Show TRY TO BOOM MORGAN Effort to Work Up An AntBryan Movement I SUCCESS IS DOUBTFUL r SPECULATION A TO THE NEXT DEMOCRATIC PLTORM J Another Bulletin Issued By the De pament of Agriculture Concerning Concern-ing Irrigation Investigations Mrs Henrotn Compiles n vew of Womens Clubs of the U S Special Correspondence Washington D C July 3To Chicago conference or the Democratic national natonal committee has done much to Cmmltee clarify the Political situation in the Democratic party par-ty I is felt to be as good as settled that silver will have a sufficiently prominent place In the next platform to satisfy and gratify the most ardent ot its honest supporters sup-porters I Is equaly apparent that the party will not present this single Issue but will offer Its candidate to the court try upon a platform speaking plainly and forcibly against the trusts sure to be 0 very absorbing question In the next cam gchy pals and In the declaring Philippines against military cm ol The force of Circumstances may throw either of the bat mentioned IsueH Into more prominence temporarily than the frt one Many leading politicians here regard i as pretty certain that our policy In the new Island territories will be easily ely the most prominent question in the can vase while others are cOltde t that the ckmpaign will be fought chpalSn wi very largely upon the trusts This will by no means imply any pun I pose on the par of the Democratic party to make the silver question In any sense subordinate but be wholly due to the fact I that the other issues demand immediate I consideration and disposal Mr Bryan himself regards the silver 1 question 115 of prime Importance and so placed It in the I brief but admirable presentation of the is sties made by him at Chicago No friend en dh of silver need fear either the action of i the convention on this point or the loyalty of the candidate AntiBran Effort II Th most interesting development of the week In the political field is the concentra r ko c tion of considerable antiBryan effort up I on the venerable senator John T Morgan 01 Alabama The state of Alabama wilt elect her legates In advance ot any I southern state and It Is aId that a formidable for-midable effort will b < made by the friends UL UUI LUrgafl to Instruct thc state delegation for him or at least send him at the head of the delegation Morgan Is qlmself a loyal silver man and a staunch supporter of the Chicago platform That Opposition to Bran Is found In Alabania Alabma Is based not on his constancy to silver but on his attitude toward expansion Morgan Is an imperial expansionist of a radical type He las contended In con t ess for expansion which he beIiees I toe to-e ngr Democratic policy lie was a memberof the peace commission and was a steady advocate of the taking and keep inc ot the Philippines The senator has Indicated his purpose of making the strongest fight he knows how to make against the adoption by the Democratic national convention of a plank favoring Philippine Independence under a protectorate which he characterizes as the most dangerous of all the possible methods of handling the situation giving Slvln lS i does a maximum of responsibility ponslblty for the acton of a government without giving any control over these actions Senator Morgan Is the Irst strong man who has been named as likely to enter the lists against Bryan I is however very doubtful If he can hold his nati state dele gaton for tht leader ot 186 OWI is very popu lar In th state and Governor ohn80n has already declared himself for Bran against Morgan I will be a remarkable evidence of the strength of the Nebraskan If he can defeat Morgan for a complimentary complimen-tary vote from Alabama for General Mar gan has been the Idol of his state for many years 1t mal doUI that Bryan will car the delegation Is expressed by exprsse Alabama Democrats In Washington I Irrigation Investigations I The latest bulletin issued by the depart mont or agriculture contains a brief review re-view of the irrigation Investigations which have recently been conducted by the department de-partment They were undertaken by virtue vir-tue of the act of congress directing the seqretary of agriculture I to investigate and report upon the laws and institutIons i relating to irrigation and upon the use of t i W r r lns roof irrigation waters with special suggestions of better methods for the utilization of Ir I rigatien waters in agriculture than those in common use I The bulletin says that the ofce of ex peniment stations to which the work was assigned by the secretary has after consultation I con-sultation with experiment station officers nndJrllaton engineers familiar with the conditions of the Irrigated region undertaken taken to organize investigation In the fol lowing general lines C The collation and publication of information regarding the laws and institutions of the irrigated region In their relation to agriculture and 2 the publication of available Informa ton regarding the use of irrigation waters In agriculture as shown by actual expe expe nience of farmers and by experimental in f for Y ongI r 1 vestigatlon Elwood Mead formeniy state engineer of Wyoming who has had a r and successful experience as irrigation engineer en-gineer and administrator cf irrigatIon laws and Is famiar with the agriculture con ditions o the arid region was gen immediate Im-mediate chare of the work with head Quarters frt at Cheyenne and now at Denver In pursuance of the plan or work adopted adopt-ed representatives of the department have made a study of the laws and lush l tuto s of u portion of the arid land st Ilon and the results thus far obtained have been published in two obtaine letins ru8Sth 0f these discussed the laws which control the diversion and use for Irigaton of the water of the Missouri Mis-souri river and its tributaries The see ond gave abstracts of the laws for acquiring ac-quiring titles to water In the same region with the legal forms In use Both have heretofore been reviewed In this correspondence Distribution of Water The present bulletin says The farmer from regions or ample rainfall who eml rates to the arid west haS many things to learn besides how to build laterals and how and when to spread the water they carry over thirsty fields The knowledge and ski required to distribute the water Is son acquire but the working out ot social and Industrial institutions which wilt place the rivers which govern the value of every farm they fertilize under seine form O public control which will secure se-cure their just distribution and prevent their becoming the subject or speculation or corporate monopoly Is proving In the wet rn state as It has in every irrigated land old enough to have a history to be thq enuriug and important problem for ehf farmers to solve and the one on which theeward of their industry and the value of their farms ultimately depend The present situation In the states included in-cluded In the discussion Is thus set forth For every acre of Irrigated land there has to be a right to water The title to the later is of as much Imortance as tho deed to the land I is much harder to establish These rights take more forms thap the rivers th g control and are acquired ac-quired by as many methods as there are states to Jdma Jaws In one respect they are alike no mater whether the user of water derives his tie direct from the state bUSS It from a ditch company which furnishes water for hire or from the holder hold-er of u speculative claim It Is aouroe of more perplexity at the outset ant of more hours of anxious thought afterwards combln than uU the other problems cf irrigation I Laws Are Ambiguous Deanse of uncertainty of what these rights should be or difference of opinion on that question the irrigation laws of many sate Jutve beeu so ambiguous and contradictory that the finite Intellect Is not ablo to Interpret their meaning Asa As-a result thero are laws and court dccl cisins tD sustain about every view ot strem ownership ot which the mind or man can conceive and In come cases they arc aU found In the statutes and decisions of t single state The growing 0Ium6 of JUgt n the uncertain and contradictory clraccer or many of the decisions Is naling fo a heavy burden tO irrigators end a serious menace to progress Lnlegs I it can In some way be restricted it threatens threat-ens to Impair the value of Investments Indic In-dic s and the succes or this for ot agriculture agriculure So one subject Is source of greater perplexity to the beginner than the establishment es-tablishment or a priority or right In the flream he diverts and nothing has causei greaten hfirdship or loss than failure kd IUng through lack of knowledge I jt conform to existing laVs The explanation ot state stemae given In detail so that the o bulletins constitute a manual of forms a well ln as adlsctissioit of principles Inpursasnee of the seconciIne ot wlrk determined upon extensivoinvstigations on the duty of water as measured by tb fsViltt i actual amounts of water usedby successful success-ful farmer on different soils In growing different crops a being inaugurated with the c opeaton of the experiment station irrlglthn engineers and practical irrigators in different parts of the arid re glen it is believed that these investlga I Hons will furnish the inclination regardIng regard-Ing the quantity ot water reulretto Irr gatean acre of hand hici s a n cesslt3r I Ft every fit isr In i the making of water comp ct5 the planning or works and the determination and protection or rights In streams and without which all these Important transactions have to 1 based lagel on conjeeture Plats For AlkaIi Soils Akal is DIrector A C True head ot the bureau oC experiment stations ot the department ot agriculture in a report just from the printing ofce discuses PlaJt Adapted to Alkali Soils Hesays Throughout he western pdron oC the United States especially where irrigation is practiced are of aiml sols or great er or less extent are or freuent occurrence occur-rence Thee soils derive their name from th fact that the are strongly Impregnated Impregnat-ed with soluble salts which etoresce or bloom out In the form of 0 powder or crust during dO weather following rains or irrigation Tim basis or thee salts Is mainly soa together with smaller amounts ot potash and usually u Ute limo and magnesia They are mixtures chlel or sodium sulphate common salt and sodium carbonate In varying proportions pro-portions They oren eon uIn In addition small mounts or PQUslum sulphate sodium so-dium phosphate and sodium nitrate substances known sub-stances whose fertilizing value I well or the different Corms black alkalI is by far the most injurious to vegetable ia growth and to the tilling U tg of the soil common salt ranks net In InJurious nest while sodium sulphate is the lest injurious and may be present to the extent ot hal of one per cent or more without mhterall interfering wIth the growth or most crops It follows that in the recia forg h f hll rir matlon of alkali lands for cultural purpos es the lrst thing needful Is a transforms ton or the sodium carbonate Into sodium sulphato by means ot gypsum reducing the injurousness of the black alkali one fourth to oneffth A Serous Mace While the occurrence or alkali in excess ex-cess In the sol constitutes a serious menace men-ace to the sucEs1 production or most far crops recent investigations have shown that there are many plants or economic value whIch are able to tolerate a considerable amount or alkali The cx perment stations or western states have devoted consideble attentIon to the subject sub-ject of the utilization or alkali sols studyIng espial the relation of native and cultivate plants to alkali The re Te sistance to alkali varies greatly with i the kind of plant Ja the character of the salts In the alkali Thus the plants of the gosefoot family comprehending besides the gosefoot proper the beet spinach samphlre sltwort and the sal bushe generl will resist very large amounts of all three or the salts whie on the other oth-er extreme the lCmeloer peas beans vetches etcresent even small amounts of either The entire sunilower sunlower family Is rather tolerant entre alkal while I most ot the cultate grasses proper are I quito sensitive In experiments by the Wyoming station no f ft Y tion on the influence of alkali I salts ngn the germination of wheat and rye it was 1 found that small amounts of there salts hasten germination and no doubt also as I sist I tf the life of hnglntd either stimulating stimu-lating its growth or acting directly as plant food When however the iropor propr tion or alkali sats exceeded certain limits I germination was Interfered with I dOs not appear that any of the salts except sodium carbonate exerted directly I poisonous or corrosive effects on sees lhe injury appeared to b due to the fact I that the salts In solution Interfered with I the absorption by the seed of the water necessary for germination int 1 I The experience of the Wyoming station indicates that thee are very few useful i plants which will OW where the sol contains so much alkali that an IncrustaI tlon Is formed on the surface Among I It f hm i ether alkaliresisting plants which the staton has successfully tested are salI I bushes English rape Bokhar or whlo I sweet cover and sugar bets Review of Womens Clubs i Cubs I Irs ElleaM Herotn has compiled for the commissioner of labor a comprehensive comprehen-sive review or the Womens cubs and associations socatons of the United State and their attitude l toward social I economics Colorado Col-orado is jfr to the front among the I states of the Union having nearly four times as many womens clubs a the city I of Chicago and more than I the New England state except IasscQusetts The other mountain states are represented as follows In the list prepared by r Hen roUn Utah o Montana 5 Idaho 5 The author says Replies I to inquiries by the commissioner commission-er of labor disclose two specially interesting interest-ing facts among many others First the difficulty experienced by the womans clubs In keeping any one department or club work separate from another as eu cational from civics or philanthropy from reform second the owing Interest felt In social economic questions everywhere soia eonomic questons The club members seem to have become convinced that the science of economIcs Is at the bottom of nearly all their problems prob-lems Resolving t acquaint themselves with existing economic conditions the women wo-men formed study classes and Invited e I pens and practical workers In the realms of philanthropy charity education ands and-s science to present the newest i views anu reuls ey sue Inele LI1US aroused much has been done to rise civic standards to remedy abuses to Improo sanitary conditions and relieve the hardships hard-ships of industrial pursuIts as now car I ned on by women and children Clubs Branch Out Since the investigation of the department depart-ment of labor was made dabs once purely pure-ly literary In scope have branched into the study of educational and civic conditions condi-tions Other clubs avowedly for social purposes only have been heel into public work of many kinds and now boldly advo cab Industrial reforms Education and the betterment and extension of the public school systems throughout the country receive re-ceive earnest attention from nearly all clubs that belong to the general and state federations In the transMIssissippi states the wo mans club of any locality is a necessity an important factor in the development of the community Most or the clubs in those states are organized to deal with local needs The problems that confront large and thlcklysettlid communitIes do not occupy the attention of clubs in the more sparsely populated districts Effort is directed chiefly toward public education educa-tion town and village improvement associations asso-ciations libraries and the broadening of civic and social life |