Show WS PR A ICAL INFORMATION e dON a.- a. 1 iA ABOUT OUT A A d SPECIALISTS DESCRIBE CONSTRUCTION CONSTRICTION OF OE THE TAE IMPULSE STARTER AND THE FORD M MAGNETO ETO i ii i r r r 1 s i Ri I 1 Li I I Ii y the sm eat Cat Co l r c Pi 1 5 55 ComPlets ignition litem aI on Ford car J ii C oJ of Ford magneto y I I f z tAt o d sP era oJ 0 o G RAT I o t o o I Fiji Fia 14 4 Ford Font installed on n engine Fig 6 Q of 01 Ford ignition litem aI I al Permission From Motor Age pule U starter as made by th the the- Electrical company is shown 1 It consists of a notched A fastened to the end of the thee thea a e shaft haft and a driving member V 1 has two small extensions o on surface surface directly opposite each Th Ti s two two members are con con- 5 by springs rings as in figure J also alM shows method of replacing ing ings A email pin extends extends e surface of the member B BI open opening I n g g between between the e ends ii ds of ot I The short spring bumper bumper spring and tends i ib b the shock shock of the longer I Ihen hen the the le armature of ot the tle magn mag- mag I driven en n forward suddenly A A in such a posit t t will engage notches in r surface S of the driven memi mem- mem i member tends to ro- ro vided the end of the pawl is isa a Jl that t the action of the spring press it down on the outer lt lathe the member A. A Assuming lV ItIs engaged in one of the jJ member A and that the member B rotates one of the extensions extensions ex- ex ex 1 tensions will move under the end of i ithe the pawl and raise It out of ot the notch I in the member A and allow the mem-I mem ber A to rotate momentarily at high speed until it automatically a restores the pawl to the operating position when the speed drops below a certain I Ithe value FORD MAGNETO The shape of the end of the pawl and the slots in the surface of the member A is ds such that the pawl is thrown out with such force when t the e speed has reached a certain value that it becomes becomes entirely inoperative rs Is cs shown in ut the the figure figure figure It It is then then nE c necessary essary to press the pawl down by hand This restoring operation however r is not necessary in all models as al some I are provided with a centrifugal attachment at attachment at- at which is again caught by bythe bythe the pawl and the operation repeated I The construction of the Ford magneto magneto magneto mag mag- neto is radically different from other types although the fundamental principle principle prin prin- ciple upon which it operates is in prin I it itself itself itself it- it self not new Instead of using two or three horseshoe magnets as in the ordinary magneto the Ford has sixteen sixteen sixteen six six- teen permanent magnets arranged In Ina Ina ina a radial manner with their poles I pointing outward and all are bolted ot of otone otone one surface of the flywheel as shown in figure 3 3 Mounted directly in front ot oL these magnets and separated I by a very small air gap are are sixteen coils colls of copper ribbon These sixteen coils are mounted on a metal spider I which is rigidly is-rigidly attached to the crankcase crank crank- i case t the engine as shown in figure 4 The spider and the coils remain i I stationary and the magnets are moved past the coils as flywheel of the I engine is rotated which results in In an electrical pressure being induced in inthe inthe the coil coll windings These coils all are conne connected ted in series serlE-s and in such a manner manner manner man man- I ner that the pressure induced in in them themis is additive so tar far as an th the external et cir cir- r- r cult is concerned One terminal germinal Qt the he circuit is Is ground grounded d and the other terminal connected in a metal ring A Abrush Abrush Abrush brush is mounted in the upper part of the flywheel case cage and Insulated from I it which mal makes es continuous contact with the above mentioned ring rh The mounting of this brush is provided with a binding post o outside of ot the flywheel flywheel flywheel fly fly- wheel case which forms one terminal of ot the magneto winding The magneto with part of its housing housing housing hous hous- ing removed Is shown in 5 The unit four coil coll Is la shown in the upper part of the he figure An inspection of the I figure will show the following connections con con- A A wire leading from the col collector collector col- col cOI 1 lector brush on the magneto to one of the lower binding posts on the hack back of I j the coil four foup tour primary wires leading from four binding posts on the backof the coO coil Jo to four binding posts post on thelow th the low tension timer and four tour high ten ten-i lion sion cables leading from four tour binding posts on the b back c of ot the coil to the four tour spark j plugs The timer is mounted mount mount- ed on the forward end of the engine and driven n from the camshaft gears WIRING WIRING DIAGRAM The wiring diagram of the Ford Ignition ig ignition ignition Ig- Ig system is shown In figure 6 The switch located in the lead running from the magneto to the coil coll may be beso beso beso so arranged d t. t Q p arY or ors t Orage battery may used may u used ed In place of the magneto In supplying current for Ignition ig ignition ignition Ig- Ig purposes The timer is shown directly above the generator and the firing order of the different cylinders may be determined by tracing out the thelow thelow thelow low tension wires to th the different pd- pd primary primary mary windings and the corresponding high tension wires to the the different coils colls The Th current such a magneto supplies supplies sup sup- UP- UP plies I is of course an alternating current current current cur cur- rent and it completes sixteen complete cycles for each revolution of the flywheel flywheel flywheel fly fly- wheel of th the engino engin It may happen that the timer contacts are closed cloSE when the electrical pressure in the magneto winding is zero zero- or ver very low in value and if Il such is the the case ca else e sufficient cur cur- I I rent will not be produced in the primary primary mary winding of the induction coil coll to I cause its armature ture to Vibrate te and produce pro- pro I duce a spark This result is the spark I not being uniformly advanced or re reI retarded retarded re- re I as the timer is moved moved moved-by by means of the spark lever which doubtless ac accounts accounts ac- ac aC 1 counts for the fact tact that the engine often will be found to operate much better with the timer advanced but a apart apart apart part of its maximum travel Instead of I the total amount possible SPARK TIMING I The power output of a gasoline engine en- en I I I the effective b gine aloe depends on mean mE-an pressure developed in the engine cyl cyl- I I inders The value of the mean effectIve effective effective effect effect- ive pressure is effected by three principal principal prin prin- I cipal factors First the compression I to which the gaseous mixture In the cylinders Is compressed ehy bY the piston I on Its upward or compression stroke I just before firing second sE-cond the exact time of the Ignition spark sparl in relation to I Ithe the position of the piston and third I I the length of the stroke e of the engine cylinder clInder It Is readily seen sern that It is the second factor of the above three which concerns the problem of ot ignition Igni Igni- tion To obtain the best results the ignition of the gaseous mixture must m tal take e place at the time of maximum I compression which corresponds to the i uppermost position of the piston i I |