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Show DKATH or CARDINAL NliWHAN. The cable brings the announcement of the death of Cardinal Newman in England. He was one of tho foremost Roman Catholics in that country, and his career, owing to the fact that he was formerly a distinguished Protestant, Protest-ant, is of an interesting character. John Henry Newman, who was born in 'London in 1801, was educated at Trinity college, Oxford, from which institution in-stitution he graduated in 1820, and in 1822 he was elected follow of Oriel college. col-lege. He there attracted the attention of Dr. Whateley, who employed him in the preparation for publication of his well known Treatise on Logic, and secured se-cured him a position as contributor to tho Encyclopedia Metropolitana. He was ordained in 1824, and for three years he acted as vice-principal of St. Allan's hall, having been given that position by Dr. Whateley, who was tho head of the institution. In 1827 he resigned, re-signed, in order to accept a tutorship iu his own college. In 1828 he was presented with the vicarago of St. Mary's, Oxford, iu which church tho sermons which he delivered at a later period had an extraordinary influence in forwarding tho religious movement with which his name is permanently associated. as-sociated. At this period Nswman was an earnest antagonist of the Roman Catholic church. He was one of those who transferred their support from Sir Robert l'eel to Sir Robert Inglis on the occasion of the former introducing the Roman Catholic relief bill, and ho was one of the most active in commencing commenc-ing and carrying on the so-called Oxford Ox-ford movement, the great object of which was to counteract as well the Romanizing as the dissenting tendencies tenden-cies of the time by restoring and bringing bring-ing into notice what he and his friends believed to be tho Catholic character of the English church. With this view he commenced in 1833 his Oxford Tracts, to which he was one of the chief contributors, con-tributors, and in 1S38 he become editor of the British Critic, an organ of the samo views, and in conjunction with Drs. Pusey and Keble bo also became editor of the Library of Translations from the Greek and Latin Fathers. His tracts, however, became distasteful to the Anglican authorities and at the request re-quest of the Bishop of Oxford he discontinued discon-tinued them, and In 1843 the British Critic, which advocated thesame views, was also discontinued. Newman finally determined to bo-come bo-come a Roman Catholic, and in 1845 he was admitted to that church. In a work on tho Development of Doctrine he explained the process through which his mind had passed. Goiug to Rome ho was admitted to orders in the church, after he had duly prepared himself. On his return to England in 1848 ho established es-tablished a branch of the congregation of the oratory of St. Philip Hori, of which he was appointed the superior. In 185i he was appointed rector of the Catholic University in Dublin, where he remained for live years. He next established In Birmingham a school of higher studies for the youth of the Roman Ro-man Catholic religion. In 1870 he was made a cardinal. Dr. Newman, in addition to the works above named, was the author of a large number of others, nearly all of a religious relig-ious character. He was a very busy man during his whole lifetime, and in his death tho Roman Catholic church loses a vory distinguished member. His early Protestant training, however, had left deeply-rooted traces in his character, charac-ter, aud he remained to the end a liberal though a staunch Catholic. Indeed, Pope Pious IX hesitated loug before he bestowed the cardinal's hat upon the erudite Englishman. Notwithstanding the great learning represented in the cardinal's college, Newman was easily at tho head as a scholar. His influence among his countrymen was powerful, and led to the conversion of many prominent and inftueutial Englishmen to tho Catholic church. His death at the ago of nearly 90 years, though sudden, sud-den, will creato no surprise, but will rather call attention to the other venerable ven-erable and gifted cardinal. Manning, who also was originally a Protestant, and who also stands in tho shadow of a century. Who is there to fill the place of such men as these! |
