Show iL ROOSEVELT ROOSEVEl t SPEAKS IN PARIS nesses Distinguished Audience at t Ancient University I HIS SUBJECT Students v and Professors of Duty F France as Nation and Them- Them Ives as Individuals to the World World- e eads ae L ds Them Lecture on Sterility I ris April 23 President Ex Ex President Roose Roose- i today da lectured before an audience iS 1 Sorbonne that comprised the est est gathering of the Intellect and andi i fig ng g of l France Dance ance that has gathered is ancient educational seat In Ina khan a century if ever before before the time Ume announced for of Colonel Roosevelt's e el ever every seat In the great audi audi- was filled and thousands lined alks elks and streets about the uni- uni I J Colonel Roosevelt said of Our Republic Iwas the most famous f fj mediaeval Europe at a time Ume Umeo no o 0 one dreamed that there was world world to discover Its services ause cause of at human knowledge alI al- al I stretched far back in to the at the time when m my fore fore- 1 three centuries ago were the he sparse bands of traders n wood choppers and fishero fisher fisher- ap O f in a hard struggle with the friendliness of the Indian Indian- l i land were laying the l i Df r f what has now become the I of ot the west To con con- f continent to tame the shaggy za ss of wild nature means eans grim grimand n ai- ai r and the generations engaged sh keep still less add to l Hires es S of garnered wisdom which il 51 rein and which are still in ind r d' ds of their brethren who dwell old ld land To conquer the tress ess means to wrest victory iE te same hostile forces with I struggled in the im- im I 1 infancy of our race The TheN N Nf l 1 1 conditions must be met by byl I l i qualities which are UI with the retention of much been pain painfully full acquired by bye bya a y as through the ages it has hast e upward toward civilization t a Ifa If so primitive there can canI I i primitive culture d Building the Higher Life jm tc country grows its people who whoa a success in so many lines I 9 l k It t to try to recover the POff pos pos- of of f the mind and the spirit tit their fathers threw order better to wage the first 6 for the continent their t inherit The leaders of Ind ind nd of action grope their way h f to jp a new life realizing some some- il l ily l sometimes sighted clear-sighted- th the ilfe life of material gain for or a nation or an Individual lie a only as a foundation only is added to It ft the uplift that I 1 m Jm devotion to loftier ideals life life thus sought can in part Iy YEN ped afresh from what Is IsCon Con Coif out ut in the new world but ben developed in full only by awing upon the treasure the old world upon the thein 1 stored in t the e ancient abodes and learning such as this peak eak today aP stake for tor any nation merely ajo other but it is an even aj It Is a proof of weak- weak po nation not to be anxious G om m another and willing and aPt that learning to the new lar w and make It fruit fruit- g lod therein It Is for foron foron on sew ew world to sit at the feet th tb Of the old then If we ral r G light ight stuff in us we can show dod 4 in n his turn can become a aas awell 01 well as a scholar bat shall speak to you on the I Individual citizenship the thet f Jit f t of vital importance to you Tb and to me and my coun- coun cause you and we are are citi- citi ast at at t democratic republics rep A republic such as each ofa of ofa a to realize In its full by of and for the resents the most gigantic D a an social experiments the with greatest possibilities d and for evil gl to 10 It Lessons of France Jas ja jay s taught many lessons to e s surely purely one of the most Ge the lesson her whole his- his y of ori tit l s that a high artistic and on ion lOD tl is compatible je e a leadership In arms and ter f a The brilliant gallantry ofin of 3 J y I in in soldier has nas for many cen cen- the thi c proverbial and during v. v centuries at ever every court li In astric s free ree masons of w v aS l. l fashion l to n in H the tho French FrencQ tongue as s n n speech while e enta every arte art art- garin of letters and every man manIS his IS s 61 1 Je le to appreciate that mar- mar ament of precision French Burned towards France for Battle l ration How long the leads lead lead- lS Tk ins s sand and letters let has lasted made by the fact that east c cK r masterpiece In modern her ber to Lle e. e splendid French epic I ve sa o of Rolands Roland's doom and the leans lean Charlemagne when the ilfe e Prankish ran sn host ost were z i ari ar Fa f 1 OS ns to Individual Character egal sra act v have keep let those t strive to attain a high I 1 f threes three eS cultivation and scholar scholar- us toeK before us remember that these t stand second to certain other things There Is need of ot a sound body and andev ev even n more need of a sound mind But above mind and above bod body stands character the sum of those qualities i wh which ch we mean when we speak of a aman's amans amans aman's mans man's force torce and courage of ot his good faith and sense of honor I 1 believe in exercise of ot the body always provided that we keep In mind that physical development is n a means and not an end I J believe of course in giving to all the people a good education But the education must contain much besides besides besides be be- sides learning book In order to be really good We must ever remember I that no keenness and subtleness of ot intellect no polish no cleverness in any auy way make the lack of ot great solid qualities self restraint self restraint self mas tery common sense the power of ot accepting accepting accepting ac ac- ac- ac Individual responsibility and nd yet of acting in conjunction with others Courage and resolution these are the qualities which mark a masterful masterful mas mas- people Without them no people people peo pee pie can control itself or save itself from being controlled from the out out- side I I I speak to a brilliant assemblage I speak in a great university which represents the flower of the highest Intellectual development I 1 pay all homage to intellect and to elaborate and specialized training of the Intellect intellect intellect intel Intel- lect and yet I know I 1 shall have the ass assent nt of ot all you present when I add that more important still sUll are the commonplace com com- every-day every qualities and vir vir- vir- vir tues The Evils of Sterility In the next place the good man should be both a strong and a braveman braveman brave braveman man that Is he should be able to fight he should be able ble to serve his country as a soldier If It the need arises There are well meaning philosophers philosophers philosophers phil phil- who declaim against the unrighteousness unrighteousness un un- un righteousness of war They are right only they la lay all ajl their emphasis upon the unrighteousness War is a dreadful dreadful dread dread- ful things and unjust war Is a crime against humanity But it Is such a crime because it Is unjust not because it is war The choice must ever be in favor of righteousness and this whether the alternative be peace or whether the alternative be war The question must not be merely is there thereto to be peace or war The question must be Is the right to prevail Are the great laws of ot righteousness once more to be fulfilled And the answer from a strong and virile people must be Yes whatever the cost Every honorable effort should always be made by the individual In private life to keep leep out of a brawl to keep out of trouble but no self respecting individual individual indi indi- vidual no self-respecting self nation can canor canor canor or ought to submit to wrong Finally even more Important than abl ability to work even more important than abUit ability to fight at need is It to remember that the chief of blessings for any nation Is that it shall leave its seed to Inherit the land It was the crown of blessings in Biblical times and It is the crown of bles blessings now The greatest of all curses Is the curse of sterility and the severest of all condemnations should be that visited upon willful sterility The first essential essential es es- es in any civilization Is that the theman theman theman man and the woman shall be father and mother of healthy children so that the race shall increase and not decrease If It this is not so if through no fault of society there is failure to increase it Is a great misfortune If It the failure is due to deliberate and willful fault then it is not merely a misfortune it is one of those crimes of ease and self indulgence of shrinking shrinking shrink shrink- ing from pain and effort and risk which In the long run nature punishes more heavily than any other Idle Achievements If we of the great republics If It we the free people who claim to have emancipated ourselves from the dom of wrong and error bring down on our heads the curse that comes upon the willfully barren then It willbe willbe will willbe be an idle waste of breath to prattle of our achievements to boast of ot all that we have done No refinement of life no delicacy of taste no material progress no sordid heaping up of riches no sensuous development of art artand artand artand and literature can In any way compensate compensate com com- for tor the loss of the great fundamental virtues and of the great fundamental virtues the greatest is the races race's power to perpetuate the race But If It a mans man's efficiency Is not guided guided guid guld ed and regulated by a moral sense then the more efficient he Is the worse he is the more dangerous to the body politic Courage intellect all the masterful masterful masterful mas mas- qualities serve but to make a aman aman aman man more evil If U they are used merely for fort for that mans man's own advancement with brutal Indifference to the rights ts of others It t speaks ill III for the community com com- community If It the community worships these qualities and treats their possessors possessors pos pOSe as heroes regardless of whether er the ties are used rightly or wrongly It makes no difference as to the precise way in which this sinister sinister sinister sinis sinis- ter efficiency Is shown It makes no difference whether such a mans man's force torce and ability betray themselves In the career of money maker or politician soldier or orator Journalist or popular popular lar leader If the man works for evil then the more successful he is the themore themore themore more he should be despised and condemned condemned con con- by all upright and arid farseeing men To judge a man merely by success success success suc suc- cess Is an abhorrent wrong and If It the people at large habitually so judge men If they grow to condone wickedness wickedness wicked wicked- ness because the wicked man triumphs triumphs tri tri- they show their Inability to understand that In the last analysis free tree institutions rest upon the character char char- acter of citizenship and that by such admiration of evil they prove themselves themselves them them- selves unfit for liberty The Idea of True Liberty The good citizen will demand liberty liberty lib lib lib- erty for himself and a as a matter of pride he will see to It that others receive receive receive re re- re- re the liberty which be he th thus claims as' as hl own o Probably the best test ot of ottrue ottrue I true love of liberty In any country Is IsI the way in which minorities are I treated in that country Not only should there be complete liberty In I matters of religion and opinion but complete liberty for each man to lead his life Ute as h he desires provided only that in so doii doh 3 he does not wrong his neighbor Persecution Is bad because because be be- cause it is persecution and without reference to which side happens at the moment to be the persecutor and andI which the persecuted Class ha hatred tred is I bad In just the same way and without any regard to the Individual who at ata a given time substitutes loyalty to a class for loyalty to the nation or sub substitutes substitutes of ot men because they happen to come in a certain social category for Judgment awarded them according to their conduct Remember her ber always that the same measure of condemnation should be extended to the arrogance which would look down upon or crush any man because he Is poor and to the envy and hatred which would destroy a man because he Is wealthy The overbearing brutality brutality bru bru- of the man of ot wealth or power and the envious and hateful malice directed directed di dl against wealth or power are really at root roc mere merely different manifestations mani i of the same quality merely the two sides of the same samo shield I IThe The man who if born to wealth and power exploits and ruins hl his hii less fortunate brethren Is at heart the same as the greedy and violent dema demagogue gogue who excites those who have not property to plunder who have ha Of one man In especial beyond beyond beyond be be- yond an anyone one else the citizens of ot a are re republic republic public should beware and that is of the man who appeals to them to support support sup sup- port him on on the ground that he is hostile to other citizens of at the republic lic lie that he will secure for those who elect him In one shape or another profit at the expense of other citizens of the republic It makes males no difference difference difference differ differ- ence whether he appeals to class hatred or class interest to religious or religious anti prejudice the man IIan who makes maltes such an appeal should always always al ways be presumed to make malee it for the sake of furthering his own interest The very thing that an intelligent and s self respecting member of ot a democratic community should not do doIs dois dois is to reward any public man because that public man says he will get the private citizen something to which this private citizen is not entitled 01 or orwill will gratify some emotion or animosity animosity ani ani- which this private citizen ought not to possess A Ranch Story Let me illustrate this by one anecdote from my own experience nce A number of years ago I was engaged in in ranching cattle-ranching on the great plains of f the western United States There ire are re no fences The cattle wandered free the ownership of each being determined determined de de- de by the brand the calves were branded with the brand of the cows they followed If on the roundup round round- up an animal was passed by the following following fol fol- fol lowing year It would appear as an unbranded unbranded unbranded un- un branded yearling and was then called a maverick By the custom of the country these mavericks were branded brand brand- ed with the brand of the man on whose range they were found One day I 1 was riding the range with a newly hired cowboy and we came upon a maverick I said to him It is sos so-and-so's brand naming the man on whose range we happened to be He answered all right boss I know my business 1 In another moment I 1 said to him Hold on you are putting on my brand I ITo To this he answered all aU allright allright right I always put on the boss boss' brand I answered Oh very ery well Now you go straight back to the ranch and get what is s owing to you I dont don't need you u any longer He jumped up and said Why what's the matter I was putting on your brand And I 1 answered Yes my friend and If you will steal for m mg you will steal from me Now the same principle which applies ap applies plies In private life applies also In public life If It a public man tries to get your vote by saying that he will HI HIdo do something wrong in your interest you can be absolutely certain that U ii Uever Uever ever it becomes worth his while hd lid lidwill will do something wrong against your interest France and the United States And now my host a word In part ing lag You and I belong to the only two great republics among the great |