Show BOOKS UNDER ONE ROOF Nationale of oj Paris ris Began in 1368 With Volumes IrISH MUSEUMS MUSEUM'S IS SECOND IN SIZE ie e and Interesting Libraries Libraries Li Li- in Capitals of Euro Europe e. e BY jT J. J HASKIN lar largest st st. library in in tho world orld is of Paris Ms 11 hid bad history I It was 4 J in th the year 1368 1363 by King Kin who cone collected kd books book and in n a a. tower in tho tim oMne old oM ne j. j During Duth t tho hundred years years' r th there e books bools were ere scattered Many lan j iato i ito to the hands bands of or the thc English and anda pro a 0 carried to London Louis XI 1 io r rivo th the tho library and lOd Henry Hemr o it a place iu in the Colle College c dc de ont t and appointed Do o Thou a an u u of tho librarians of tho the que Nationale at onaTe were gui u ill 0 i during the French revolution rc heart I library is situated in the tho arb At occupying a 1 whole Jolo square of ot it It contains considerably over o OW volumes and more moro than Uree Wre th e miles of shelving It is i. isi tf i treat t at reference library of France iI to tho public with sonic gome i fo formalities Tho The tippy p py tax which Med in tho the seventeenth euth century i it tiro copies of ot every overy book pubs pub pub- lu s- s a Franc ance its ib specialties is the largest larrest of current new newspapers and aad k It in ix existence 1 the tho best history in 10 the tho world worM an anti and of coins medals and several nral other libraries ja In n nv II of l mention Thc fhe Saint t which Ieh was founded in tb tho has a u beautiful tf r the renaissance co style of oft t 9 and contains over is iN a municipal liin li- li ija i- i ja in et 1 pf the twenty wards of and ud there aro arc also ten artisan u aJ libraries peculiarly lin l- l in their design n These give course coursel on on industrial art in a 11 to te loan Joan of books booke on vat van duo i es Franklin Society ith with the libraries of it is interesting to know that i organization known as Soto So So- to df Benjamin Benjimin or organized ti I. I which has bas been largely cly in in- tl In banding new libraries issues a a- popular catalogue iod od suitable for lor a small mall liand li li- li and luti in other ways performs tho the thoI I cf ot a al library commission ion oni Dr in size sIte to the nab nale naTa I among on the libraries of tho the thou Is il u the British museum mucum of Lont Lon Lon- t tb lar largest alt library in tho the United ant u In comparison with tho the library this is n since it wa wae vae founded in 1753 union of or four largo o collections the Sir Hans Sloane collection ok k manuscripts and curios the libra library tho to collection nu and tb tho by bv a copy tax sow toiv adds nearly volumes volume Mr r 1 to th tb library British mUs museum um makes a po po- poof of 01 foreign literature and arch arch- 7 i An ug its collections tione arc Hebrew books 2000 Chinese books bools in other oriental e ej 53 an and aDd lar large e collections of peS pe- pe Js s and D newspapers nci filed and Iv I Its s treasures include manu manu- from the 8 second ond century y be be- rut net to mod modern rn times a corn com Vot ct t of the tho scale peals of or En English sos sov- Ot from Edward Elward tho Confessor to Victoria and man many other relics Up to Date Dat library of oC the British museum eum opened d in Montague house p. p an and Its present building Jv by T e 8 Sir j Anthony w was d i in lD IS Tho largo large circular y room m now non it its roost most important ural tural feature was Tas added in l This his ig is centrally lond lo- lo nd nd well adapted to library M Continued on v page pago o I. I BOOKS BOOKS UNDER ONE ON ROOF HOOF Continued from page var 1 purposes It accommodates readers read ers who have access to reference refer refer- with nith tho the ence books book In comparison library of con r s. s however the Br Brt tish t t- ish ih museum is ill antiquated and clums in its method The old trolley trolley tro ley Icy used med for its book hook distribution dir is noisy nois and in inconvenient contrasted con con- trusted with ith the quiet fluid working of the electric book carri carrier r of the library of American li Ii H. cOn and other sr gr creat at Tb The cataloguing a anI and c other departments are arc equally backward Older OMer and nd in omo tomo respects more moore famous fa mono than the British museum is is 15 the library of Oxford which was founded in 1602 1603 by Sir Thomas Bod Bod- Icy lev who donated 2000 volumes In 1610 it received the copy t tax x This li Ii- Ii is a a delight ht to the antiquarians of all n nations It contains contain manuscripts and fine oriental collections and collections of En English incunabula men men- and first editions Its com coin col cal collection lection is one of the most valuable in inthe inthe inthe the worl world This old library has bas man many quaint TC regulations one of nt or which h r l pro prohibits ro- ro hibits the use US of artificial light ami aUll heat in the building building- Hence tho reading read read- in ing int rooms and anit periodical room are arc in inRa in Ra Radcliff cliff hall ban The Tho library contains about books hooks in addition to its Us manuscripts Vatican Founded Pounded in fri 1117 l The vatican library of nome Koine is one ono of the oldest t in the thc world having in been een founded b by Nicolas V Vin in in 1447 who at athis athis his death enriched it with 1 manu mann scripts UP Its present building was erected erected erect erect- ed cd by Sixtus V in 1588 1558 In 1656 the famous us- us Urban library wai wa at added to it Queen Christiana Christiani of Sweden eden gave ga it a valuable m manuscripts manu mann nl dal collection of 1716 l l the Ot Ot- scripts s ami books hoo ami in in collection rol of or G Gorman German and Latin 1110 not of which were ere tak taken ll from Heidelberg were ere added Tins This library contains the tho archives ol of the Vatican to which no a ace access i is p pp per M- M It Tt is not a public library n in intile in tho tile full since written permission sion from a ri church dignitary is nee iee- iee c cs ary for admission H fI i 11 dosed closed on Sunday and on nn nil ull saints days lays Pope Ie Leo xIII n added derl lar largely el to the lion of or rare in in this library and also l o to took k 1 omi step towards making mak in ing the tho r resource of oi the thc Vatican library more maro available to students of history Italians Aro Are Pro Progressive saint int Marks Mark's f in i Venice is h l in in that it J has contained all J tho the ol old archives ar h of Venice complete tc under un nu der one roof roo for len Ion centuries c In Iu some respects the thc library movement has made greater progress 8 in iii Ital Italy during during dur duro in ing the thi past century thou than in in an any other European country The Tho The Italian Ji librarians libra ra rians riTe are If moro mom better in in informed formed professionally unit ami mor lilore ca eager cr to bo be helpful ful than in iii nio t other countries coun tries notwithstanding the fact that th they the y arc i hampered l h by hick of funds The Tho 1 leading n library of Germany f if IP the al library at Berlin although h il it in lit innot not M so 60 lar largo large f a as that nt at t Munich unith The Berlin Irlin v was ae JC founded l by Frederick Freder i ick h William in 16 1650 0 O anti ami received man ninny many gifts ift from li elerick the Great t. It ob ph- obtained d It H oP copy tux in Tt It was ivas re I or organized in in 1581 and has hu made mado much progress sin since e. e It is centrally located but poorly housed in an old oM palace which has be been n jestingly ly referred to toas as as The chest of drawers for Frederick Freder Freder- Frederick ick ck the G Greats Great's papers because of its dull uninteresting fronta frontage e and the fact that its early cary collections Included include ed so to man many historic documents Ro Re- it was reported that it required at least two to h hours to get et a book bool because because be be- cause of or it its antiquated system The 1 I Munich library was founded in the six six- century but the books were cre scattered scattered scat scat- for safe keeping keepin durin during the thirty yar years years' war It has a a. million and a quarter volumes and is il is housed Jod in o i model building from a German point of view although Jh its conveniences arc are f few W as compared with m many ny other libraries Stockholm has a rOJa royal library r which was founded in the sixteenth century by br tb the of oC several veral collections II It contains a large largo amount of antiqueS antique S Scandinavian 1 literature The Copen hJ cu royal library contains the tho most mot famous collection of Icelandic liters litera II turo turp in tho the world and also Tycho Brahe's manuscripts This Thil library numbers num num- lon bers about volumes Whore Printing Started There is no r real al library system in either cither Holland or Belgium um althou although both ar are rich iz i 19 incunabula The Dutch Dutrh universities at Loyden Utrecht and aDd The be Hague have bave fine libraries librari ie but boo books fI are re scarce in Holland although it it t is one of the earliest homes of print print- ing Int ing The e imperial public l library of or St. St Petersburg was wan founded by a large luge Polish collection and contains much rare material 1 from that country It num numbers pum bers D nearly arb two million volumes volumes making sinking sink make makein in ing it the third largest in the tho old world Tb The Russians when they conquered P Po Poland Po- Po laud land practically took possession of the to royal library i of ot Warsaw aw which included ed e many man of the best lCt volumes up to the sixteenth th century fany of ot these were 10 lost lort or dl destroyed by tb the carelessness of the Russian Russia n soldiers but t the be bulk of ot the collection is i- still included in the tit t. t Petersburg library winch which h also contains valuable Greek Slavonic and oriental manuscripts a This library has hag 11 no circulation sir cir c dilation however or and ftp It use ue 5 is 1 restricted re re- re h by much official rC red tape Tho The royal library of Spain n at Madrid dates dat ates from m toni the reign of Philip Phili V V V. It is located in a handsome old palace on th Plaza Plazi del ll O nod i is open free to all at la leapt t t. so o far sr as its printed books book are concerned It contains many rare od oil manuscripts going back to the middle mid dIe dle ages hut but II there is is no S 8 system tern tem of cataloguing their tr treasures UI af 8 are re available only to a R student The I old library at ToJ Toledo do antedates the Moorish invasion It no now numbers over books with no estimate for forthe forthe forthe the number of ot its itI manuscripts most of ot which whir are in bad condition This li library Ii Ii- braT brar is poorly arranged and is not nott attractive at at- t i tra i e to any anyone one hut but students of tho the antique But in no foreign land i H is the tho library 50 so fuJI fully democratized as in the United United Unit Unit- ed cd States no other country spends eo so o much money to put books within the reach of its people and no oth other r people ha have e proved themselves so o eager to take advantage e of the library privileges s offered to them In many foreign countries countries coun coun- tries there is il is a greater percentage e of careful u readers who exhaust every ever everre resource resource re re- re source of ori original p in investigation afforded afford afforded ed by the more ancient libraries of Europe Europe Eu Eu- rope in pose none is if is there so great r it a Ii percentage percentage per per- cent age e of the common people who ho draw upon the libraries for ordinary ordinary- information information mation and intellectual recreation |