-ted $141 in 1345. New Jersey farmer Termed Hordes! Working Man in State On the basis of the working day's length, the title of hardest working work-ing man in New Jersey can be conferred con-ferred on the average farmer In the Garden state, declares the state department de-partment of agriculture. Figures cited by the department show that as of June 1 New Jersey Jer-sey farm operators were working an average of 12 hours daily, which adds up to a 72-hour week, excluding ex-cluding time devoted to Sunday chores. During harvesting operations, opera-tions, particularly in July and August Au-gust longer working days are in store for farmers. A farmer's week adds up to a 72-hour 72-hour period contrasted to a factory employee's regular work week of 40 hours. Then, too, according to the department whenever a day's work is lost on a farm the output of 12 hours is involved whereas only aa eight-hour day is lost when a city Fred MacMurray was to eat real caviar in a scene in "Suddenly It's Spring," but most of the "caviar" on the table was buckshot bathed in axle grease looks just the same on the screen. A prop man stopped MacMurray Just as he was about to take a mouthful of the imitation. "That's aU right," said he. "Caviar tastes like buckshot and axle grease to me, anyway." Sara Haden is playing her 42nd hard-boiled secretary to a star In Mr. Ace," as handmaiden to Syl via Sidney. Sara says her frigid mien has made her one of the busiest busi-est players In the film colony, and "At the end of a, day's work as a frozen-face, I go home and sit In front of the mirror and Just laugh my head oft. It's the best way of relaxing, especially when I know that next morning I'll have to freeie up again." Versatile Frock DELIGHTFULLY cool and comfortable com-fortable button fronter for the slightly heavier figure. Easy to car for because it opens out flat to iron. You'll look as crisp as a lettuce leaf these hot sticky days in this go-everywhere dress. tiHwn M 147S eamea In sizes 31. 31. 40. 42, 44. 46, 48, SO and 62. Size 38, cap sleeves, ' yarai oi w m-iucu. For Dress-Up A GAY little two piece frock for the miss of six to fourteen. She'U adore it for special dress-up occasions the brief flared peplum is edged in dainty scallops and there s a narrow contrasting belt to tie in a bow. Use a pretty flowered fabric and trim with at usual buttons. Pattern No. 8053 is designed lata S, S, 19. 12 and 14 years. Size I nm I yards 4 35 or 39-inch. Maw Exelttnr Dlffanat a, a- ter ! .1 FASHION. 8ea4 twntHn enw r jmmi py n urn K-iafiMM Ideas an aatterna fer all hemeMVM,.. aafteaUaaa ay saUeaaUy kaewi tuU eaitara ... speeiai eauerat r MMiihi Amerieaa deals nera . . . etnteit icapi h America's talented Jnaiara . . . (rat ai der pad patten ariated la keek, Send your order to: SEWING CIRCLE PATTERN BEtt. TSS aflsstea St. Saa Frucliee, CO. Enclose 25 cents la colas fer ad pattern desired. -; Pattern No. Si Warns i Address- plant shuts down. No report of the number of hours per day worked by farmers can estimate the time spent on Sundays Sun-days and holidays when, as on any other day, chores such as feeding livestock, milking and other Jobs must he done on a farm regardless of the day of the week. A year ago, when the war stU waged. New Jersey farmers spent . fold in iA hills of ku olWs u.a uvui j at wwa. i ranrn m suruana, toft. Shortly after Warner Brothers brought sound to motion pictures. some 20 years ago, a stage dancer arrived in Hollywood to give Joan Crawford some special instruction. He was tested as a possibility for pictures, and given this rating "Difficult to photograph. No dramatic dra-matic quality. Thin hair. Poor speaking voice. Not a romantic type. Dances." His name was Fred Astairel ODDS AND ENDSMarilvm Mr. weU will wear bathing suit th. J&rst time on the tcreea in "Carnation CharUt": Red Skelton, who'U appear tn me tome sequence, doejn t ex to be noticed at aU... Ink f jmf "To Each His Own," is haunting rum- aiage tales, looking lor an old-fashioned leather library chair for hit homo . . . Signs Basso plays her most important im-portant romantic scene with Bnh Bam J There's Life," wearing an old-fashioned scoolen night thin . . . AUie, young ton of Robert Alda, Ww ners star, it earning a day by pan- 6 aaaaaap iibui aiwi w 'PP'a UV W J T-JK .IF.'STU Hwi;4 itfa i;aaira,:UiigieLi SPRAINS AND STRAINS SPIAINS STRAUS Mafmc NEED SLOAN'S LINIMENT How to Outbluif a VICIOUS DOG at night! - r '" r ...at recommend1 sytt Comdr.myNeci, and judge atdegthtttf' wartime head of tt$ W Guard War Oog Tnm 1 The fact thst 999. out of a thoowijW friendly, safe i f doesn't alter ccasionaUy-tliiOtt treatment, neglect " disease-a dogMf vicious. f1 O Such animals are dan- gerous. Especially at uightl If cornered outdoors, at night, torn on your "Eve-ready" "Eve-ready" flashlight! Shine it directly at the dog's eyes, to blind and perhaps bewilder be-wilder him. He may leap at the light, however; sff don't hold it in front Of yon. Hold It at arm's length to the side. Most important.; -1 V: FX "KM -daW.vA hiWHama fcfc'M" ... 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