Show I P I k < n vr r < t 7 i 00 = = CouNTuNoNoslist n e U NITEDrvtf A sa p t s LD DR U 8 CENSUS who has Just completed the thirteenth diagnosis of the condition of Undo Sam and his family began be-gan It In 1700 and has been repenting It every ten years since Undo I Sam has footed the bills to date amounting to about 47000000 Our venerable dad has circulated that tho thirteenth Investigation will cost about J13000000j 00000000 has been spent for this purpose since 1790 Tho twelfth census cost about 13 000000 and as Uncle Sams landed pos Bcsutons have Increased since then and his family gained about 16000000 moro members than belonged to It In 1000 It would be considered no more than fair If tho present diagnosis wore to call for the spending of about 19000 000 which would bo tho sum If tho rato of Increase of expense at each census up to tho twelfth were to bo maintained main-tained for tho thirteenth A census expert has estimated that of tho thirteen millions tho headquarters headquar-ters olllco force will earn 4000000 tho enumerators 4000000 tho supervisors super-visors 910000 and the special agents 700000 Tho administrative cost will bo 300000 the stationery 200000 rent 120000 tabulating machines 250 000 cards for tabulation processes 100000 printing 800000 Alaska 85 000 Porto Rico 100000 Total 12 lti I = A L y 1 o I 4 rpq r rev r + olIJR ti t pA1VA DUR9ND uJ J COMMSS10ryle + y 4 > t i Y l tl i r J tJr z I i 9 Y r Iw C 4 11 ate k of Michigan who although rABULgT11YG MAC al-though only thirtyeight T 1 USED IN CENUS years old is older than 1R most of the generals commanding g q s t a ti 2 qU com-manding tho forces In tho Civil war and who Is t too a statistically scarred II scar-red hero a veteran In t II Y government service and 6 < 1 bit 1t likely to prove tho most a I y zt practical and efficient director ° II di-rector connected with 5 any of the past censuses Then there is tho assistant d assist-ant director William H Willoughby of Washington r Washing-ton D C former secretary a r r 1 f secre-tary of state of Porto r r F Rico Next In rank aro I + 1 tho five chief statisticians fat 11 k II 1 I clans William C Hunt > in charge of the population pR0 PUNdfliNG MgCyN f popula-tion division Lo Grand II Powers heading the agricultural II 1L ricultural division Wll at Vr tIIIi 050000 If that Is all tho expense it is cheap The late Gen Francis A Walker who was a census authority greater than any other living or dead once wrote that tho people of the United States can well afford to pay for tho very best census they can got lie penned this remark In connection with n frank confession of I his own shortsightedness In underestimating underesti-mating the cost of tho tenth census Its tho old story When you aro 111 get tho best doctor you can afford Clue comparative cheapness with which the thirteenth census has been taken was largely duo to Director E Dana Durands eco lomlcal methods to the Introduction of semiautomatic semiau-tomatic electrical card puncldng tabulating and sorting machines and to tho Inheritance of wisdom from tho experience gained by tho permanent census bureau During tho term of tho latter tho methods of Inquiry tabulation and compilation have been greatly Improved both In accuracy and In economy Millions will be saved Mr Durand Is responsible for many of tho now methods to Increase statistical accuracy at every step of the census taking anti to decrease de-crease the per capita cost of tho enumeration The cardpunching tabulating and sorting machinery ma-chinery Is tho Invention of a census mechanical mechani-cal expert and the patent rights belong to Uncle Sam The machines are novel In plan and design de-sign are of greater speed and efficiency than those they superseded and can bo built and operated at a largo saving of money as compared com-pared with previous expenditures for this pur poso Other moneysaving features are the elimination elimi-nation of the vitalstatistics Inquiry from the work of tho decennial census as it belongs to the permanent branch of the United States census tho reduction In the number of schedules sched-ules tho pieceprice method of paying for ma chino work tho omission of tho hand household I house-hold and neighborhood Industries from tho manufactures branch of tho census and tho reduction of the size and number of copies of tho final report Congress limited tho thirteenth census to four general subjects population agriculture manufactures and mines and quarries Tho dl I lector Is authorized to determine tho form and subdivision of Inquiries Tho Inquiry as to population relates to the date April 15 1910 that as to agriculture concerns tho farm operations opera-tions during 1909 and calls for an inventory of I farm equipment April 15 1910 that relative to manufactures and quarries Is for 1909 I Tho enumeration carried only tho population popula-tion and agriculture schedules April 15 1910 Special agents were sent out with the schedules sched-ules for tho manufactures mines and quarries data There More fully 05000enumerators of whom about 45000 carried both the population and agt culture schedules as It Is estimated that there are now fully 7000000 separate farms In America with farmers numbering well up into a score of millions In 1910 there wore many more billions of dollars of flxed qpltnl Invested In agriculture than thero woro fftnicB strange as It may seem And IM > tt r nrr nl tho time 7 4 a OLD STYLE raBUiro R D his mortgage Indebtedness Is decreasing fast his taxation Is small as compared with the urbanites burden and he has taken to automobile auto-mobile riding on a large scale Census taking every ten years Is a tremendous tremen-dous task It Is the greatest single operation undertaken by Undo Sam with the exception of the Panama canal work and tho assembling of an army In time of war The American census cen-sus Is the largest costtllest and most accurate of any taken by the clvljlzed nations Its methods are the most modern and Its equipment equip-ment the most complete The census bureau force comprises first Director E Dana Durand liam Al Stuart overseeing oversee-Ing tho manufacturing division di-vision Dr Cressy L Wilbur the vital statistics statis-tics work and Dr Joseph Jo-seph Adna Hill the division di-vision of revision and results re-sults Charles S Sloano is tho geographer AI bertua H Baldwin Is tho chief clerk Voler V is chief of tho publication publica-tion division Hugh M Brown is private secretary sec-retary to tho direct Tk V n U 1 or Robert m Iinueii is the appointment Clerk George Johnnes Is tho disbursing officer and C W Spicer Is tho mechanical expert In addition to these aro the chiefs of tho divisions under tho chief statistician sta-tistician There aro about 750 permanent clerks and 3000 temporary clerks etc The supervisors numbered 330 and they employed and directed the 05000 enumerators About 1000 chief special agents and assistant special agents Tho supervisors also employed 1000 clerks 500 special agents and 4000 Interpreters to assist them In the direction of the enumerators The data relating to population Is trans U J ferred to manila cards by tho punchln holes in them to correspond with the Jlff < items In the schedules An electrical mac controlled by a cleric can punch holes In cards a day Three hundred of these used and 90000000 cards were ordered After tho punching tho cards aro ham into an electric tabulating machine wit pinbox attachment which permits the quired pins to pass through the arlc placed holes In tho cards In this establls an electric circuit resulting In the tabul of tho items on counters Vhlch register results In printing on spooled paper some like a stock tlckor There are 100 of t machines After certain comparisons to p accuracy the schedules are permanently served In a great Iron safe In the census reau As tho card does not contain the n of tho persons for whom It stands all pers Identity Is eliminated from tho cards All ger of misuse of such information dlsapp Severe penalties are provided In case any ployee discloses census information to ou ers Tho next stop Is tho making of the i and tables to accompany tho analyses then finally the Issue of tho printed bull and reports Before July 1 1912 the must be over and the thirteenth census to Join its scientific ancestors |