OCR Text |
Show ' i i ( A If 1 5QyearffAutomobiles By AL JEDLICKA FIFTY years ago, H. H. Kohlsaat, editor and publisher pub-lisher of the old Chicago Times-Herald, took up his pen to make this daring prediction predic-tion to a skeptical public: ' "The horse still has work to do but motors are coming in and they will, In the end, be cheaper, faster and more economical. They will of necessity ne-cessity command ultimate supremacy. The law of selection, selec-tion, the survival of the fittest, Is going to play its part In carrying it out as it has played It In everything else in the world." Kohlsaat u drumming up his promotion of the first American automobile race to be run at Chi. eago, 1U, with the twin objectives of popularizing the motor car and improving the country's roadways. His was no easy task. for. though the automobile has since become, an Important economic and social link In American life, It was then looked upon with curiosity and even suspicion, suspi-cion, Indeed, the nation's farmers then were in, the forefront of opposition to the automobile, as exemplified by the affronts suffered by Louis Green-eugn Green-eugn and Baity Adams of Pierre, S.D., lathe early nineties. Having tennaTtniMsijI fctmamnrfjk tinvaaw leas wagon." powered by a twoyl' jiwcr ai engine nut capauw us seating eight, the progressive pair vert refused the right to carry pas Sengers at county fairs, end were even refused permission to drive their Vehicle Inside the town limits of Mitchell Said the Press and Dakotam B Ms dead choral certainty that that InTeroal machine will frighten horses and endanger the lives of men, women and Children." Model V Arrives. - By the time Henry Ford's old uouei t started roiling in tne taws, however, the American farmer, like bis ether compatriots, was rapidly accepting the new motor ear. Radical Rad-ical Improvements In construction and design have come through the years. A vast Integrated roadway system presently comprising nearly near-ly 600,000 miles in state highways alone has been constructed. Almost from the start, the gas-driven car supplanted the electric and ateam Jobs, proving a steadier source of power and simpler to maintain. The extent of the development of the automobile In the 80 years, dating dat-ing from the first American race, la .vividly shown in the Chicago Museum of Science and Industry's exhibit to connection with the celebration cele-bration of the motor car'a golden anniversary. an-niversary. It was at the southwest entrance of the present museum, then the Fine Arts Building of the Columbian Exposition of 1893, that the heralded herald-ed race of 1893 got under way, with six vehicles lined up. Four were gas-driven gas-driven of either double or single cylinder motors, and two were electric-powered. According to accounts, a goodly throng waa on hand to see the start of the (5-mile race from Chicago to Evanston and back. The roads were Slushy from an early snowfall. Crowds pressed about the high-Wheeled, high-Wheeled, buggy-type vehicles in wonder, only drawing back te permit the driven to start off. With Kohlsaat bent upon making the raee a constructive event rather rath-er than a circus, strict rules were laid down for judging the winner, with a total of $5,000 m cash prizes. Awards were te be made on general gen-eral utility or performance of the 1. Frank Duryea (left) at the tiller of his car at the atari of the first automobile race In the United States held In Chicago on Thanksgiving Day, 1895. Beside Duryea is Arthur M. White, aa umpire. machines, economy of operation, and appearance or design. Three of the contestants dropped out early in the race, one gas-driven job falling to obtain sufficient traction in the slippery going, and two electric-powered vehicles retiring retir-ing because of battery limitations. Only Two Finished. That left three gas-powered machines ma-chines in the running, with one, the Rogers, entered by the Macys of New York, falling out after first colliding col-liding with a street ear and damaging dam-aging the gearing and then running Into a back and bending the steering steer-ing apparatus. With four vehicles eliminated, only the two-cylinder Duryea Motor Mo-tor Wagon, piloted by Frank Duryea, and the single-cylinder imported Bens, driven by Oscar Mueller and Charles King, remained to fight it out Traveling the distance In a little lit-tle over 10 hours, Duryea crossed the line first, with King, who relieved re-lieved Mueller after he' collapsed under the tension, following close behind. be-hind. Though the winning car Is not on exhibition at the museum, a surrey-type Stevens-Duryea model of the 1900s is to bo seen, with Its brass kerosene tamps, folding top and leather mudguards. A tour-seat er, the driver waa situated in the back, with the engine beneath him. First to win an American automo. -:V.:liiteeeVv .- "-" JULii This Is one of the handsomest of the new cars, the Packard CUpper for 1946. The dashing appearance has been achieved by redesigning the radiator grille and by more massive sldegnard bumpers. Colorful new Interiors and clean-lined modern styling also enhance Its beauty. There have been many mechanical Improvements, too. bile race. Duryea also had the distinction dis-tinction of being the first to sell a gas-powered motor car in the U. S. In 1896. Next to the Duryea-Stevens, the Mobile phaeton of 1900 intrigues moderns used to the sleek streamliners stream-liners of today. A surrey-like fourseater four-seater with "steering handle" In the rear, this vehicle had an open front and a square canvaa top with tas-seled tas-seled fringes. Of wooden structure, the Mobile was smartly trimmed In red and black. Along with the old vehicles, the Model T Ford of 1908 proves of especial interest to spectators, milestone mile-stone that it Is in American motor history. None can mistake the Old T with Its high top supported by metal brackets, its leather seats, shining black body, brass headlights and lamps and octagon-shaped hood. Next comes the big blue Cadillac touring ear of 1911, with its high windshield, gears on the outer running run-ning board, steering wheel on right, and brass accessories. A four-cylinder car, this model possessed sn electric Ignition system and headlights. head-lights. No More Cranking. It was the installation of the electric elec-tric starter on the Cadillac of 1911 that marked the first great stride forward hi the development of the automobile in the U. S., not only enabling an easier and safer method of operation but also permitting women to take to motoring. In Inventing the self-starter. C F. Kettering, one of the mechanical wizards of the Industry, was spurred by the mishap of a friend who fractured frac-tured his arm while cranking. Like all Innovators. Kettering had to run a gaunUet of scoffers, but he got out of s sick bed to demonstrate his new 1 L . v Fifty years ago J. Frank Duryea and his brother, Charles, formed the Duryea Motor Wagon Corp. They made and sold 16 of the quaint machines in 1896. Theirs was the pioneer automobile manufacturing manu-facturing company of the United States. The 1895 model was described de-scribed as a vehicle tunning "on four wheels with pneumatic pneu-matic tires and ball bearings. Speed is controlled by a proper prop-er arrangement of gears, cones and levers." The Duryea company, despite de-spite its early start and the prestige enjoyed by the car following the victory in the American automobile race at Chicago on Thanksgiving Day, 1895, faded out in the. 1900s. apparatus after a previous test had miscarried when the car caught fire. Coming In the same decade was the closed car, which also represented represent-ed a marked advance in the motor industry since it permitted year-round year-round use of vehicles. On exhibition exhibi-tion at the museum is a 1918 custom-built Pierce, with an open driver's driv-er's seat and a closed rear, fashioned fash-ioned after the elaborate horse-carriages of old with oval windows and fabric upholstery of pearl gray. Also shown Is a gray 1916 Overland coupe, with the low slung body and high, box-like cab. In 1924, automobile engineering made another significant advance in the installation of four-wheel brakes on Bulcks, adding to the safety features fea-tures of motor vehicles and increasing increas-ing their appeal to the public. The same year, C F. Kettering made another notable contribution to the Industry, developing thyl gasoline, which Increased compression in automobile au-tomobile engines' and resulted in greater power and efficiency and higher mileage. Toward the close of the 1920s, the Old custom-built automobile which bad dominated the Industry since poduction got . under way in the 1900s was replaced by the standardized standard-ized ear. As a result of the perfection perfec-tion of mass production, more automobiles auto-mobiles were turned out at lower prices, putting; motor care within the reach of the average and lower Income groups. With the development of volume output, prices showed a considerable consider-able drop between 192S and 1940. the average in the former year being be-ing $1,007 f.o.b. and in the latter $778 f.o b. Besides, the 1940 cars were heavier and Improvements included in-cluded balloon tires, safety glass, all-steel bodies, finer springs, sturdier stur-dier ,and better finishes, windshield wipers and rear view mirrors. Abo In production in 1940 was the automatic shift, which, like the self-starter, self-starter, promises to further facilitate facili-tate the use of the automobile by the elimination of the hand shift, oft so befuddling to the more nettle-some nettle-some motorist Still a luxury and not In general use, the automatic shift enables drivers to stop and start without the traditional change or disengagement of gears, and provides pro-vides smooth, fast pickup. Spectators at the museum exhibit were quick to notice the revolutionary revolution-ary difference between the old horseless carriages of Duryea' s days and the new' postwar automobiles auto-mobiles on exhibit Though representing repre-senting no radical change over-prewar models, the new cars possess an abundance of chrome grill extending ex-tending across the front, sleek streamlining and many mechanical refinements. Indeed. Kohlsaat's prophecy of 1895 that the automobile was here to stay and would prove of the greatest utility util-ity to the American people has been amply borne out as the museum exhibit ex-hibit shows, even if the Press and Dakotan'a assertion that the infernal infer-nal machine "would frighten horses and endanger the lives of men. women wom-en and children" has proved to be only too true. A tricycle car. with .Its three tk?hautai enWAtisaot two ImllalUa the In till In a ff aAlWa It-Utmm " ' ee otwoiiw wfeuicr planes, la being manufactured la I tos Angeles. It la probably the most startling departure from eon- I ventlonal automobile fleslga that I nas oeea pai mie actual pradacUaa. l aircraft type motor that will give a speed of 101 miles per boar. At ordinary or-dinary speeds It will ran 4 mile oa a gallon ef gasoline, Its makers claim, mi noay piasuo. Xt. . . in Kathleen Norris Says: Building the Family I Tnsre ft ths stent of building hat good lima." By KATHLEEN NORRIS THE world is full of handsome, hand-some, useless buildings that have cost incalculable incalcu-lable fortunes, and that are no use at all. In ydur town and mine everywhere, whether you're driving through New York or Newport, Santa Barbara or Forest Lake, you see these gorgeous homesteads shut up. Even In housing shortages they can't rent these ridiculous ridicu-lous palaces because to keep the bathrooms reasonably warm would take more fuel than anyone can get, to say nothing of the great sepulchral sepul-chral hallways, and the pantries, pan-tries, and the vast cave that once was a dining room. The history of these old places Is a tragic one not because so much happened In them but because nothing did. Some rich, dull old man and ambitious woman built every one of them, realized very soon that there was something dead about the place and that it would never come alive. I know one house outside of London Lon-don that cost two million dollars, and never was lived In not for a moment I know another, In Bills borough, Calll, Into which the husband hus-band and wife never moved. It has 31 rooms, and the floors of all the downstairs rooms are patterned In Parian marbles. These people got a divorce and for awhile the husband lived on with a servant or two, in the gate lodge. Nobody ever has lived in the house. Pathetio Monuments. Up Fifth avenue there are hundreds hun-dreds of these pathetic monuments to man's Idea that brownstone walla and plate glass windows, tiles and brocades, bolserle from Paris and rugs from the Orient, will somehow miraculously turn themselves into a home, some day. The real building of a home must be done with elements that these people never possess and never can buy. Love, to begin with, and dependence de-pendence upon each other, service, children, work and laughter. If by any lucky chance you are a woman who has these things, men the best thing you can do out of a whole world of service is to incor porate them Into a home. Harriet, who writes me from a mid-west town, haa a home, and Just to read of It makes one feel what real riches are. "Raving the seven children always about and their friends also, who number seven times seven, she says. In a tetter Inviting me to visit her, "I cant promise quiet or order not always. For my daughters are friendly creatures, and the five boys are all over the place porch roofs and rain barrels and ladders are their natural perching places. But we do have all the things you write about; a lunch table out in the aide yard; a game room where their possessions pos-sessions are never disturbed; a special spe-cial closet In which they hang school coats and hats and put books and oencila in sneclal nieeonhnlM. w have ritual tor Saturday eights. eooKies, coxes and pencil games; we aW 'Built bj soma rich, duUold WMyMrl)wi'iyo Bell Syndicate. WOT FcatuMa ' horns; making it a plact whers everyone TRUE WEALTH Big fine houses of themselves can't bring happiness. Its the people in them that make the difference. There are plenty of mansions around the world, built by lonely rich peoplewho hoped to get some real joy out of them. Too late they discovered dis-covered that huge empty rooms are a mockery. It takes children and their friends, and cousins and uncles and aunts, and lots of acquaintances acquaint-ances to put life into Aouse. They make noise and they wear out the furniture, and they cost lot to feed, but they bring human warmth and gayety. They make a "house into a home." Today's letter is from a mother of seven children. They haven't much, as possessions posses-sions go just a small house, not big enough for the five boys and two girls and their lively friends but they have the secret of happiness. build as many traditions as, we can like a picnic on Dad's birthday and a comfort drawer tor serious bumps, cuts, or injustices this drawer is filled with odd toys and treasures, from which the afflicted one may select se-lect Our children think they are lucky, and other children do too, and that's what I want to give them; household laws of order and helping, happy companionship, home security. securi-ty. Work and Fun. "Of course. I never stop." the letter goes on. "Meals and beds, socks and floors, picking up and sewing together there is no end to it I market twice a week, bake once, have my main meal In the middle of the day. and sandwiches nothing else, but their variety can be endless and cooked fruit and perhaps cookies or gingerbread oi pudding for supper. "We put unbuttered bread of all sorts on a tray, fill bowls with chopped eggs, mayonnaise, Jam, peanut butter, cheese, corned beef-whatever beef-whatever we can get with tomatoes and lettuce, and everyone makes his own sandwich, and the children feel sorry for other children, who have to set tables and eat potatoes and beans for dinner. "And what a good time It all sums up Into!" There is the secret of building a home; making it a place where everyone has a good time. All the empty, dusty, magnificent palaces of the world don't hold have never held the Joy of even one hour in such a home as this. They moulder away in your town and mine, and the children go romping by them, never even stopping to look In at their forbidding gates. If you want to build a great mansion, man-sion, build it In the happy simple Uvea of your family cousins, uncles, aunts, old. people, children. That Is the only real building; that Is what makes America what she is today. Less Sugar For Us United States civilians have 882 thousand tons of sugar for their needs during the last three months of 1945. This is about equal to the 1943 quantity, but 663 thousand tons lower than last year. It now appears ap-pears that the civilian per capita Consumption win average about 73 pounds, compared with 89 pounds last year. This allocation Includes sugar for commercial food processors. proces-sors. Total civilian supplies tor the year fere estimated at slightly more than t million tons. Attitude Againsl Service Sways Public Joins Influential Organizations in Objections to Training; Need for Interim Security Force Argued. By BAUKHAGE Newt Analyst and Commentator. WNU Service, 1616 Eye Street N.W. Washington, D. C. ' In the days that followed President Presi-dent Truman's message to congress urging universal military training we, in Washington, waited to see if there would be an echo to the President's Presi-dent's words spoken so earnestly but with so little effect on the audience before him. There was an echo all right but it was an emphatic rumble of negation. I wasn't surprised I read my listeners' letters. It was interesting to see the way the members of congress reacted to the President's message as he delivered de-livered it I watched them with one eye on the text of his speech as I stood squeezed into the crowd in the gallery of the house. Varied Reaction To Proposal Here are some of the sentences which I checked as bringing response: re-sponse: i "... above all else, we are strong because of the courage and vigor and skill of a liberty-loving people who are determined that this aation shall remain forever free." (Applause). Well, that was a general, gen-eral, non-compromising sentiment Nothing to do with the subject in band. There was the statement that we iidn't lack faith in the United Nations Na-tions organization, "on the contrary with all we have, we intend to back our obligations and commitments jnder the United Nations charter." (Mild applause, this time.) Then came the response to the first direct appeal for the measure In band. The President said: "The turest way to guarantee that no nation na-tion will attack us Is to remain itrong in the only kind of strength in aggressor can understand military mili-tary power." Applause again but I lad the feeling it was tor the sentiment senti-ment and not the suggested means at implementing it I When he said that 'the basic reason for military training" Is to piarantee safety and freedom from in aggressor, there was another lemonstration, but not quite as ener-jetie ener-jetie and many members. I noted, refrained from any applause at all. i The last- note is the most emphatic. em-phatic. "Good applause" followed iie President's affirmation that "un-pl "un-pl we are assured that our peace machinery is functioning adequately, lie must relentlessly preserve our mperiority.jon land and sea and in Uie air." But that is Just what the congress is not willing to do because .t believes the country is not willing jo have them do it I am sure of Jiat because I know they have been receiving, as I have, tar more let-rs let-rs against military training than a favor of It Must Sell Public Program Today, a man who keeps his fingers fin-gers on the pulse of congress assure as-sure me that there will never be a jniversal military training act until I great deal more '"selling" has een done by those who believe in It than has been attempted so far. This man, like the -writer, is a ;onvert to the cause, so his expres-' lion was the reverse of wishful thinking. Both of us, though mem-oers mem-oers of the American Legion, never ,'avored their program for universal tervlce urged upon congress, beginning be-ginning shortly after the last war. "There is too much organized opposition," op-position," my friend said, "such powerful influences as the federal souncQ of churches, some Influential members of the Catholic church, virtually all of labor so far (and this Includes the CIO and the AFL which often nullify each other's ef forts) the colleges and the unorgan ized group which might be called timply the mothers.' " Where do the' returned veterans ttand? It is too early to say. If they follow in their fathers' footsteps they will eventually vote tor prepared ness. It Is the tendency of men who have seen service to place a high value on thorough preliminary training. But they will not become vocal until they Join the ranks of the World War I veteran organizations or build others of their own. There Is. however, another force Which may change the picture a change in the international set-up which will Inject the element of BARBS Television will be a great help to the police. One way will be exposing ex-posing the rackets of confidence men. War must make people generous. The "march of dimes" contributions contribu-tions to fight infantile paralysis increased in-creased 33 per cent last winter but the War Community fund had a tough battle after the fighting stopped. Postwar Congress fear Into the people's attitude and since fear starts the adrenalin flow ing that usually means action. Meanwhile, there are those who feel that complete preparedness not only is essential in the interim, even though a future world security organization or-ganization is moving swiftly to fruition, but that it will also act as a stimulus toward such a goat The argument runs briefly: We must prepare to enforce peace, or prepare to fight a war. Many mem bers of congress realize this and would undoubtedly support the President's program If they felt they could do so without flying In the face2 of the majority opinion of their constituents. I do not intend to use this column as a platform upon which to debate the issue now but I would like to present a viewpoint expressed by a medical man which made considerable impression on the comparatively few Washington- ians who heard him address a recent re-cent meeting In the capitoL The speaker was Dr. G. B. Chisholmy one of the world's foremost psychiatrists, psy-chiatrists, who served as chief medi cal officer of the Canadian army and is now deputy health minister of Canada. 'Maturity Needed For Peace His thesis Is that "this Is a sic world, with an old, chronic but evermore ever-more extensive and serious sickness. sick-ness. Its sickness has recently bo-come bo-come acutely dangerous and the future fu-ture is uncertain indeed." It Is a sickness which has made us "the kind of people" who fight major wars every 19 or 20 years. The cure is education. Just as individuals in-dividuals become4 .ne.urotic because they are not mature, and, thus are unable to cope with the situations they must meet so the world hat developed a behaviour pattern which produces something which nobody no-body wants: war. We must have enough people who can show tolerance, be patient, fend above, all have the- ability to eonv promise. These are qualities of maturity, ma-turity, Dr. Chisholm points out, and people, mature in this sense, would not want to start wars and would prevent other people from starting them. j But the doctor realizes that education edu-cation will not produce such maturity matur-ity in one generation. But such a state must be realized or we face one of two alternatives. Either we must become a race of trained killers, or a race of slaves. Until we can achieve education sufficient to avoid such horrible fates, "for so long as it may take to change the bringing up of children chil-dren enough In this world, our close watch on each and everyone In the world should not be relaxed for a moment" The first step In eradicating eradicat-ing war is an attainable stopgap. Dr. Chisholm believes. Security must be achieved and the valid fear of aggression eliminated. This means legislation backed by immediately imme-diately available combined force prepared to suppress ruthlessly any appeal to force by any peoples of the world. The administration of such a force is a delicate problem but it can be devised if and when the great power really wants it The second step would be to provide pro-vide the opportunity for an peoples to live on economic levels which do not vary too widely, either geographically geo-graphically or by groups within a population. This means a redistribution redistribu-tion of material. This is possible since there are enough resources in the world to go around. It is impossible in this space to do Justice to Dr. Chisholm's views but the main points are these: he feels that man has developed one consistent consist-ent pattern of behaviour which causes him to Indulge In a major war at frequent intervals; that going go-ing to war represents immaturity; that immaturity can only be cured by education beginning at childhood with an accent on the "sciences of living"; that until we achieve maturity ma-turity we must unite ruthlessly to suppress the effort on the part of any nation or anyone in any nation to start a war. Psychiatrists may not solve the problem of world peace but it is safe to say that immature laymen won't either. Meanwhile, what congress must decide is how dry the country wa ts to keep our powder. by Baukhage It takes an orchid seven years to produce its first bloom and once around the dance floor ean finish It . The only American foreign service" serv-ice" man (state department) ever arrested on charges of espionage was completely vindicated and promoted pro-moted to a responsible position. His arttest was Just a plain mistake,,Jut he had to be tried. Ctatsifiedgrg MISCELLANRnrt Offlee Furniture. Files. Tviir lug Machines. Sate 3, Cash?ILn SALT LAKE DESK EXrui personal! MAIL ORDER PHOToTtv? Developing, printing. enlar Writ for price list and ?.8 ' PHOTO SFRvVpa f SSS Mattel gfc - sS'SSA, WANTED TO BCj BMp all of your raw furTvi hides and wool to NortK BIDE AND PUR COMPANV Sr. West. Salt LakVl WyL 5 always receive hiehest aSi' Buy Victory Boni : 1 If too eaten eeljeuOT-4, too feck H the titm vrtanuns and enerry-bi I 1 1 t 1a mm. kjuJ , be unaxed how Scott's Em can help boild energy, a nd nrittanet. Try itl S. many doctors Tecomnttc fnod-fcafttin. titfrli . tonic Ba tit your dn mm Attention Hontersl h DEER HIDES WANTE ! ' Highest Prices Pali for "l HIDES, SHEEP PELTS. FUR! AND WOOL Call or See Nearest Brand: UTAH BY-PRODUCTS (Of MIT 1AKI CITY UTAtt VT'VEGHMIi lAXAiivi; ' paxo in tuiif r Millions of people suffering ho simple Piles, have found prompt relief with PAZO ointment. Htrci whyi First, PAZO ointment eootha Inflamed areas relieves pain tiu Itching. Second. PAZO olntmol lubricates hardened, dried pam-belps pam-belps -prevent cracking end ior ess. Third, PAZO ointment !" to reduce swelling, and check mlM bleeding. Fourth, It's easy J PAZO ointment's perforate P"' rips manes application iw" thorough. Your doctor can if" you about PAZO ointment. iUMOSIf ORIIS tooi 80ms persons, and many dottwt, I prefer to use suppositories, to rA-u . comes In handy suppositories sj-1 Ths same soothing relic' to1' .1 A Vfl -I t. - T t way i.cw. USE 666 COLD PREPARATIONS LIQUID, TABLETS, SALVE, N0StMflS 1)51 ONLY AJ OIRtCttOI WNU W cv. v- t FmI Well M sours every amy, imr ek. aever stoppinc. rut suttar from ths fctdasvs ensT eonstantly las Suld. saesss sods sod otMr natter that cannot stsy ?. ""Zi without injury to hea th, there he better understanding whole system is spset when kioaJ r 10 fuaetioa properly. ,.( Burning, scanty or -J-Tgnsiil sa sometimes warns that la wrong. Yos suy jfuffci J"S3 ache, headaches, dinins. 'heuw- psins, getting ap at 'S,!Tvm ea to using 0 edieina rof ountrv ever. Peon's et.mulsw MHMs-j tioa of ths kidneys and help ""u, flush out poisonous m"r' iirtii Wood. They epntainj e uoan e coaay. v At au drag sk M t av w 'swav . .v raf itores. ,s |