Show J FA mag lanz tomorrows tomorrow 0 s worta by P WILLIAMS all mallm mall M allro wn alis tl is HAS WILED FAILED IN INDIA milli india british rule in ili ir din dia ia lt su tho the evill results of j M its ow own ll 11 virtue s li it ba baa s taught I 1 adi ans to stand alone and some or of them educated usually u 8 U a I 1 wish to t 0 try tile tho experiment without assistance ass istrin cc indian unrest and its its attendant trag edles edlea arc virtu virtues os own reward the citizen of the united states ccok ing at tho the working out of the colonial problem by old hands at tile the business sees constantly in tho the background the philippine islands with amateurs molding the scheme ot of things but tho philippine problem Is another story to quote kipling ippi I 1 ng I 1 the masterful poet journalist who camo came out of india trailing jingoism lots lets stick to the indian text beginning as aa a purely commercial enterprise with no other object than to make money for british traders tru dorn often more aggressive than scrupulous the government of india by tho the british has as its chief concern tho the making of men a big job anywhere but it Is particularly largo when the territory is a continent as Is india and not a single country and the inhabitants are one on e fifth of the entire human race the problem Is not lessened by the ignorance poverty and superstition of the alien and diverse peoples who constitute tho the inhabitants tile the good fruits of british rulo rule are many but they cannot bo be seen from the car window nor their importance gauged by the tourist flitting from hotel to curio shop not governed by bayonets british rule in india Is not military rule bayonets bayoneta may establish but they cannot maintain government british rule in india Is government by the civil power less than white soldiers aro are stationed in this empire of more than people the united states have a larger standing army for lose less than one third that number of inhabitants three thice times the soldiery for the american republic as compared with the indian empire true military rule was un five 1100 exceed a quarter of a av oti thero tharp ore are mord than lii india direct directly Ir do nt geraly indirectly undid alie farmer J tit th it ryot at t the lie alow loh Js ia tim ala dornin dominant at figaro in ili nay any M or of jedlan lidian life which lias true wt ive tim tl 19 land problem Is at a t koart cart AC things the dinall festl of ruto I 1 labow ha it hus has helped the oa th wad taxation adjuster adjusted judged ity thin test alfo measure ut ca success la is not small the tha land taxa has hab been changed into an tion of fairness ani and left or al alto 0 ge gertherin therin from ahil 14 by failure of the mon morn Boon soon the wind bringing rain indian provinces often suffer buffer when tho british came thame tho tax gatherer waa king all bout h india was waa tn HIA grip and in northern iduix the farm laborer though lio lie cinader a fortress f ills hla village and followed the plow sword in ili hand was waa it the e constant victim of spoliation the tha first drat attempts tempts at land revenue adjustment wh which ich tho the british mado made were disastrous fai failures lureo gradually however schemes of taxa tax dan havo have been evolved and problems problem 4 of land ownership have been settled that aro are placing rural india as far as these questions lona are concerned IS 13 tho tha same barno condition as tho the countries of europe whore such buch questions have hava been moro more equitably and longer set bet tied close akin to the problem ot of tho the taxation of land Is the question of rural credits tho the british Britis li found tho the indian peasant in tho the hands of tho the usurious moneylender money lender the grip of this creature who has all countries for ills his own has not been entirely shaken off it has been loosened however the establishment of cooperative credit societies has dono done much for the rural laborer the objection that indiana indians lack t the necessary y spirit of operation cooperation co jas ina been shown to bo be without foundation in seven years societies have been established with a membership of persons and with a working of of which tho the state contributed only the rest being furnished by tho the people themselves tho the famine evil minimized india has always been subject in part to famines which to Is the eastern word for partial or total crop failure these famines are caused by what an old writer quaintly called the intemperateness eness of the weather british rule has not been able to cure tills I 1 Z S lop V Z A d f WE X va T hindus bathing in th ganges duty duly exalted at al the time ot of the controversy between lord curzon tho the viceroy and lord kitchener the comman der ln in c chlof when tho the latter asked ot of england and was given a free hand in 1 n administration tho the freo hand when inquired into Is usually found to mean a completo complete abandonment of all checks and safeguards which long experience has devised when these are ara set aside at tho the be best or in behalf of tho the exceptional man trouble follows and so it was in india it Is sham imperialism not a real one that puts the army ano navy ahead ot of justice and liberty of civil rule dependent on agriculture india Is ia not governed by bayonets neither Is it an empire ofle of campa amps end and cities the city is of secondary importance in this land WP we hear bear moro more of calcutta and bombay and madras and the new old capital of delhi but the real indian Is a villager in all indio india there are only 27 17 cities with a population exceeding 1 and only in intemperateness tem pera ten ess al though although it has been frequently blamed for its existence but it has devised a plan which mitigates to a considerable extent the evils arising from it under this plan not only aro taxes remitted but financial aid Is extended in the famine districts nothing redounds resounds red moro more to tho the credit ot of tile tho government of india said sad lovatt fraser for years tile the editor of the greatest newspaper in tile tho east the times timea ot of india than the success cuc cess with which they have hare gradually evolved a system of 0 dealing with tho the by scarcity a system admirable in conception almost automatic in its operation and unfailing in its efficiency famine in india is now a u misnomer As well might ono one describe as famine in the united states the conditions caused by tho the drought in certain districts in 1913 perhaps the tha monumental work of 0 we the british in india in dealing with agi ag rl ri culture has haa been its development ot of irrigation irrigation enterprises built or fostered by trio bbate hayd have lessoned lessened famine areas decreased tho the death rate added to tile tho tillable tory and reduced human suffering to a largo degree go good d government F established it to la impossibly within the ho limits 0 of this article even to sketch all the achievements or tho the failures of brit lah rule in india ono can do lettla moro more than suggest how in tho the far fai last east ti a great nation destined to play a large part in tomorrows world aj a part of tile tho mighty british empire 0 alone la js being made probably tho tb greatest contribution to india by th tha british half boon been tho the establishment 11 oj 1 civil rule that means absolute justice between man and ninn there are ox ex et of course lamentable and but on the aholo the brit ish administrator has haa brought equality lie law inflexible though stern justice and a ild unswerving honesty to a law kheyo before ho fie camo cama might alono alone made right and tile biggest lirlie won every caco this result has been brought about in largo measure by men of tho the indian civil service working alone villages villager in ili ono one district with a territory the th size ol of franco and ft a population of 0 bid indiana inns ono alfito man hubert calvert Calv crt brother of dr sidney falvert of yf tho the university of missouri ly ful administrator jbf to Is but a single oin ox amik plim Tho British have done theat goad work wark in india not by force 0 of murra numbers bors norr DOT by rule of bayonet a any my moreth ino rathan atit by alto tho the kettre kettle d bruun ru ma schools ile or of majority in atio work in ca cd education creation the in indic akym have made many mistakes some of sheso mistakes mistaken have been rectified bya newer educational policy others wull be the tha dIfficult difficulties iks in education to in it a land where primary educations Is not no wanted bytho higher cation or of a superficial kind is IB often aften sought bought merely as aa a means to 0 heape hard bard work have lyro prevented vented progress pro gresa that would otherwise re halous antagonisms off am intensity which tho the western mind can scarcely comprehend havo compelled the government to mako make its efte education atlon exclusively secular even moral train training inc without which any system of tion la is lame la is hardly permitted when all this and else elee hav hat been written in criticism the large fact remains that british education to it transforming india primary education Is not everywhere freo free nor Is IB it compulsory the fees however are so small as aa to bo be no bar and scho olit aro are in reach of a majority ot of theon tiro tire population colleges teelin technical leal schools and universities ara doyag better work than under theold methods the now generation of educated indians will bo be moro more efficient more thoroughly prepared pre for serious laher labor and no lose less keen of intellect and clover clever of speech than the afie older generation era tion natives Represent edl in government indian representation in the legi dative councils and govern ments has haa been gradually increased it Is now sufficiently largo large to permit germit every section of the diverse and dl die population to hamoi a this indian voice does not as yot yet directly determine the policies of 0 gov orn ornament ment but it la Is freo free to discuss these policies to question orr them and to bring them to the bar of public opinion in consequence british rule has become more responsive to native sentiment the british government always an arbiter and promoter of pence peace between warring factions has by the now liberal policy of larger native re presen tation in ili official place become also in some measure an interpreter of the native opinion and an administrator of its desire this Is not solf self govern ment of course indeed it Is a long distance from it but it is a step in that direction because acca use of this forward step and from the ranks of the educated but unemployed natives has haa come much of the turbulence among tho the native population which seems at times to threaten british supremacy in india imbued with liberalism in tile universities and with no other serious work that appealed to them given representation I 1 in J all branches of government the natives or rather a few of the more moio advanced are leaders in a movement of india for the indians that british rule la Is seriously threatened thre atoned by br tl this its unrest widespread though it may be Is duurt ful that british rulo rule will change Is changing to meet the awakening spirit of democracy in the empire of india Is certain some surface evils the evils of british rule are on tho su surface exploitation aIrs absentee entee government ern orn ment the hill station where whee boffl retires from contact with the people a press law which suro adra Daner banerjee jee the uncrowned king of bengal says saya Is possible only because of the good character acter of cf the administrators too much whisby and soda and too little helpful personal intercourse with the natives a certain imperiousness which apparently looks down on all things non british it is chasing fly flyspecks specks to discuss these and other smaller evils the american looks with disapproval but he be kemem bers his own treatment of the negro in the south and the false given of that treatment 0 nt I 1 in rl U uncle ne I 1 a toms cab cabin in rind and other works offic ct c t fiction and he forbears criticism with allias all its defects and its evils evil sot 0 of greed and jingoism the work of the british in india to quote a sentence from lord curzon ablest of modern viceroys vice roys to la righteous and will endure the unrest annoying eyen even agonizing at times time Is but the growing pains which presage a freer greater kindlik andl in tomorrows world copyright wi by josephel joseph Tl 1 j |