OCR Text |
Show Ickft5 wient seen passing 'Wntly within here 16 of autocracy looked as THE ADVENT T0CRAT1C GOVERNMENT AS IT AS IN RUSSIA YESTERDAY, hiqiii f DO Power of the Czar, Representation a Farce. Slaves, Peasants Practically personal Liberty dead. Censorship of the Press, Malls Unknown. privacy of Education a ibiolute 'Jng. rnourj, , host-ha- do. tractej ch dra where popular ie filled tt the Pulp and gai 16 Sued; tees ov. rPedth sight, itssed 'fed the, AS IT TO-DA- limited Monarchy. Cabinet Responsible to the People. Chosen by the People, A Parliament immunity of Person. Preedom of Press. A A Right of Habeas Corpus. Freedom of Education. prediction that the czar would Russians a constitutional or something like unto it. been verified. Count de Witte's compel, The o Du lently ever mt In GOVERNMENT IN RUSSIA The peasants are rapidly being to belief In the creed that the land belongs to those who till it. Their education has gone so far that peasant congresses are held In which the large land owners, tho state officials, and the priests are denounced as enemies. Even if peace shall be restored In the cities the Increasing will remain to be dealt with. The reforms In government conceded by the czar ought to pacify, and probably will pacify, the educated classes. They will gain all that they can reasonably ask for. They should place themselves on the side of the government as against tho social d nioerats and revolutionary socialists. The hitler will not abandon their campaign for land and liberty. It may he that the city workmen, who are imbued with socialist Ideas, will DYNASTY OF, THE ROMANOFFS MICHAEL ROMANOFF NICHOLAS II. (1613.) (1905.) THE PRESENT: the Line.) ASSASSINATED: eha; PETER sUly ad i the in nd. a In bub irved IVAN ALEXANDER Paesei fa helter i. hoi ut for. oodlooj Jd a; set pi ,me res' aa i. I.1,, k s of the ti Count Sergius de Witte. m In Tlflls. Caucasia, 1819. acendant of family of Dutch eml-nto Russia. from mathematical sciences irtmont Novorosslsk University. 1870. jcccsslvoly tiactlou director, exploita- Southdirector and dlrector-ln-chlern mtlways, 1877-188- 8. rector 'nance, department, ministry railway 1889. "undent tariff commission, 1889. . wsier of ways and communications, mister of finance, manced and liuilt 1892-189- rail- - n Trans-Siberia- Russian finances, established standard. rfretary of state to the czar, 1896. organized "Ivy councilor. 1899. "vsident of council of ministers, poed war with Japan, 1903. 19UJ-190- 4. to negotiate norelll ad of Russlun delegation v with Japan. 19ui. isel haa been heeded. to be given some The people berty pprese, inalienable the right of assembly, free-o- f the press, and the writ of as corpus. The national assemb-- s to be converted Into a real legis-.r- e with much greater powers than given the douma. The suffrage ) be much extended. This should fjr Russia, but it may come too ts a be f felin isdies b la th beta course a! rule und the for thi ours bredtbe vlllaf g has t I non gnt ! world a oi ermine nee to utious la u elas hat 31 '.9 per jrdere, '6 with r cent manifest that the policy of could not longer be adhered The reports as to the unrellabil-o- f the army are more detailed and e from more polnta. One hears soldltrs who refuse to lire on the pie, who desert, who mutiny. It evident that the leaven of discon-- ' is rclon ii working among the troops, and the right arm of the autocracy weakened. The people are losing r fear of the soldiers as well as the priests. Every sign of timid-othe part of the autocracy em-le- n them. Vo concessions the czar will con-- t to make will have much lnflu-- e on the social democrats and the olutionary socialists who have en ered the extensive strikes and tonatratlons which are reducing government to Impotency. Their pie creed is land and liberty." 7 demand for the peasants the n blp I ad v 'V mmi The RomanofT dynasty has ruled Russia for 392 years, or ly four whole centuries, marked by bloodshed, massacre, intrigue, conspiracy, and war. through nearassassination, In those four centuries the Romanoffs fought wars with nearly every people In Europe. They fought Sweden, subdued Poland, subjugated the Crimean provinces, overrun Livonia, dismembered Poland, and sent their Cossacks like a scourge across the Caucasus until they had conquered the center of Asia as far as the tomb of Tamerlane, and added all of Siberia to the realms of the czar. In those four centuries the Romar.ofTs fought wars with Sweden, England, France, Italy, Prussia, Austria, Hungary. Turkey, China, and Japan. They fought with and against Napoleon. They helped Prussia against France, and In turn Joined France in crushing Prussia. Three times they tried to conquer Turkey. Twice they tried to invade Persia. Their hand has been against almost every nation, and ruler, and people In Europe. They have been better hated and better feared than the members of any reigning family that ever held a throne In modern Europe. And yet these same Romanoffs, whose throne has been washed with the. blood of a million murdered subjects, until its steps were as crimson as the velvet canopy above it, found Russia a horde of half oriental barbarians, to a modern nation, one of the recog- - to a modern nation, one of the recognized powers In the world. They developed commerce, established universities, gridironed the empire with railroads, fostered religion, cultivated art and science. Their ships ply every sea. Their railroads cross two continents. They are rivals with England and the United States In many lines of commerce. Their lawyers are recognized in the International courts of the world, their scientists are quoted In every laboratory, their literature Is In every modern library, and their music Is recognized among the classics. The first Romanoff was Michael Feodorovltz who ascended the throne in 1613, after the assassination of Feodor I., last of the house of Rurlk, which had ruled for 700 years. He crushed a rebellion and ruled until 1643 In comparative peace. He was succeeded by his son Alexis, who In his turn crushed a rebellion by hanging, burning, and torturing 7,000 prisoners. Then came the son of Alexis, Feodor III., who ruled from 1676 to 1682. He left two sons, Ivan V. and Peter I. half brothers. They ruled Jointly, the real empress being Sophia, mother of Peter I. Sophia gave Russia the bloodiest reign history had ever knowr. up to that time. It all ended In 1696, when Ivan V. died. Then Peter I. asserted himself, and put his mother In a convent. The history of modern Russia really dates from the reign of Peter I., for he was that most famous monarch of all Russia, Peter the Great. He signalized his entry Into power by beheading 5.000 of his enemies. He was a wonderful, enterprising, broad minded, cruel, bloodthirsty monarch, who hanged, burned, tortured, and drowned his subjects, until all Russia waa one vast orgy of blood. And yet Peter the Great built St. Petersburg, established the commerce of Russia, Introduced modern culture, and died after poisoning his own son. Catherine I., wife of Peter the Great, succeeded him In 1725. She was as famous as she was infamous. She was succeeded by Peter II., and then by Anne, daughter of Ivan. Anne was the first ruler of Russia to banish 0 prisoners to Siberia. Sho thus exiled 40,000 of her subjects, and sent more to the scaffold. Anne was followed by Ivan VI.. who was exiled and then assassinated. A coup detat called Elizabeth, daughter of Peter the Great, to the throne In 1741, and she reigned through twenty years of Intrigue and as- onslti etten ndlsi 10,-00- in u mlo n W I II. (1881.) ts silent; s PAUL (1801.) ame pc wed alt at I' i VI. (1764.) i. oma; III. (1762.) pea; Journe II. of the (Eighteenth gregatlc ' Commander of Asiatic Squadron In the Service Since 1861. Rear Admiral Charles J. Train, who with his son was attacked by villagers near Nanking. China, and subsequently rescued by American marines. Is one of the veteran officers of the navy and cotntnander-in-chie- f of the American Asiatic squadron. During his several years of service this is the first spectacular affair in which he has figured. Admiral Train first put on a national uniform In 1861, entering the naval academy from his native oft) NICHOLAS I sassination. lowed d, W Peler III. mounted tho throne In 1762, only to be murdered by his wife's favorite In a few months. Then his wife, Catherine II., grasped the scepter and ruled, a dissolute empress, until 1796. Her son Paul succeeded her, and in 1801 he was assassinated. uni tilth Then came Alexander I., the emperor who burned Moscow to prevent Its capture by Napoleon, and who afterwards marched his army to the gates of Paris, compelled Napoleon to abdicate, and sent him nn exile to Elba. Nicholas I. catne to the throne In 1S23. He was a warlike ruler, and his armies fought on every battlefield of Europe for thirty years. During kts reign 1 .000 .000 of his subjects perished In foreign wars. Ctlf fill A itlos !li a the vir? pin the pet i of led. lust ill fteo n w CZ&CTJQIf and those held by the "d the largo landed They demand universal a,gH without distinction of race nd the transfer of the powers to a nntlonal assembly. , , uki' ,v wm the most enlightened Alexander II. began to liberated He tho Romanoff serfs, and Is rememberof the dynasty, ruler ed as tho etar who sent a fleet lo New York during the civil war to cheek England's threats of recognising the confederacy. He was assassinated In 1881 Just as he was about to grant Russia a constitution. rule In r 3855. Ho Alexander III. ruled from 1881 until 1894 as a reactionary, ceeded In 1894 by the present esar. Nicholas II. th lmP Monument Wsll Deserved. ,,ht!lp In New Haven a memorial Is to be of milling, s,ok. 'former, has solved erected In memory of Cornelius 8. ... h,,uIirhlen by being her own Ilushnell, through whose efforts the ,kwpert Though hry government was persuaded to accept larRe establishment and plana of the Monitor presented by tav has approConnecticut rich settlement Ericsson. '? .rker h than that more wlf and ,lv 15.000 a in Imply priated ,1 n.mm MrtnR'nt put on the sum has been raised by popular sub!f Now York city. Mr. scription. The monument will he la '.h,'n white enamel. eighteen feet high and be surmounted 't he found In by a carved eagle with outspread hoW,of dlrt ' tml h has made it as t,JtltkB wings and bearing a suitable Inscripi, a little nost tion on its shaft. The sculptor Is fan be. Herbert Adams. Mn W Can Be Utilized te Warn Trains of Impending Danger. The American consul at Cheranlts states in consequence of numerous accidents on the railways of Germany, the question of employing wireless telegraphy for the purpose of keeping trains apart Is being discussed. Two years ago experiments were commenced, and they are said to have been continued until recently on the railway between Berlin and Zossen. The experiments are unofficially reported to have shown that the different stations on the line ran at any time communicate with a train running at full speed and warn it of impending danger. The consular report states further that It Is not expected that the expense of supplying stations and passenger trains with the necessary apparatus will be much beyond tho budget allowed each year for the purimse of repairing old signals and Introducing new appliances and inventions which have for their aim the protection of life and limb In railway travel. REAR ADMIRAL TRAINS CAREER. tip ito 't to the, ' concessions. Ihere is greater hope for Russia than there was last week, but one cannot say positively that the weirs Is over. The foreign bankers whe have been at St. Petersburg to discuss the placing of a new loan have postponed negotiations. They are to leave St. Petersburg Manifestly (hey have not sufficient confidence in the stability of the government to lend It a largo sum at thi? time. Notice was served on then some time ago by the revolutionist? that future loans made while the autocracy was in power would be repudiated after It was overthrown. The bankers seem to think it may be over thrown- .- Chicago Tribune. gov-iinen- t, act of a he refuse to be pacified. It Is possibb that their leaders will reason that further agitation will con-verte- d Pewa. the upon OF GREAT NATION pop-ulaflo- n Make-Believ- lopULAR EXISTS "WIRELESS" ON THE RAILWAYS.! He was sue- - Biped and Quadruped Hogs. The Arabians may beat us on horses and the Scotch on sheep dogs, but when It comes to swine, America takes the cake. Our breeds are numerous, but all are fat and gifted with enormous squealing power. Witness the squeals of the railroad hog when It Is even suggested that he Is getting rather more than hts share of swill. Dut there are others. There Is tho private ear hog, the steel hog, the street railroad hog, the Insurance hog all fat and ready for the butcher. Portland Oregonian. J2&lPAyZ&lZ State of Massachusetts Nov. 26 of that year. Graduating in 1864, he served but two years until be was promoted master, and three years later, in 1869, he was made a lieutenant commander, untli which he held position January, 1886, when a command-ershl- p on was bestowed him. Twelve years later, in 1898, he was made captain, and during the Spanish war commanded the auxiliary crusler Prairie. Subsequently he was in control of the Puritan and the Massachusetts. Admiral Train has served He was naval at many stations. officer at the Atlanta exposition, and prior to his present appointment had been at the head of the board of Inspection and survey. EDUCATION ALONE NOT ENOUGH. Natural Ability Also Requisite In Achievement of Success. man Is always a perThe son of brains, resourcefulness and ambition, otherwise he would never be heard of. He may lack the advantages of a collegiate education, but he learns In the school of experience and thus becomes educated In those things that aie necessary to success. The business world ts full of men y-men who are known as "captains of Industry who never saw the Insldo of a college or a high school. Of course, It Is recognized that, hll things else being equal, the men wl'h the best education will make the most rapid strides In advancement. Hut at the bottom there must be natural ability. The era of man will not bo pnst the until the time comes when children of the poor are born with less brain . power than children of the Savannah, Ga., News. Telf-mad- e toda- self-mad- e well-to-do- King Long Sought by Greece. Norway Is not the first country that has had trouble to find a king. Bulgaria Bought the sovereignty of practically every royal prince of Europe and tho plight of Greece was even more remarkable By 23',000 votes out of 241.00D the Greeks elected tho duke of Edinburgh their king, but tho British parliament would have r none of It. The duke of would have accepted the crown, but not, as they, wauted, merely until hls , nephew, the prince of Colmrg-Coharyshould come of age. The Due dAu-mal- e and the king of l'oitugal, the then Lord Stanley and Sir George Grey were also among tho unresponsive desirables. It was almost as a last thought that the present ruler was offered and accepted the throne. Baxe-Cobu- Wealthy Brides of Pianists. who la to wed Mrs. Is the first foreign not Eustis, George pianist to marry a New York woman of position. The late Frsnt Hummel met and married here Miss Morse, a daughter of the Inventor of the tele graph. Richard Hoffman, who came here from England to tour with Jenny Und. married a daughter of the 1 sun-sofamily and only last winter Ernest Schilling was married to Miss Draper No other muslctana have broken tntd families of wealth and position so Josef Hofmann, readily ai the planlita. CARE OF THE BODY How to Acquire and Retain the Priceless Posses sion of Good Health Get Out of "Work Cages" to Cure Consumption. No animal ever dies of consumption unless It has suffered Imprisonment in a cage." says Dr, W, A, Evans in tho Chicago Tribune. From this fact lie draws the conclusion that it Is tho caged life of animal man, iu many cases an inevitable accompaniment of his work, that Is responsible for the large proportion of deaths from this dryad disease. How quickly a euro may be wrought if only those affilct-ewill abandon their work cages" and get into the fresh air, he tells in tho following paragraphs: Every year in Chicago there are 6,000 eases of tuberculosis among men, and 2,300 Individuals die from the disease. Two years and three months of more or less Inability to work precede tho end In these 2,300 cases, to say nothing of the time lost to those wrho are cured. To the economic Chicago. the aggregate cost of one years death roil is the work of one man for 5.3G5 years! "Front the point of view of the humblest worker, however, the mere fact that he has contracted tuberculosis Is nothing If only the discovery Is made early enough and a little time and a little money be available for hls treatment. How short a time and how little the money necessary may surprise the layman who has recognized consumption as one of the stubborn, costly diseases which, In the end, promised only death. "Only a little while ago a case passed under my observation as typical of what may be done in the earliest stages of the disease. He was about 23 years old, ami a manufacturing employe working at hls bench. A slight hemorrhage was the first Indication of the disease. He consulted a physician at once. He lived at home with his parents, and was a partial support for them. The father was called in and asked if he could spare the earnings of the young man for one month. He thought he could, and was more than willing to try. So, late In July, the boy left hls bench and prepared to lay around In the parks as much fla "Ills home was a top fiat, and he fixed up a shack on the bark porch, In which hls bed was placed, and where he slept. He was given a substantial diet, and a large quantity of milk and cream and eggs were taken dally. He was better In an Jncredibly short time. At the end of the four weeks' period he had gained fifteen pounda and, to outward appearances, was a well man. He secured a position at outside work in the country, and is an example of a young man saved to the world's work at a cost not exceeding 25 over hls lost time. "A salesman at 33 years old, pretty far advanced In the early stage of the disease, has been another Individual Instance of an early cure. He took three months away from hls work, slept In a shack out of doors, provided a proper diol, and is now completing hls cure by outdoor work In Iowa. A Chicago throat specialist discovered hls infection early, and having a knowledge of the stock business, and an acquaintanceship In Indiana, went down there last summer as a buyer of cattle for a packing house. He had only to get out of his cage, and the work, the dieting, and the fresh air have done the rest. The whole subject, as It appeals to the worker, may be summed up In the advice to discover his Infection as early as possible; to drop hls aggravating employment; to provide a proper diet, and then to get out of hts cage Into the open air. d Seaside Home for Tuberculous Children, A unique experiment Is being conducted by one of Now Yorks leading philanthropic organizations down on tho shore of West Coney Island. Hi re the ocean waves, the salt sen air, the clean, white sand, tho sunshine and fresh air, aided by skillful physicians and tender nurses caro and nourishing food, nre doing all they can to restore to health and normal child sufferers from vitality forty-threthat dread disense tuberculosis, Not the pulmonary form, for such cases aro not benefited by sea air; but tuberculosis of the bones, joints, muscles and glands. There are over 4,000 such children in New York city alone. A conservative estimate places the number of such sufferers in this country at 50,000 to 75,000. Tho purpose of this seaside home, as described In the American Queen, Is (1) To prove that It Is possible) by salt soa air treatment and proper food to cure even desperate cases of surgical tuberculosis. (2) To convince consumptive adults that their neglect of simple precautions inflicts upon their helpless children another dreadful form of their own malady, 'which, unchecked, will cripple and malm their offspring for life. (3) To attract the attention of philanthropists, city officials and private hospitals to the importance of providing inexpensive out door sea-ai- r treatment for children sufforms of fering from tuberculosis. As early as 1861, French physicians conceived the idea of sea-at- r treatment for tuberculosis, and established a hospital at Broek, near Calais. Since then many others have been constructed, so that at the present time there are many of them along the French coast. That for the city of Paris alone accommodates 750 patients. This first experiment In America was started In June, 1904, as a seaside tent hospital. In the fall, when the weather became too cold for the children to sleep In tents, they were transferred to one of the buildings of the Sea Breeze Homo. The treatment Is very simple: Plenty of nourishing food, life out of doors, summer and winter, and study, sleeping during play-tim- e and waking, with careful doctors and nurses' care. Night and day these children breathe only salt air. President Roosevelt's visit to the hospital brought It to the notice of thousands who are interested In the saving of child lives throughout the Mrs. Roosevelt went with country him, and they both took great Interest In the children, talking wia them personally, and giving them words of cheer and encouragement. "I wouldnt have missed it for all the world," he said afterward. "Anybody could get well out there." life-givin- e Trades That Are Perilous. Some recent tabulations by the Chicago committee for the prevention of consumption have shown In approximate averages the annual number of deatha from consumption In each 100,-00- 0 of the population, as they are applicable to some of the trades and s to every professions. Six In the United 100,000 population States will die of the disease every year, while less than one banker Is a victim. Tho list runs approximately: Deaths In each 100,000 of population: stone-cutter- gtonpru tiers rignrniiikor trnnpiMltor B.Kikk.-epi-i- s ............ slid cli-rk- s MiiNli-tnn- 46 96 4 75 50 !5 3.50 3.50 4 4 ....350 I.mlii-- r t'lilnti-r- .......... 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 s Humta-MhnoiiH r 25 DO 90 ............. 64 Ulltrhera Cure for Obesity. i Biiloonk-p-r)50 linivim-A certain fat man In New York who and hnrkmen 60 wished to reduce hls weight, says the Junior 3.91 Iron and atel worki-- i 31 3 Youths Companion, began by collect- rurpi'niera Kmslm-t-...... .33 3333 ing pamphlets offered by firms that ad- Tii flora 1 5 woikers Mill and factory vertise cures for obesity. He waa 1x5 much struck by the fact that all agreed M.icIiIiiIhIs 1X0 Ari'lillecla 1 75 In one particular. While each firm ad160 vised the regular taking of its particu1 33 133 lar cure, and several said "others are t.iiwyi'ia 1 33 useless, and worse," all insisted that Kiumcra 113 a great deal of exercise and a peculiar Hankers diet must he taken with the medicine. Treatment for the Complexion. About six months afterward, the are ladles so especially InterWhy now no longer a pamphlet collector, fat man, entered a New York drug ested In the complexion of their faces? They ought to he Interested In tho store. of their whole bodies. It "Im eternally obliged to you," ho complexion I not of much consequence what said to the proprietor. the complexion of the face Is, If the "Hows that, sir?" "Six months ago I wolghed two hun- color of the body In general Is right. dred and twenty-sevepounds. Now I A clear complexion all over tho body weigh only one hundred and eighty." Is an Indication of a sound hotly. In England, when a puclllsl Is In "Would you kindly give me your e training for an encounter In the ring, name and address, sl:? said tho hls trainer knows by hls complexion vender In great when ha Is ready for the fight. Ho "Certainly;" and b gave 1L "If you'd allow in to refer to your says, "This man Is In the pink of condition, bcause hls skin Is as dear aa case, we should be greatly obliged." "Certainly, That's what I came In a woman's.' The skin Is a signboard for the for. I've written out a testimonial." He handed It to the delighted pro- whole body. An nnhealthy looking prietor, repeated "I'm eternally obliged complexion, a dry, Inactive skin. Is an Indication of the nnhealthy condito you," and departed. tion of tho body all through. The druggist road the following; Rsthlng Is a good thing for the com"I have much pleasure in recommending Mr. --- 'a pamphlet on plexion; a cool morning bath will ton the cure of obesity. In consequence up th akin, Invigorate the appetite, of reading It, ! have reduced my and stimulate the vital processes. But weight in six months from two hun- the best cosmetic of all Is a pure diet, dred and twenty-sevepounds to one Thos who hav been brought up on hundred and eighty pounds, with great a vegetarian diet usually hav pur benefit to my general health. 1 rigid- skim. Healthy llitl children always ly followed the pampnlet'i advice to hav dear skins, but as they get oldtake regular exercise and eschew fatty, er thnlr skins often boeom dingy and farohy and sweet foods. This saved allow, Wmply because they have me a good deal of money, for I never learned to aims the lawa of Ilf and health, and have Indulged their appetook one particle of Mr. tites with unwholesome things. medicine." 5 r Mnri-linnt- .,, .S-- fat-cur- n j |