Show ROOSEVELT FOR fEDERAL CONTROL Believes Government Should Generally Gen-erally Be Leader in Conservation Con-servation SAD EXPERIENCE IN EAST Addressing Public Meeting In Denver ExPresident Discusses Water Power Pow-er Coal Lands Ranges and Forests Powerful Plea for Conservation of Denver Colo Aug 29 Coloncl Roosevelt arrived In Denver from Cheyenne this morning and after a pnrndo In which representatives of the state and city tho Live Stock association asso-ciation and tho Spanish War Veterans took part was tho guest of tho Denver Den-ver Press club at n cowboy luncheon at Overland park In tho afternoon lio delivered a public address at the Auditorium and Inter spolco to the Spanish War Veterans nnd then he was the guest of honor at a roundup round-up dinner at Eljcbel Temple Talks on Conservation Mr Roosevelts main address was on conservation and was as follows Tills country linn Hhovvn definite signs of waking up lo tho nbRoluto norfsslty of hnmllliiK UH natural rfsonnoi with foresight fore-sight unit common Bents The conservation conserva-tion ciuoHllon IIOB Ihrei1 sides In the first > licc the nocdless waste of the natural roHnurros must ho ntupjicd It Is rni > l < lly becoming n vvellHcttlrd pnllry of this people peo-ple that WP of this sonerntlnn hold thn land In part for thu nnxt generation and not prehrtlvuly for our own Hellish onjoy ment Just nn tho farmer Is I n Rood cltl gen If ho leaven I his farm Improved and l not Unpaired for his children and l a bad cltl tell If ho skins tho land In bin own pelflsli Interest FO thn Nation behaves well If It treats thn natural resources ns nsnpts will < h It must turn over to the noM KUII ration Incrnaped nnd not Impaired In value and l behaves badly If It leaves tho bind poorer to thoso who como after us In the second plire the natural re lonrerB Inuit be developed promptly completely and In orderly fashion It Is not conservation to leave the natural resources re-sources undeveloped Development Is an iMdlsppnsablo part of the conservation plan The forests the mines tho water powers nnd tho land Itself must nit bo put to uso Those who assert that con icrvatlon proposes to tie them up deprlv nfr this generation of their benefits In 9rdcr to hand them on untouched to time next mlBs the whole point of tile ron lervntlon Iden Conservation doen not aiean dcprlvlnB tho men of today of their natural rights In the natural resources of tho land All It means Is that we of this feneratlon shall so Ifle our rlfihls as not to deprive those who Come after us of their natural rights In their turn In the third place KO far as possible Ihcse resources must be kept for tho whole people and not handed l over for txploltntlon to sIngle Individual Wo do not Intend to dlsrouniRp Individual enter arise by unwisely diminishing time reward tor that enterprise On the contrary wo lellcve that the men of exceptional nblll ties should Imvn exceptional I rewards up o tx point wliorntlio reward becomes disproportionate dis-proportionate to the service up to tho point where time abilities are used to tho letrlment of the people ns a whole Were We-re for the liberty of the Individual up to lOll not beyond the point where It be omes Inconsistent with the welfare of lime eommiinltv Thus our consistent aims aim-s to favor the actual settler the man who takes ns much of thn public domain is ho himself can cultivate nnd there nntcs a permanent home for tits children who come after him but wo ate agaInst thn man no matter what his ability who tries to monopolize larie masses of public i land Gtate and Federal Control Now to preserve the Kenerul welfare to se to It that time rlelitn of the public irA protected mind the liberty of the Individual Indi-vidual secured and encouraged ns lonir ns jonslstent with this welfare nnd curbed ivhen It becomes Inconsistent therewith It Is necessary to Invoke tho aid of tho eovernment There arm points In which this Rovernmental nd can best be ren Jered by time states that Is where the jxerclsc of ntntps1 rights helps to secure popular rights anti fs In these I billmo In Htntcs rl hlH I llit there mire Iarru IfiHps of enpos where only nttlhorltv if tlo National Kovrnmxnt will urI tIe ur-I rlvhls I of the pi > ni > l n a ni 1 imre tillsH the case I nm n roivlpccd l nnd n thor > iHli < rnniT > ever In i fie m r gli 1mm of tbo Notional irovri rnneiit U Iimlnem fi Iqneo IR no loivnr In nrfMtr of mv o sltt h1 business IIMS lirtt > tie ivitlon l Izcii niul time onlv orfftlvi > way of roi trnllnc nnd drefti7 It nnd pr 1 ventlm nhA In I connection with It I Is I by Imvnir t lie i > i > opl niilnnntlKo ths cunirol i I order lo rrevent tim rI r belns extilotcd bv tin t I In dlvldiuil4 who liiv mtlonal7i1 tl i buil nets All fnmniirce on n scpo HiiflHont Iv l larTf to wnmnt nnv cnniml over It bv tie vveriie I flritin < Mta t to o foreIgn cnmtnerce nail until this fact Is heirtllv m npknow iUpil snd ncted I upon bv both courts nnd Ic Islatlve billos Ni tlonnl niul rtnto alike the Interest of time people wIlt Hiiffer In the maltrr of ponservitlnn I benr lly npprove of stale nctlon where under our form of itovenment the state nnd the aIde onlv 1ms I te poxver to net I cor dnlh Join vb tbo o who desire to seethe see-the I state I wltbn Its I I own BjiliTt inVe i tb < > most advanced position In I regard to th uhole matter of conservation I Iinvr taken exactly this nitltuiln In my own state of New V nrk Where the state aloin had powfr to net 1 > iimti ilmu all I could to Ret It to act In ho mt iidvnnrtd manner ant vtiprn the Nation could net I have done nil I rould to jet Nillnm l action In time same direction I I ITnfnrtun nil h In time east WP have In this mnttT paid the penally of not hvlni our forest lind tindtr Not lone I eon t rot ami the pen I nit v has been seore Mot of time states nltliouRli they nre old stiites hnvo not protected their forst each fulling to not by Itself because time action was really real-ly the common concern of nil and whore action Is the common concern of nil ic perence has shown that II can only be profitably undertaken by time National government AI a result of tho lioposslbllty of get llmi such wise action by tho several state governments III the cast we pro doln our best to get National leslslitlon 1 under which the National government at the txpeiiHe of millions of dollnrs shall undertake under-take to do as regards limo Appalachians nml White Mountains of the east what It In now doIng In the Hock Mountains here out Mctr It would oc both n calimlty tnd nn absurdity for the National 1 government govern-ment now to do In the west the very thIng that nt n heovy pecuniary cost It Is try INK to undo In lime east fly actual ex peicnce In Ihlt east wo havo found to inr erst that the Nation nnd not time soy ral stHtis can best guard the Interests if the fHt > 4 f in the matter of the forp U sad the waters nn1 that It It falls tn attempt this duty at the outlet it will later on have to pay heavily in order tube tu-be allowed to take up the work which became It Is done so Into cannot be so well done as If It had I boen begun earlier Water Power Take the question of tho control of the water power sites Tho enormous Importance Impor-tance of water power Bites to the future Industrial development of this country has only been realized within a very few years Unfnrtunatly time realization has como too lain ns rcKards many of the porer sites but many vet remain with which our hands are free to deal We should l make It our duty to see that hcre after time power sites nro kept under the control of tho Kcnenl government for Iho use of the people ns n whole The fen should rcmnln with the peoplo ns n whole while time use Is leaped on terms which shall oociire n nnpt reward lo the lessees whMi shall encouniRO the development de-velopment nnd uso of the water power but which shall not create n permanent monopoly or permit the development to bo nntl < nrlxl to he in any respeut hostile tn the public nood The Nation nlonu has the power to do this effectively nnd It Is I for this reason that you will find those corporations which wish to pran Improper ndvnntnRO und to bo freed from efficient control on the part of the public dnlmr nil that they can to secure the substitution substitu-tion of state for Nntlnnnl nctlon Them Is something fairly comic I In the appeal made by manv of these men In favor of state control when you realize that time great cnrpirntlons seeking 1 the privileges of developing time water power In any gIven Into era nt least up npt tu ie l owned outride that state as within It In this country nowjduys capita has n National nnd not 1 state use The great corporations which are mnwiged nail largely owned In the older states are those whlch nre most In evidence In dc velojfnB nnli iislncr the mines nnd walEr powers nnd l forests of hun new territorIes anti tho new states from AHskn to Art robe I have been Kunulnely amused during du-ring the past two months nt having nigu merits presented to mo on behalf of certain cer-tain rich men from New York nnd Ohio for Inslnnco ns lo why Colorado and other oth-er Ilocky Mountain states should manage their own water power sites Now these men inav he good elllzins uccordlncc to their Urchin but naturally enough their special Interest obscures their sense of the public need and ns their object Is to escape nn efficient control exercised In time Interest of nil the people o tIme country coun-try they clamor to b < > put under the state Instead of under the NotIon I we are foolish enough to grant their requests wo phnll havo ourselves to blame when we wake up lo find lhal we hava permitted nnothcr privilege to tjitrench Itself and l another portion of what should be kept for the public good lo lie turned over to Individuals for purposes of private enrichment en-richment During the Inst session of congress bills were Introduced to transfer the water power sites In the National Forests nnd the Public Domain to tho control of the states I cannot state too strongly my lieflef that these measures nro unwise nnd that It would be disastrous disas-trous to enact them Into law In sub fllunce their effect would bo to free tbeso great special Inlerepts from nil effectIve control The passage of siiih n bill would be n victory of the special Interests overtime over-time genernl welfare and I long backward step down the hill of progress we havo of late been ciinmlmi amOur am-Our ppopln havo for mnnv years proceeded pro-ceeded upon time nssumptlnn that the Nation should control the public land I Is to this assumption of National outlook that vo own our wisest land legislation 1 from tho Homestead Ltv to the Irrigation Law The Wino uso of our public domain has always been conditioned upon National Na-tional action Tho states can greatly help but time Nation must tako the lend as regards re-gards tho land as regards time forests and waters and perhaps peculiarly In the case of the waters because almost all streams mire really InterHtnto streams Coal Lands Time same principle appllet with peculiar pecu-liar force tn limo cool InndH nnd especially to time coal lands In Alaska whose pro locllon nnd ownership by DIP Federal Kovcrnment Is BO necessary lintli for full and free Industrial development In the west Lund for tho needs of our fleet In the Pacific The coil mines should bo leased pot sold mind those who mine the coal should pny Imrl n part nf the profit to Iho people Ills the rluht nnd duty of the peoplo ti > demand the most vigIlant trusteeship trus-teeship on that pirt of thai branch of time Federal jovernrnenl In ehnne of the fuel resources of the TJnltcHl States The Neutral Ground nemember nlso that many of the men who protest Inudly against erfecllvo national action would l bo the first to turn round mind protest against state action If such notion In HH turn became effectIve anti would then unhesltatlnfr ly Invoke the law to show that time state had no constitutional power tn nut Long experience hal shown that It Is by no meiv Impossible In cases of constitutional doubt to pet one net nf Judicial decisions which render It dlillenll fur time nation to net und another an-other fet which rendfr II Impossible for time wtat < to act In each case the prlvllmd i tenmIicin rims of tlu < il I cMon iiivoUc th < > nld of those who tr at tint Ciinstltutlon not nn u healthy aid to growth but as 1 fetish to prevent Kiowlh and thoy nbsril the advocates nf wls nail cautious progress ns btlnrr opponents of the Constllullim AH I have sold before I nm a strong btllev er In ufllclent inthmil action vvluru Hiioh action offirs time best hup of ito curIng mind prntectlni the Interest of tlm whole people an against the Interest Inter-est of a fee Ilul I am emplvillcally In favor of stato action where state actlda I I liifct MTVP this puiptao nnd 1 nm no Icri I emphatically In favor of cot < 111 mind hearty cooperation be Ivvuen the nation and the slutea where their duties are ldentlcil or overlap If them Is one taint which In more unwluo than t nnother It Is I the creation by KClalulM I I by xtuutlvii or by I judicial am too of 1 neiilral ground l In > which neither the slum tit nor the nation lots puwcr and uhlli can seive as a place < if lefiiKf for limo lawless mal nnd cspecl illy for the lawless mal of great wifilth who can hire thn best lcil cnuiirel to advise him how to keep his abiding I place equally I I distant from tho uncertain frontliru thl 11I1rtnll frultlrl of both hlato and national I I power The Open RaiiQC I am heru at the Invitation of the Colorado Livestock association and I desire to rxpress my npircpntloii of their sleadfaHt HInd for decency and pn > Krei < s In I llu handling of public lands and l national fonsts They hivu met anti overcome thu unrcluntlng opposition 1 op-position of MIMIC of tho most Inlluentlnl btncUinun of the state they havo won btcausu thiy have been right I want to expriMs also my uppreciatlon of timework time-work of time Amcilcjn National IUeatock atsboclatlon 1 hal biun one of the really Important forces working toward ef ftctUit lullwuy regulation whim Its Hiipport if the policy of fcil > rnl rangu control has given I a large pluew in nullunal affaire AH an oldtlmu stuck inii 1 realize Hint the present inter of timings on the upon range cannot continue and that the sum way to protect pro-tect tho ranse Itrclf prevcnl time Increase In-crease of hlA outlltH promotu the etiult able use of the gracing lands and foster fos-ter genuine homestiud settlement Is to extend l over tho open range a wystum of rangfi control bomewliat similar to that now In effect on thu national for mitts mittsWliateyer Whatever system of range control may be ndoplcd In detail them are two things It murt not do It must not small man by the or exclude Imnl rln handicap eclld more money mtiil him tu lore requiring for fences than he can afford and I eL tnul < iu 1 u acre must leave every Icr tIal lust homostoaders freely tied by bonafldn homosleoers led such settlement open to selemenl ol single acre 1 do not believe that a Ilntlo < lauds should hereafter pass public ehoull our lUlC Il1nls oxvntMhlp except for the into private ownLdhlp settle single purpose of homestead setlo Alnllo stockmen tIme know that went and I kio In their desire to re stand with ate olslre 10 from the path ot every obstacle move homesteader and to put tho genuine hIltclller possible obsluclu In the pathway every of the limn who tries to get public Ihl misrepresentation or fraud l lands by Ilanprolenlaton Iln absolutely necessary on tho This Is olIsolutely Thil igrlcullurul lands It Is at least equally necessary IlldR on the mineral lands I Iy balefUl cf would be u calamity whose 10 I citizen we can fet on the average If the great stores scarcely exaggerate other mineral fuels ittlil uf ciiil ant otllr mlllml and oiviud by thn peoplo In I Alaska elsewhere should puss Into the unregulated cor of monopolistic lated ownership llnollllc purulloas The Forest Service You progressive stockmen have stood heartily by tho conservation move llorllY tnent und with you have stool many Diners rnt 11 throughout time West to whom bingo twrK tnouthout such IIH the lumbermen 1110 crllt tue bermen lu WuHlilngton and Oregon thl irrlgalors In California amid l the supporters sup-porters of tho country life movemcnl want to In and around l Spokane I wlnt 110 alolln In particular acknowledgments make my Icknowlellgmenls parlc association ular to time Colorado Koreslry ni Illr tion which has supported l tIme forest lon mcci k of thu government with Hiich un 3lllsh zeal The forest service has rncmles because It Is effectIVe Hon gf Us best work has been mel by thc bitterest opposition For example U has done a real service by blocking of water the road against the grabbers power and again by standing llku a rock against the demands of bogus mining concerns to exploit the national forests I have always dune my lest lo help time genuine miler I believe tlmt one of the llrsl duties of the government gov-ernment Is to encourigo honest mining on time public lands But I Is equally Importanl to enforce the law firmly against that particularly dangerous class which makes Its living off the public through fraudulent mining schemes Much of the opposition to the forest service like much of tho opposition tc conservation takes the form of direct misrepresentation For example time cry IH often heard thai the national forests Inclose great areas of agrlcul lurul land which are thus put beyond the reach of settlement This state niLiit seeniH plausible only till tho fact are known In the llrst place congress has specially provided that whatever agricultural land l there may be in any national forest shall bo open under proper safeguards to homestead settlement set-tlement And In tho second l place when the opponents of conservation are asked ask-ed l to point out Iho great stretches of Inclosed l agricultural land I on the ground and l In the presence of experts Inslcad fall l of In speeches In 0 hal they Reclamation Service The National Irrigation Congress Is to hold a session In the city of Pueblo lute In September I nm keenly sorry that I could l not nave accepted l the Invitation to be presenl I must however how-ever bo In the Kant at that time Hut since I cannot be present then to express ex-press my keen longheld and deepfelt Interest In the reclamation of arid lands by the federal government I desire to do so now There Is no more effective Instrument for tho making oj homes than tho United l Stales Reclamation Recla-mation Service and no government bureau bu-reau while I was President had reached reach-ed a higher standard of efllclency In tcgrlty und devotion to tho public wel f n ro Ilko the Forest Service time Reclamation Reclama-tion Service has clashed with certain private pri-vate Interests und has had to pay the penalty of Its service to Iho public In the torm of bitter opposition from those with whose profit It has Interfered The cry has been raised against It thai the government i gov-ernment must nol do for Its citizens at n less cost what private Interests are ready to make them pay for at higher prices Now I believe fully In the private development de-velopment of Irrigation projects which the government cannot undertake There Is a largo and legitimate field for such work Jut the essential thing Is to make homes on time lands not to enable Individuals to profit from tho necessities of tho men who inalio thosa homes There la no more warrant fur objecting to tho reclamation rlclamalon of arid lands by the government than there would bo to protest against the government gov-ernment for patenting agricultural lands directly to limit actual settler Instead of through 1 middleman who could make a profit from the transaction The men who assert themselves nt time cost of Ihe com immunIty Instead l of by service to tho community com-munity we have always had l with us and doubtless we always shall Out there Is no reason why we should yield to them Tln Itpl imatlon Servlrn has not done so and that Is tho chIef irason for thn at taekH lon It I dont think that lucre Is one ainon you who Is a hotter and more borouch going weslerner than I am There has been no support given to the constrva ton I policies HO welcome ns that whih came from the west and nOl In thn west more welcome thin that which came ml from Colorado Them frl uro men and or iiinlrillens In Colorado anti I menllon Delta In mnton I11 particular whose support of the conservation policies has been of the greatest value to the Nation I has not always been an easy thing for them to I stand for what was right lo stand for the real ultimate good us nsilnst the F < emi mm m temporary good but I Imlrnrv hiI they have stood for I steadily nevertheless From the Frm standpoint of conservation the oast has wasted much nIPnllnn Ill own Mlporb endowment and ns an American HS n lover of time WMt I hope that the west will prntlt by the easts bitter lesson les-son BUI wll not rIot the mistake of the east Time east has lst wasted Its lsl1 IR resources re-sources It suiters from the effect of the mste 1 which now pus It at a dlsiclvan tug conpared lo the west ant It Is sorry Most of the I Inrn capital and very niauV cf thy men mow attempting to TionopIzi vnur western 10101lz resources nr from tho east The 1 west should loari tho Kson of the shnlll IpI easts hsOI a insa < ps ami n should remember tint onrv lea I 111 In I the west will help the 1 11 1111 vvist tlrsi nnd most nnd I that the movement 111 0111 tlIl tl 10Vnl for conservation con-servation Is most eini t m itt vo mum and most effective In i the west n nil ninoni rnl western men That Is one srini reason rn stay why Iho conservation pulley has come to |