Show GOOD INCOME FROM FARM WOODLAND IS ASSURED TO FARMER BY PROPER CARE W 4 W X A farm crop too many farmers overtook overlook with the present excellent prices for its products the farm woodland can be made a valuable asset Pre prepared by tha the united states depart ment of agriculture lasource A source of regular income lying at the door of many a farmer but too often neglected is the farm woodland with anith increasing scarcity of lumber and with excellent prices now being offered for forest products proper care of if the wooded area on the farm will amply repay the farmer to secure a fair price for this bo r the owner should know how much material he has and for what purposes it Is best adapted the first thing for him to do according to the forest service of the united states deportment of apiculture agriculture Is to find out how much timber of each kind theAro the woodland odland contains what products it will ilela and what Is its general condition and quality it if the wooded area Is small it will be best to measure each tree separately the diameter should be measured at about 4 feet above ground with calipers made tor for the purpose heights should be carefully estimated pr measured with some soft sort of height instrument to the first large limbs knowing the diameter and height the amount of 0 timber in board feet lu tu each tree can be found by the use of volume tables such tables are included in farmers bulletin measuring and Alar marketing woodlot wood lot products which will be sent free on application to the department of agriculture the quantity of cordwood a tract will yield can hardly be estimated by an inexperienced person sales of such material mateT ial will usually have to be made on the basis of actual cut measuring on a large tract it if the woodland Is large it will mill of course seldom be possible to measure each tree separately in such cases every tree maya be measured on paral lei lel strips 66 feet wide running through the tract every feet in length of such strips comprises an a acre cre averaging all the acres comprised in the strips and multiplying by the total acreage of the tract gives the total stand the strips should include at least 10 per cent of the woodland proper allowance allo yance must also be made for defective timber umber dead trees except those killed by fire or other outside agencies are apt to be bi very de feith e and should be culled when the tract Is exceptionally large it may pay to employ a professional cruiser to estimate the timber if the owner depends altogether tipon upon local industries to buy his product he is likely to find his market extremely limited some products such as and fuel wood have to be sold locally it would not pay to transport them tar far but other products among them tan bark can be shipped miles and still others like walnut timber for gunstocks gun stocks can be shipped almost any distance railroads large purchasers railroads are the largest purchasers of any station agent will furnish information concerning peel ficat fixations ions and prices electric railways in cities and towns also use ties but unless the distance to town la Is short it will not pay to ship them electric interurban lines offer the same opportunity port unity for disposing of ties as do the steam roads telegraph end telephone companies are always on the market for poles electric power and clec electric railway companies also use ole the market for piling Is not very lve but railroads large construe ion firms and docking companies pur base hase considerable quantities piling ambers A which must be straight and ng nig bring good prices mines are rge users of timber sawmills veneer mills and fruit and getable package factories offer a arket for the particular kinds and of the woods they handle hese liese industries buy their material al in og form and all the farmer needs to do is cut and deliver his timber in the rough to the mill veneer logs must be of good quality and usually 16 10 inches and over in diameter selected sock stock brings a high price the forest service has prepared bulletins on the wood using industries of a number of states which aich tell the uses to which various woods are put and the quantity used annually for each purpose the forest service has hag prepared bulletins on the wood using industries of ft a number of states which tell the uses to which various woods are put and the quantity used annually for each purpose A list of these bulletins and information as to how to pro V efcy MW cure them may be bad upon applin tion to the forest service washing ton D C Q ways of selling products the way in which farm forest prod acts are sold may have a good deal to do with the profit an owner omner gets from his tract there are four ways of 0 selling 1 by scale measurement of rough products 2 by the piece for such products as ties and poles 3 by the boundary for a lump sum and 4 by lumber scale of sawed products selling by the io lo cr or piece Is the simplest method tle poles piling etc are al always Nays sold by ohp piece the important things to know are the different grades of each product and their relative value fire wood pul pulp P wood mood and excelsior wood are sold either by the cord or rick this too Is a comparatively simple method of marketing to be sure of selling profitably by boundary for a lump sum the owner onner must make male a very careful estimate of the amount and value of his timber when to cut timber in the majority of cases the best time to cut timber Is in the winter minter months winter cut timber seasons slowly and evenly and by the time the warm weather comes Is air dried products which must be peeled hon however such as ties poles and tan bark should be cut in spring when the bark peels most easily veneer logs can be cut in any season of the year provided they are delivered without long delay after being cut and the ends are painted to avoid rapid drying and checking of the wood mood pulp wood and tannin extract wood may be cut and chipped shipped at any season of the year |