Show 7 7 WELLS FOR irrigation three absolute essentials given for water source deeper the water Is in well the greater will be the pressure casing should be construct ed from top to bottom in giving three absolute essentials f tor 0 r an any y good artesian e s la n or irrigation n goodla dit w well e il H M madison s 0 n I 1 in n the texas a s stockman and farmer says we say absolute essentials tor for we cannot conceive of 0 there being a good well without having these three char acte stated briefly they are as follows first the well must be complete ly cased eased from top to bottom second the casing must be so set that not only Is there no leaks leaks but there cannot arise any around the outside of the pipe third with the fewest exceptions strainers should be put in well there are good reasons for each of which are herewith given A col dmn of water one inch re weighs a little over one halt half pound to the toot foot water standing two hundred feet in a well would nearly pounds to the square inch in other words the pressure of water standing feet deep in a well would be near ly pounds to the square inch this Is a pressure fully as great as Is carried in any stationary boiler it Is easy to see that the deeper the water in a well the greater will be the pressure where water stands 1000 feet in a well the pressure Is s about pounds to the square inch a pressure so great that no boiler ever built would sustain it and if applied to the strongest steel boiler now built would blow it into atoms and scatter them for over a mile carrying death and destruction in the path now stop and think fora for tor A moment the pressure at the bottom of a 1 1000 foot well Is nearly pounds suppose there was a hole or vent in the bide side of the well w m t that wa ter be forced out through it but here in southwest texas it Is scarce ly possible to drill a well without going through sand gravel and loose soil if there la is no casing put in the well ell Is not the enormous pres sure of water going to drive much of it out through this sand gravel and loose soil government and other reports show that an average of one halt half of the water of an un cased eased well Is lost by being driven out through the sand gravel loose rock and soil in the strata through which the well Is drilled in many wells there Is even a greater loss than this let us put it a little differently As uncased well that will irrigate acres would it if cased eased irrigate acres or put it still differently one cased well will do the same ice that two uncased wells will do it does not cost as much to case a well as it does to drill one so there Is no such thing as saying it will save money to leave a well nn un cased it would seem that an abao cutely sufficient reason has been given for saying that the complete casing of a well from top to bottom Is essential it would also seem that on account of this enormous water pressure in bide the casing that it is plain it if there was any leak around the out tide side of the casing the water would be forced through this leak and then into the sand gravel loose rock and boll soil around the outside of the casing there would not be so much forced through to be sure if there was no casing but there would be a loss sometimes this loss is as great as to cause the public to think there is a tailing water supply there is a way to prevent this leak ige around the outside of the casing it Is usually called setting the cas ing in lead we are not going into an explanation of this just here but suffice it to say no contract ought e ever ver to be I 1 let e t 0 or r signed for drilling E L well we ito th that bal d did 1 d n not ot fully and clearly clear J I 1 specify the casing was to be set in lead in such a way there was and could not be any leakage around the pipe there are some special cases where flaxseed are used to stop leak ages and there are others where the pipe can be set in cap rock so well there will be no leakage but set it must be so there Is no leakage this Is the second essential of a good ir well |