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Show "WHAT GOES UP" Released by WNU. Is speculative ownership of land becoming the "No. 1 Enemy" of future farm prosperity? pros-perity? Are land prices due to tumble as they did after World War I? Will the cost of land go so high that the farm-er farm-er cannot make a profit? These are questions that are being asked from California to Maine. Land prices have already soared 71 per cent above the 1935-39 aver- ages. They are approaching the boom levels that followed World War I. Many bankers are frankly worried lest the crash and deflation of the early 1920s be repeated. Government figures show farm land prices daring World War II more than doubled In Indiana, North and Booth Carolina, Caro-lina, Kentucky, Tennessee, Colorado Colo-rado and Wyoming. Increases of more than 90 per cent have been recorded In Ohio, Michigan, Georgia, Mississippi, Arkansas and Montana. For the country as a whole, farm real state values have Jumped 13 per cent In the past year. From the beginning of World War I to the inflation peak in 1920, land prices Jumped 70 per cent Prices t the start of World War II were lower than In 1914, but the Increase In-crease this time is already 71 per cent, although the actual prices are not yet at the 1920 peak. Higher Land, Lera Profit. Farm tales are continuing at the high level they attained during 1949. The number of farms resold after limited period of ownership has Increased,, Indicating speculation. Farmers wha have a "yen" to acquire additional acreage, says statement by the Middle Weat Boll Improvement committee, commit-tee, should bear In mind that the higher the cost of land goes, the harder It la to ahow a profit, cvea at present price received for crops. "With sons home from the war nd with more and better farm ma- INFANTILE PARALYSIS No Community Is Safe From Polio Epidemic Areas that have been free of Infantile In-fantile paralysla outbreaks for a cumber of years may be more vulnerable vul-nerable to the disease than those with recent epidemic experience, Dr. Thomas Parran, surgeon general gen-eral of the U. 8. public health service, serv-ice, recently stated. Discussing "cycles of epidemics" fa the June Issue of Hospitals mag- azlne, official publication pub-lication ef the American Hospitals association. Dr. Parran said such theorizing had no 'clentlflo basis but was founded on presumptive evidence, evi-dence, adding: "Many observers observ-ers have theorized that aa an epidemic epidem-ic spreads through Or. Parraa out the community, it reduces the number of susceptible Individuals to a point where the epidemic can no longer maintain Itself. Until a new group of potential victims grow up. which may be from four to six years, that community should be less vulnerable to attack." Dr. Parran said there was danger dan-ger in "relying too strongly on this theory" since recently exposed areas may be "lulled into a feeling feel-ing of take security" while localities locali-ties which have been tree of the disease for several years "may become unduly alarmed." "The safest procedure by far," he advised, "is for all communities to prepare tor epidemics." Dr. Parran's article in the AHA magazine was one of 10 on Infantile Infan-tile paralysis timed to reach more than 3,500 member hospitals throughout the country before onset on-set of the polio epidemic season, usually ranging from late June to September. The other articles provide Information In-formation on methods of treatment organization of community resources, re-sources, the key position of the general gen-eral hospital in the over-all care of poliomyelitis patients, and the role of the National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis in financing polio treatment at general hospitals. Dr. Parran said that all communities communi-ties should inventory .their facilities New Matches Can Be Rain-Soaked and Matches which can be submerged sub-merged in water tor four hours and still light have been announced by a U. S. match company. It is stated the matches will withstand Innumerable Innum-erable drenching and still function, and win be a boon to farmers, hunter, hunt-er, fishermen and others who often get caught In showers. These water-resistant matches were developed during the war to WOKID WAR 1 IHI7 WIS I4H Wl SO 8) 70 bO J- V 50 J. 20 10 J- 100 tXMU MtMVM LAND PRICES . . . Went np during and after World War I-nd then came tumbling down. Price have not gone a high in World War II aa before, but they art soaring. These charta show same trend aa in 1914 to 1920. chinery In immediate prospect, many farmers figure it would be a profitable move to work much more land than heretofore," the statement state-ment points out "If they will remember re-member the bitter aftermath of World War Ps land boom, when food prices were even higher than they are today, they will see the hazards of such a move. "Sooner or later the present world food emergency will be solved and the mammoth demand for American Ameri-can food products will end. Then American farmers will have to compete com-pete in world markets. The only way they can do this successfully is to produce crops at a lower cost per unit In such a program, the steady use of fertilizer containing nitrogen. for the treatment of polio, including includ-ing hospitals which normally do not accept patients suffering with contagious diseases, and he added: "Such pre-epldemio planning is necessary If adequate care la to be given to all who contract the disease. Under the guidance of those officials charged with the commu' nity's health and with the substan tial support of the National Founda tion for Infantile Paralysis and its local chapters, every community in the United States can be prepared to meet epidemics of poliomyelitis without tear or panic." Woman Has Churned 10 Tons of Butter EVERTON, MO.-Mrs. Gala O. Fletcher of Everton, by actual account ac-count kept In an old ledger, has churned 21,000 pounds of butter by hand In an old-fashioned brass-bound brass-bound churn in her 78 years. She explains ex-plains that she has been churning butter since she was four years old when she had to stand on a wooden box to grasp the dasher handle. "It would be quite a lake if all the cream I have churned should flow into one pool," she said recently. re-cently. The churn she uses Is a century old and she has worn out many a home-made dasher in it. She keeps the cream only a short time before she-churns it so that the nutter she makes will be sweet. After the butter is churned she places it in a large earthen crock which has been sunning tor several hours. Then she starts working it with a circular movement using a flat wooden paddle. That works the milk from the butter in about 10 minutes. She puts the butter away for several hours and then works it again to get out the last of the milk drops. The finished butter is a golden gold-en balL In order to have the best buttermilk, butter-milk, Mrs. Fletcher leaves flakes of butter floating in It After 75 years' experience she believes she understands under-stands all phases of butter making. Contentment among cows ia as important to good butter as .the right kind of feed, she believes. provide a sure-fire light tor members mem-bers of the armed forces under the wettest conditions of amphibious and Jungle warfare, but will soon be available to civilians. Accepted by the war department in 1943 after rigorous tests, millions of the water resistant matches were shipped from the factory to fighting fronts. Most of the terviee water-resistant matches were packaged pack-aged in the familiar nickle-size WORLD WAR n IW IS43 I'm lMb IS47 2 80 rV- 70 1 bo -4 50 .L 40 30 T 20 io 100 -V - phosphorus and potash will be a major ma-jor factor. More bushels per acre can, and will, mean more food from less land. Increase Yields, Not Acres. "The wise fanner will be the one who does not buy more land, but who increases the crop-yielding capacity ca-pacity of his present acreage by soil improvement measures. He will study the most practical uses of plant food. He wUl consult agronomists agrono-mists at state college and agricultural agricul-tural stations for the most effective methods of fertilizer application, the analyse best suited to his particular par-ticular soil and crop conditions and the quantities to use." This advice to farmers to improve im-prove their present holdings rather than to acquire greater acreage. was corroborated by the committee commit-tee on farm land prices of the American Amer-ican Bankers association which urged member banks to admonish would-be farm buyers "go slow," to discourage borrowing to speculate specu-late in farm lands, and to tell veterans vet-erans of "the hazards inherent In excessive land prices." "Country bankers," a committee spokesman said, "are fully cognizant cog-nizant of the dangers inherent in the present farm land price situation. They are urging farm owners now to reduce their debt and to plan savings sav-ings for farm improvement during these years of high income, because when conditions return to normal and American agriculture is in competition com-petition with other , countries for world markets, it is' probable that farm earnings will not support prices at current levels." J CHECK LADDER ... To prevent farm accidents, the National Safety council warns those who use ladders te act the base firmly firm-ly about one-fourth ef the ladder's height from the wall or tree, and grasp the side not the rungs as they climb up. Still Light boxes for the armed forces, but another an-other type, a tiny waterproof light little more than an Inch long, waa also produced for emergency kits. The water-resistant matches or civilians win be sold in nackasea of eight boxes of pocket size, each box containing 40 matches. These new matches, which "shed water like a duck's back," carry a money-back guarantee If they fail to light after a four-hour submersion. - , - I K i t f Few Legislators Authors Of Bills They Introduce By BAUKHAGE Newt Analyt and Commentator. WNU Service, 1616 Eye Street N.W., Washington, D. O. A bright young railroad executive who has his cum laude in law from a lamed university was sitting with me in Burt's the other day. Burt's is a sort of ereenroom lor ra dio. folk and others f"9 woo nivvej iuu speak and have their being in what is euphemistically referred to as Washington's Radio Ra-dio center. Inspired (or infuriated) by the presence of so many of the few who say so much to so many, my friend launched forth Into a tirade on the responsibility respon-sibility of the publicist 'You can't play baseball accord ing to football rules," he said, shak ing a menacing fist at me, "and that is what Washington officials are doing. You studied political science years ago. I studied It only 20 year ago. And you know perfectly wen that the present generation is not following the rule laid down by our founding father. You ought to ten the public about it "Now maybe the principle of our government are wrong. I am not de fending them. But I am laying that we are deserting them. Rule of the majority, a republican form of government gov-ernment operated by the representative represent-ative of the people, 1 a travesty, when legislation is Jammed through by minorities. And I mean bureaucrats as well as lobbyists." This happened when the senate was neck-deep In the final debate over the OPA and my friend claimed congress was revolting revolt-ing against what he called the high pressure methods of the administration. adminis-tration. Since the congress was tearing tear-ing the administration measure to shreds at that moment I pointed out that while it was true that eongress was sore at Stabilizer Bowles for what they called propagandizing. the example was not a very good one. So he proceeded to develop his theme with specific references all too familiar to me and my col leagues of the microphone and typewriter. type-writer. Town Seefne With Lobbyists You, too, are familiar with the power of the "pressure boys" as my friend Kenneth Crawford called them in his revealing book by that name. Crawford estimated there were 6,000 active lobbyists in Washington Wash-ington when World War H started. There are many more now. Speaker Speak-er Rayburn said the town was "seething" with them. We all remember the seven-digit urn of money contributed to a campaign cam-paign fund which came out of the members' dues of one great labor union. True, the head of the union later quarrelled with the president whom he had helped elect because the president refused to take bis orders. Nevertheless, this example Illustrates what "big money" attempts, at-tempts, and sometimes succeeds in doing. We know, too, that when the entire en-tire economy of the country was locked to a dead center by strikes In two essential Industries, coal and transportation, and that when the government Itself gave orders, those orders were disobeyed. Minority Mi-nority rule was operating then. Minority Mi-nority groups nullified the wishes of the duly-elected representatives of the people. My friend, with all his vehemence, ve-hemence, with his allegiance to management made no claim that the demands of the railroad men, the coal miners, were unjust. He merely said that In order to obtain what they considered justice, the powerful leaders of the organizations organiza-tions to which they belong were able to play baseball according to football foot-ball rules temporarily at least The theory that the creation of the laws of the land has been taken from the hands of the elected representatives repre-sentatives of the people was put forth by Crawford in "The Pressure Boys" seven years ago when he aid: "It is improbable that a single sin-gle Important law enacted in the last 10 years has been written by Its congressional sponsor or its nominal author. Administration bills are prepared by New Deal experts ex-perts in executive departments. Legislation Independently inaugurated inaugu-rated Is almost invariably pre- parea in me omce or a lobbyist Congress maintains a legislative BARBS . . . There are 630 acres of forest land ta the United States. Plenty of tall timber to take to when the price tart to rise. Sari Browder plans to open a publishing house tor Russian books in New York City. Why don't we get some pro-American Russian to open an American book publishing venture In Moscow? A J ! drafting service which writes bills for committees, but it seldom is called upon by individual legislators for assistance in writing any minor pivate bills." LaFollette Bill Would Revamp Thomas Mechlin, writing on this subject in the current Virginia Quarterly Review, touches on the subject of readymade legislation. He tells how a lobby "gets its own staff together and knocks out a bill which the front office would like to see made a law eventually. It then I runs the draft over to a large law I firm which has one of its members in congress. Although the congressman con-gressman cannot personally represent repre-sent the client the method used in submitting the proposed legislation through the body of the firm takes care of that ... If the lobby is well-organized, it will exploit high-powered high-powered publicity from then on out" I am constrained to admit that much in all of these assertions is true. But I would like to mention three hopeful signs on the horizon, minuscule though they may be. Two were measures introduced but not acted upon in this session of congress. con-gress. They will be presented again and have a good chance of passing. One is the LaFollette measure for revamping congress, one provision of which increases the technical assistance as-sistance available to members. The second is a bill introduced by Representative Sabath of Illinois, which provides for an all-inclusive investigation of lobbies. Most congressmen con-gressmen don't like lobbyists and Sabath's bill, as Mechlin admits, was a crystallization of this feeling. The third indication was a resolution resolu-tion introduced during the OPA fight by Senator Taylor (D. of Idaho) authorizing the publication publica-tion of a document on how each senator sen-ator voted on every measure. He said that the people are becoming more aware of their political responsibilities, re-sponsibilities, that politics is no longer solely in the hands of politicians, politi-cians, ward-heelers and lobbyists. Congress is sensitive to the need of a restoration of majority rate, but the only real hope lies within the majority itself. Unfortunately, the giant sleeps. South Dakotans Set Swearing-in Two recent visitors to Washington, Washing-ton, Mrs. Evelyn Baker and Mrs. James Magee of Custer and Belle Fourche, S. D., can tell their friends back home in the Black Hills region that while they were here they took in three events which might set the tone for all such future events. The ladies, winners of a radio contest con-test to honor women who did their bit during the war years, visited Washington during the week when three top-drawer government officials, offi-cials, all close friends of Harry Truman, Tru-man, were sworn into new jobs. The swearing-in of a cabinet officer offi-cer used to be a rather modest affair. af-fair. The swearinee, his family, a tew friends, and his office staff, a few of the press, usually gathered in his new office, and the whole affair af-fair was over in about the time it ' for bride and groom to say "I do." . Fred Vinson and f "wic Schwellenbach did travel to Capitol Hill for their inaugura tuns a.-ury a.-ury and labor secretaries respectively. respec-tively. But those events occasioned no such hoopla as did the ceremonies cere-monies which made Monday Tuesday Tues-day Wednesday Washington news one late week in June. Mrs. Magee and Mrs. Baker and five thousand other spectators, plus the navy band, gathered on the White House lawn to watch Mr. Vinson Vin-son take over his new office as chief Justice of the United States; they saw John Snyder's big moment made bigger when President Truman Tru-man strolled from the White House to the treasury portico to watch his St Louis crony take the oath as head of the treasury department; and they observed tall, young-looking John Steelman's swearing-in as reconversion director, a ceremony which took place in the rose gardens gar-dens of the White House. Having observed these impressive impres-sive occasions, the Black Hills visi-tor visi-tor could appreciate the widely, whispered remark of Undersecretary Undersec-retary of Navy John Sullivan. (Sullivan (Sul-livan got his swearing-in done quiet-ly quiet-ly and traditionally on June 18.) As Sullivan congratulated John Steel-man Steel-man after the rose garden ceremony, cere-mony, he asked, "Well, are you the last of the June brides?" by Baukhage The publicity man for the six stunning Goldwyn girls touring the country to boost the movie "The Kid from Brooklyn" expected the President's daughter to have them to tea. Miss Truman was out of town. I made the patriotic suggestion sug-gestion they go to Annapolis instead. in-stead. If there had been time to arrange ar-range it I would probably have a navy cross by now. ENDLESS ARGUMENTS RAGE World Awaits Second Test of Atomic Bomb v FIRST BUST, Awe 0h. fo ship rank, nine ship wracked, forty-live V raoorted domoged. I X.I t ..f- L"jrx. -lit- II r jrr2W act-urais bwii " wm - , ZZZZZZZK. ipt crmhme effod on ship' NwgyyMr hulli. Gnat radioactivity ia water. Giant wave ta sweep ovor ships THIRD TEST, to b itagd out dS P ytar. Predict iont of torn who wrr -'"-'rjaaaaaaaBr t J t.. ... ilud all diina "'.IVT I 11 bank drSOMd b PWOO By WALTER A. SHEAD WNU Correipandeat. ABOARD USS APPALACHIAN OPERATIONS CROSSROADS. Second or Baker test ol the atomic bomb in Bikini lagoon, now tentatively tenta-tively set for July 25, will be like dynan.iting fish in a pond. Lacking will be the glamour of the army air force and precision bombing as the whole thing will be a navy show. The bomb will be submerged some 73 feet beneath the surface in about 30 fathoms of water, 180 feet, and detonated in the midst of the target fleet which is being regrouped to meet new conditions con-ditions of the test. This second test also will lack the drama of the bomb burst and the atomic cloud, which is characteristic characteris-tic of atomic bombs exploded in air. What is likely to happen is that the intense heat will generate steam in the water and the terrific force will expend a part of its energy in a waterspout with a cloud of steam and vapor shooting into the air. Intent In-tent of this test is to measure force of atomic energy upon the hull structure of naval ships spaced at various distances from the center of the explosion. Subs to Submerge. There will not be the visible damage dam-age which was inflicted wholly upon the topsides or superstructures as in the first blast Since there is to be no ship placed directly above the point of blast, the prediction is being be-ing made freely that no capital ships will be sunk, although lighter craft may be capsized. Another feature of the second blast is the placing of submerged submarines in the target fleet and it will be interesting to note the effect of the bomb force upon the steel hulls of these vessels ves-sels beneath the water. Naval scientists predict that force of the underwater blast will create waves of sufficient height possibly 10 or more feet which will sweep over low-lying Bikini Island, although this was also forecast in the first blast and did not materialize. Meantime, endless arguments proceed pro-ceed as to the degree of damage to the ships, the location of the bomb burst, whether the drop from the plane was a "near miss," probable loss of life had the ships been manned with full complement, and comparative efficiency of this first Bikini bomb as compared to the bombs at Alamogordo, Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Precision Bombing. When it is considered that this bomb was dropped from a height of something like six miles and hit within a 1,000-yard circle, this reporter re-porter would consider that pretty pret-ty good precision bombing. Adm. T. A. Solberg of the bureau bu-reau of ships, however, declared that insofar as he could judge, every ship damaged by the bomb, with the exception of the Independence, could be put Into fighting shape within two or three months. For the Independence, battered and ripped apart by explosion of ner own torpedoes, her ammunition and aviation gasoline and burning for almost two days, it would take Arkansas May Be Second Target Ship Target ship, or vessel nearest cen ter of the blast for the second atomic bomb test , may be the overage over-age battleship Arkansas, it has been indicated by reliable sources although al-though no definite announcement has been' made by Adm. W! H. P. Blandy, commander of operations crossroads and the Joint task force. The carrier Saratoga was first slated to be second target ship. An interesting sidelight on fate of 1- ... 11 kaatk drSODM in4 bomb to bo atantod iutl ndee turfoco ef the water. 3rd "bath yipti ere" bomb to explode 1 dtptti of about , nine months to put her in shape. Also all ships damaged, with the single exception of the Independence, Independ-ence, towed away and anchored far out in the lagoon, likely could have pulled away under their own steam, had they been manned with crews. Study Effects. In the meantime, Bikini lagoon has been turned into a vast laboratory labora-tory of science, chief interest being be-ing the effect of the bomb and its subsequent radiological rays upon the live animals placed aboard the ships at various locations likely to be occupied by the men aboard. Amazingly, only about 10 per cent of the animals were killed by the force of the blast Some are burned and sick and others may become ill from effects of radioactivity. As a matter of fact a few already have been destroyed by medical doctors, who are studying this phase of atomic energy in an effort to determine deter-mine bow this radioactivity can be used in medicine in treatment of disease. Persons or animals which receive these powerful rays into their systems sys-tems are variously affected and the boarding teams upon these shins are preceded by a traind man carry ing a "Geiger counter," a small box-like apparatus which registers radioactivity by a ticking noise. Estimate Losses. A fleet such as those which com posed the target fleet would normally normal-ly carry approximately 30.000 men. It is reasonable to assume then that approximately 10 per cent or 3,000 men, would have been killed by the atomic bomb blast and that more would have been injured bv radio activity. Whether much of the dam age to ships caused by subsequent fires aboard could have been avert ed had crews been aboard is a moot question. Some ships captains declare de-clare that damage would have been much less had the ship fire-fighting equipment been brought into play, and this seems reasonable in that most of the loss on the Independence Independ-ence was due to fire and explosion and not the bomb blast. There Is no attempt however on the part ef naval authorities to minimize the terrible power of this atomic bomb. No other single bomb ever did the damage dam-age to a fleet that this one did . . . five ships sunk, one completely com-pletely out of commission and approximately 10 others out of action for two months or longer, long-er, and small to negligible damage dam-age done to 10 others. However, another atomic bomb likely would not find 73 ships to make up a helpless ghost fleet grouped conveniently like sitting ducks and whether use of the atomic atom-ic bomb as an offensive weapon of naval warfare upon snips at sea is militarily sound still is a debated debat-ed question and one which the naval evaluation board will study during the next few weeks or months. It must be remembered that whatever what-ever is said about this second bomb test before the actual test is in the realm of conjecture, and much of the conjecture made prior to the first test did not materialize. the Saratoga, which suffered anl negligible damage in the first test I that her commander, Capt Donald Don-ald MacMahon. knowing that she was Slated tor the second tareet ship made a wager with a friend In Washington, before bringing the ship to Bikini, that he would take her back to the East coast under her own power. 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