| Show i U Us I It s t Fight Spread of Paralysis Epidemic I By WILLIAM C C. C UTLEY cas cases t r of or poliomyelitis pollo polio f for tor short and popularly known as Infantile paralysis r Lave have been brought to light In Nor North Carolina In one of or the worst cj opt of or the dread disease In i recent reo re- re o cent history The fhe epidemic Is rapidly spread spread- spreadIng ing north Into Virginia Its further furth course will probably be checked checki with the advent ent of cooler weather for tor polio Is a n summer disease at and ti by the efforts of local state slate and nd fe fed fed- ted oral eral authorities they have turn turned t- t t. t iii z i 1 t the area Into a gigantic laboratory for the study of the use of oC vaccInes vaccine In Immunizing persons to the dis- dis ease case Medical authorities on the tin spot believe belle It will prove pro to be the thi most most Important experiment of Hi Its its kind ever er undertaken I North Carolinas Carolina's plight follows follow In the wake of lesser epidemics In ir California and elsewhere The very r seriousness of or the Increase In Infantile In In- paralysis cases may prove pro e er r to be a 11 blessing blessin In disguise II If enough can enn be be learned about the th the Insidious virus which twists and cripples bodies to pr protect humanity against it In the future The first widespread attack of ol polio was noticed In Jackson county county coun coun- I ty in the far western estern part of North Carolina From there the disease Jumped In the words of Dr J J. J C. C Knox Knot state epidemiologist like a n sk skyrocket rocket and burst in Raleigh r. r i- i find and nd the rest of or Wake county all nIl the way across the state on the Atlantic seaboard It Is believed belle that the disease In North Carolina has been checked d and Is abating but In Virginia the number of cases reported Is on the upturn Its course having baving seemingly followed the highway over the entire entire entire en en- tire length of the state with no Indication In In- I j yet jet ct as to where its spread I i will stop Cause of Spread Unknown Just how the disease was carried carried car car- ried is not known Direct contact with a diseased person is not necessary necessary sary to contract it It almost ne never strikes two members of the same family people Carriers Carriers people why who have such mild mUd cases of oC polio that they do not even feel teel sick sick carry carry the virus to others whose natural Immunity Is low and who therefore contract the disease in considerably more violent form Corm That is much the same as the manner In which typhoid fever te and diphtheria are spread A single carrier unknown to himself may create create several sc seS severe se see se- se S tore vere cases When a few v carriers hit a region i where the natural Immunity of the people Is relatively low an epidemic ti Is 18 usually the result That Is probably probably probe ably what happened in North Carolina Caroline Caro Caro- line lina and Virginia t While the disease Is not near nearly 1 BO so much confined to young oung children children chil chil- dren as the term Infantile paralysis would suggest It Is still more prevalent prevalent preva lent In children of or five or less than thanIn In any other age group For that reason the one sure preventive Is Isa J a difficult one to administer It Is complete Isolation The only way waylo to lo be certain absolutely of keeping children from catching polio Is to keep them away awa from all playmates ind from all nIl crowds Unfortunately there Is no sure way to tell who Is Immune and who Is not And there Is s no means of ot effecting artificial artl Immunity which bas has been satisfactorily proven pro Vaccines Vac Vac- tines cines which may do the trick are being tested now In the southeast epidemic r Dr Maurice Brodle BrodIe working under under un un- der er Dr William H H. H Parks head of ot the New York city health department depart ment went has developed the Park Bro Me Ie vaccine Another ther has bas been developed de by Dr John A A. A Kolmer of or orthe the Temple university medical chool in Philadelphia With the William H H. H Merren Merrell company man man- chemists of ot Cincinnati Doctor Kolmer Is providing between and shots of ot the vaccine vac vac- tine cine free overy Peery month month enough enough to about children Test Tet Two Serums Neither of these vaccines must be believed to be a cure They are merely vroY pru preventives Both of or them Ulem contain the polio virus virus not not a n bac bac- bu bit a poison polson The Parks Parks- Brodle BrodIe vat vaccine lne ine contains the lolled virus Iros and Doctor i Kolmer's contains the weakened virus Both oth have ha been Known to produce in animals ani mals an Immunity which lasts about r. r two years How Jow long it will last In boings has bas not yet jet U eu bk-eu n de- de I r Left Exercising the muscles of an infantile paralysis victim In Inthe Inthe the underwater treatment Above A new shipment of Rhesus monkeys arrives from Asia to provide experimental serums Right Ready to give their lives for science for Cor it has not yet jet et had sufficient suf suf- test A necessary requisite for tor both vaccines Is the Rhesus monkey the tin little blushing monkey so called because of or the wa way his face gets get red when he be Is ex excited Hed which w we wesee wesee see In zoos Rhesus monkeys s 's are Imported from India where they are heh held to be sacred at a cost of or 10 eachIn each II In preparation for tor giving his life that humanity may he saved from the scour scourge e of or polio the monkey Is quarantined for tor two weeks t tc to tomake make sure that It is in good health At the end of oC that period It Is gl giver given en an nn ether anesthetic and the poliovirus polio polk virus Irus Is Is Injected through its skull Into the brain Infantile paralysis develops When the disease reaches Its climax climax cli ell max the monkey monley is l killed and Its spinal cord full t ll of the virus Is removed remo This cord Is hacked up into tiny bits and Immersed In a salt solution in a vessel essel which contains con con- a n number of steel balls a half halt Inch or so In diameter While the vessel Is shaken and agitated for 12 hours the balls crush the bits of spinal cord to a n pulp The fluid which Is thus contained Is attenuated attenuated with sodium allowed al allowed al al- lowed to Incubate for eight hours Then It Is strained and purified and anel put Into bottles which l hold old five cubic centimeters each enough to bring Immunity to three e children Children Replace Animals While Indications certainly point to the fact that at least artificial im hu immunity has been perfected the vaccines vaccines vac vac- cines are still admittedly in the ex ex- experimental stage Singe The last great experiment Is one of ot the most dramatic dramatic dra dra- matic medical tests that could be imagined For Instead of ot monkeys or white mice the laboratory subjects are arc boys and girls Some of them are arc selected to receive the vaccine and an nn equal number are sel selected as controls who ho will not receive the injections but who will be observed for Cor symptoms exactly the same as the vaccinated subjects All selections are made by bj lot To insure against the personal acquaintance acquaintance ac nc ac- ac element which might destroy destroy destroy de de- de- de stroy the Impartiality so vital Hal to such an undertaking the administration administration administration adminis adminis- of ot the tests has been taken out of the hands of or local ties Medical al mep from the United States public health service are operating operating op- op op to relieve local ph physicians from the Inhuman task Dr James JamesP P P. P Leake Lenke directs the work Dr A A. G G. G at at Greensboro N N. N C. C has hns has been charged with the thankless Job of deciding which children are to r receive the vaccine and which are arc to net act as controls It ItIs ItIs Itis Is he who must listen to the pitiful pleading of parents that their children chil- chil dren be given ghen the chance for Here Is something which may prevent their loved ones from contracting contracting contracting con con- one of the most dreadful of all diseases 1 en ren if IC it does not work It will do no harm But humanity must know for tor certain certain certain tain whether it will work And A nd if such knowledge is ever to be acquired acquired ac nc ac- ac the tests must be conducted impersonally The vaccine must be administered to children of all classes the classes the poor the rich the Intelligent intelligent In in- the unintelligent It must be given to many whether their parents parents parents par par- want them to have it or not And It must be withheld from oth oth- others others ers whose parents have like one of the most prominent sur surgeons eons In Inthe Inthe inthe the South fought tooth and toenail and pulled every string In desperate desper desper- ate attempt to secure immunization for tor them Selecting the Subjects There Is a drama for you I What heroes these federal men are arc to to be beable beable beable able to withstand the frantic pleading pleadIng pleading plead plead- ing of or loving mothers and straw straw- grasping fathers I Heres Here's the way wag Doctor Hoes floes it Parents who desire vaccine for their children register with Ith their family physician ph Half the children are selected for vaccine and the theother theother other half as ns controls by Doctor Gilliams Gilliam's office Then those to be vaccinated are ordered to report hack back to their physician and are fire gh given n the e vaccine The physician must must t give gl It It- as ordered must ac ne account count for tor his supply because the the federal men have the names of ot th the recipients on file and ami the recipients recipient themselves cs under observation Th The Idea of course is to observe e whether er fewer cases develop among the tin vaccinated group than among the control group Of course other tests are beIng made It Is s being found that InJections Injections Injections In In- of ot serums prepared from fron the blood of ot convalescent cases Ii Is not harmful but is also of ot very verj little help Dr W. W Lloyd Aycock of ot the Infantile paral paralysis sIs commis slon of ot Harvard Hanard university believes belle that heredity Is Is' Isan an nn important factor factor factor fac fac- tor and is making experiments to tc determine the truth of oC his assumption tion Symptoms unrecognized Infantile paralysis in a locality where there is no epidemic Is often often oft oft- en n unrecognized until actual paralysis paral sis sets in At first it looks like any anyone one of a number of other Infectious infectious in In- diseases There Is headache headache head hend- ache vomiting drowsiness Irritability irritability b lity fever Cever flushing con congestion of the throat and great sweating at nt nl night ht Usually early y symptoms s are stiffness of the back bade and neck Since the Inflammation reaches the nervous nervous nervous nerv nerv- ous s sj system stern stem th there re may be pain In Inthe inthe the muscles a and nd Joints tenderness of ot the skin and pain In moving any of the joints This latter pain maybe maybe may may- be so Intense that an any slight movement movement move more ment will be almost unbearable As soon as the doctor suspects polio he will probably want to toma tomake tomake ma make e certain laboratory tests to tomake tomake make sure for there are other diseases diseases diseases dis dis- eases such as meningitis which affect ct the spinal cord He will probably ably inject a 1 needle Into the spinal cord and draw off some of the I fluid to to examine It ItIn In the early or stages the disease may resemble a n severe se summer cold and is indeed upon Instance without more harmful harmful harm harm- ful permanent effect than a cold colt Early and correct diagnosis Is of great Importance The victim Is immediately put to tobed tobed tobed bed and given absolute rest Perhaps Per Ier haps hags the doctor will administer a convalescent blood serum scrum or a vaccine vaccine vac vac- cine the usefulness of or neither of which Is certain The patient patient- Is kept away awny from all contact with others And that is about abot t all that can cnn be done at nt that point Six or eight weeks may be the period during which h all movement or exertion on Is highly dangerous The apparent helplessness of ot the physician during this period sometimes sometImes sometimes some some- times drives frightened parents to accept the remedies of so called natural healers and other quacks which often destroy the patients patient's chances for survival Exercise Must Be Gradual Not until every trace of ot tenderness tenderness tender tender- ness is gone can enn even the simplest of ot muscle exercises begin Fatigue must be avoided d. d Relaxation and ease ense must be encouraged Swimming pools and underwater treatment are arc desirable in most cases This method method meth meth- od was discovered in a Chicago hospital The development e of the Warm Springs Ga pool under the patronage of ot its most distinguished visitor and patient President Franklin lIn D. D D Roosevelt and using his name for Its natural publicity T value has encouraged many cities to maintain pools for the underwater ter treatment of Infantile sis Slowly but certainly mankind Is Is' going to J learn arn how to beat poliomyelitis poliomyelitis polio polio- Just as It has bas other dis dis- eases One of the most Important steps will be the experiments e now v being conducted In North Carol Carolina nn and Virginia Meanwhile parents whose children children chil chil- dren have been afflicted need only to examine history to take e heart To fo mention only two there arc men who have bave attained great heights although victims of ot infantile Infantile tile paralysis Sir Walter Scott was struck down b by the disease when hardly more than a baby yet lived to become Immortal in lu the world of at letters Franklin D D. Roosevelt elt did dill not contract It until he heas was as a a fully Cully grown man yet he Is today President President dent of ot the United States and one of or the tile most tireless dynamos of ot energy In all nIl history The TIle moral Is Take heart heart and and dont don't give up J h Je O e Western Union Housewife's Idea Bo Box x 1 1 Caro of Broom Brooms With a little care a n broom will last lasta a long time Here is ono one precaution to take Make sure that your your broom broomis brooms is s dry after it has been used In w water ter If It you put It away awny with the handle down which is the tho best way and It is not dry the water will work its way down to the handle and reach rench the wire The will wIlI rust and the handle han le will fall out THE HOUSEWIFE O 0 Public Led Ledger er Inc U Service Weeks Week's Supply of Free Read Head tho the offer made by the tho l Company in another part of this pa pa- per They will vill send a full weeks week's supply sup SUI ply of health giving free freo to anyone who writes for It Adv QS lUJ inject PO Poison SQ Mosquitoes live on human blood Before she can draw your blood however the tha mosquito o must mOst first thin it iE by injecting a poison Thus mosquitoes annoy annoy aro nrc arc dangerous spread pread serio's s tU eo c epidemics Dont Don't take bl ct circes Kill flies Ip spiders spiers r with FLY TOX proved FLY proved best by tests tosh to m Accept no substitutes demand C |
