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Show dence ience Fience Gains RichtData Rich RichJ Richj 1 { J . j Data In in Gold Rush - - - - ; - ' yiedgc Iedge pv1edge of California Ge- Ge Geology Geology Ge Geology - _ ology Increased . 'pn pn 'pnCondItIons Qn-Conditions Qn Conditions ' on Conditions -CondItIons - - - which whleh cause causefac-liMo causefac liMo fac- fac facrJ facto - - rJ ( to stand Idle In many parts ofbrId ofOrid of oftirid tirid brId Orid , , and \ which \ hlch result In iu videI widel \ ' v\ide v ide wide \ ide ideI I l I unemployment , , are themselses1isible themselves themsehes themselses islble 1isible Ible for the open opening in ; In Iu Callof Call Callof of gold mines which h\e h e haze 1m , \ e beened beeni beened been beened ed for decades , , writes Dr . . Ralph RalphJaney Ralph1aney Ralphijinney Janey 1aney i : , . research associate assoclatc , , Carne- Carne Carnest1tubon Carne9sUtution Carne-4pstltution Carne 4pstltution - 9sUtution st1tubon , In the Boston TranI Tran 'h h I ' * . , ih h the opening of ot the mines mmes there thereEncofcred therencovered therejincovcred Encofcred ncovered not only the nuggets nuggetslust nuggetslust nuggetslust lust of precious scllow yellow ellow metal , but butI butof butl I 13 of rock roch containing fossil leaves leavest , , f , I , , and wood-Iecs wood Iecs wood-less less wood - le : s valuable In the theets theets theetx ets of the world , , but of incalcuh incalcula incalcuhgnificance incalculagntficance Incalculignlflcance gnificance gntficance ! [ to the students ot of the the's the's thes ' ' . . 's s 8 history en en gold was discovered In Cnll Call CnllL Callin CallI L In 1849 1349 , the foothills footb1l1s east of ot the theNevada theji 1 Nevada became the objective objecth objectise e of ofloneer of.toneer ofJoneer loneer .toneer toneer . band which made fortunes fortunesromance fortunes'romance fortunesromance romance ' 'Omance Omance ' , and laid the foundationshe foundationsbe foundations be development de\"elopment de "elopment elopment \ " of this western westernunIt westernunit westernunit unIt of tho the United States HIther HIthermen Hithermen Hithermen { { men from all a11 parts of AmerIca America'Fortunes AmericaFortunes . . 'Fortunes Fortunes SFortunes ' ' Made and Lost . . tunes 'tunes 'Lines Lines ' ' were made-and made and made - - and lost-dur lost dur lostdurhese lostdurhese lost - durbese hese early dais da s " when "hen hen by crude crudeig crudeig crudewe ig methods the 3 yellow ellow metal metl1 : was1y wasly was wasy 1y ly y washed fiom flom from the giavels glavels gravels bor borg borg borB g the Sierra Nevada Then fol fol1 folI I more pretentious mining knownEdraulkldng known hnown knowndraullcking Edraulkldng draullcking drnulkllng ; ; by the use of huge hugeIng , lng ing streams of water the sands sandsraels sandsrat sandsra : ; ; rat raels , els were "nshed nshed w " ashed asked a a\\ a aay anay \ s \ ay , , leavlDg leaving leavingd leavlDgd d fragments of gold When the thei theJ J I man mnn had taken tnl"en tnlen " all nl1 he could fromd1gglngs fromdiggings from fromdiggings diggings d1gglngs , , the Chinese , , who \ \ ho were werers wereTs werers rs Ts awaiting awalUng their thCIr chance , tookpi tookr took pi r o\cr o cr oscr o \ cr the task tach ; of ; squeezing cquee.llng cqueellng . from the theerth theearth thec-irth thec irth erth earth , - the ' list l'1st l1st of the golden grist . . As recent1 recently ' as 's s l 1903 OS , , there "as as ss " as recov recov- recovcred recovered recovered - - ered cred $70,000 70000 $750,000000 750000000 $ : ; , 000 In gold by Chinese Chineseminers Chineseminers Chineseminers miners almost at nt the center of the thediggings thediggings thediggings diggings at You BcL Bct Bel . The place Is stut still stutcalled stillcalled stUIcalled called ' lal 'Ial Ial gal Hat rlat I'lar Ilar ' in honor of tlie the Chin Chinese Chinese Chincse ese foreman under underhose ss \ \\hose hose \ \ hose direction It Itwas itwas Itwas was mined D1lDcd , , after the white miners had haddecIded haddecided haddecided decIded thit tht tliat , all of the gold hid hd had , been beenremo beenremoved beenremoved beenremovedDuring remo removed , c ( ] removedDuring During Durmg these thece : ; later years , , the low lowprice lowprice lowprice price of gold has made It unprofitable unprofitableto to cany early carlyon on extensile c\tensl\e c tensl e ectensise ' \ : \ mining mmIng opera operaHons operations operatlons Hons tions Tom Brady Brid Br'1d Br1d ' ; Ins hs has , continued to torem:1ln toremain toremain rem:1ln rem1ln remain : ' is as 5 custodian custolan ( ] of the properties propertiesof of the You ou Bet net Mining Ilning company , but butthe butthe butthe the question quesbon must have ha\"e ha "e e \ " arisen many manytimes manytimes manytimes times before him 111m and before the DJ'1ny DJ1ny ninny DJ'1nyother ninnyother minyother ' other men left behind In these hills hillsafter hillsafter hillsafter after the flood of the gold boom had hadebbed hadebbed hadebbed ebbed as to whether there would ever everagain everagain everagain again arise the rented tented cities clUes of the themmers theminers theminers mmers miners , and " whether "hether hether gl gleit great e'1t e1t ' streams of ofwater of\\ater of ater water \ \ ater " would "ould ould cut once more Into the thegr'1vel thegrivel thegrivel gr'1vel gr1vel grivel ' cliffs cUffs , seeking seeklDg the yellow frag frog fragments frogments fragments ments " which "blch blch man has always valuedThen valuedThen valued valuedThen Then came a change In the gold goldvalues goldvalues goldvalues values as a n direct result of unsettled unsettledmoney unsettledmoney unsettledmoney money conditions throughout the theworld theworld theworld world From $22 22 $2207 2207 $ 67 07 nn an ounce , , the theprIce theprice theprice prIce of gold shot up to $37 37 $ nlmost almost almostoer almosto 0er o\er o er 0\ 0 \ er night Again it became profitable profitableto to work worh the California Cahforn1"l Cahforn1l " placer mines minesand minesand minesand and today they are filled fi11ed with wItb men menwith , with streams of water wnter , with excite excitement excitemeat excitement ment meat Another gold rush Is underway under W:1Y W1Y way.Fossils wayFossils : . Fossils DscoveredDUlIng DiscoveredDuring Discovered Dscovered DiscoveredDuiing , Duiing DUlIng During the early das days da ; s of mining at atlou atlou 10u lou Bet , , and at many other diggIngs diggingsIn In California CaIJforDla , , large Inrge pieces of petrIfied petrIfiedI petrIfiedwood petrifiedwood petrifiedwood I wood \ were ere uncovered In the gravelsAnnoyance gravelsAnnoyance gravels gravelsAnnoyance Annoyance the miners may have felt feltat feltat feltat at ha\ ha has having halng \ lng ing to move this petrified petflfied wood woodsome , some pieces of which weigh many tons tonswas , was more than balanced by the fact factthat factthat factthat that aiound mound atound these fossil trees the thegravel thegravel . gra\"el gra "el el gravel \ " was ceptlonilly cepUon'1)y cepUon1y ebceptionally e ' ) rich In goldIn goldIn gold goldIn In the early diys d'lYs dlYs days ' of mining nctlvIty activity activityfossil , fossil plants \ ' were ere collected near You YouBet YouBet YouBet Bet , , from tlie the high ridge of gra gravels gra"els \"els "els els \ " and andI andclays andclays andclays clays kno\\ kno known knon \ n as Chilk Ch'll Chll Chalk ' ! " Bluffs BlutTs , , these thesehave thesehave I : have been studied by paleobotnlsts paleobotanlsts paleobotinlstsand , , , : and Impoitint important Impol t'1nt t1nt ' conclusions ha\e ha e hae haze ha\ ha \ e been beenreached been'reached beenreached ' ' reached With the closing of the theI themines themines themines I mines , discoveries of fossils becnme became becnmeless becameless becameless less frequent , and for many years yearsthere yearsthere yearsthere there has been no addition to our ourknowledge ourknowledge ourknowledge knowledge of ot the ancient forests ot of otthis ofthis ofthis this part of California With the re rehal resisal re\l\al re l al sisal \ , hal \ of mining mlnmg activity , , new fossll- fossll fossil- fossil fossllbearIng fossilbearing fossil-bearing fossil bearing - bearIng la lasers layers ers ha\ ha ha ha\e ha e hae tie \ e been discovered by bythe bythe bythe the miners , , an and ( ] bv bY ' Harry D l\IncGinl l IncGinl MacGlni lIncGinltie MacGlnitie \ MacGlnltie tie , , who Is studying the history hlstorv of ofplant ofplant ofplant plant life llfe at the University of Call Callfornla Callfornia Callfornia fornla fornia fornlaMr forniaMr [ Mr \ MacGlnltle l\IncGlnltle l IncGlnltle MacCinltle reports the findingof finding [ of more than 40 kinds of lea leaves lea"es \"es "es es \ " , In IneludIng Ineluding Ineluding eludIng figs , mignollas mgnolllls magnolias , , palm palms ' ? , syca sycamores s ca camores camores mores and avocados avoc'ldos avocldos ' Of these none nonehave nonehave nonehave have lived down to the preset presft presort * In the theregIon theregion theregion regIon of You Bet , , although palms and andsycamores andsycamores andsycamores sycamores occur In warmer parts of ofCalifornia ofCalifornia ofCalifornia California , , and some of the others grow growunder growunder growunder under cultivation These hills h111s lulls are arenow arenow arenow now occupied by pines and oaks , con conshtutlng constituting constituting shtutlng stituting a forest similar to ro that thnt found foundIn foundin foundIn In many of the temperate areas of the thenorthern thenorthern thenorthern northern hemisphere . |