Show t. t J. J I 1 15 If y J j I t. t An Enormous Fowl Ne Nearly cis as Bag ciA a Turkey a. a ur z ey Will li By Rene C Bache andlE and new entirely an n an lE lype of chicken s soon oon to superior public snake her first rBt box bow to the wonder be IL a fie U experts b ave succeeded in breed after atter definite a 1 her as 18 N and patience of ot much time f j result wo e shall all have hao chickens as bl big bIb g ga As J a alted turkeys and egos eggs nearly those to which wo aro are J lct U largo large as a announcement as made the other This t j Alton U E. Brigga s in an anto 41 to In Ini Boston by Nation to the i urus Eg Egg anti f Poultry it tI d o oe of ot Butter Association 1 Is h ho bo e Ith t t. t t develops develop the Inquiry 4 r distinct that two twe it c d breeds have haY beena been bean a e e Ono One ot of size of slant giant teem Is I 1 I tf d heavy huge eggs ggs We t other is no bigger ordinary 1 th n the he but bat has a 11 an Leghorn milam horn n Fl F- F ca ca- t t l' l laying It is the tho long- long ought f egg ebb hen To mr rear a largo large ana he fowl foal costs proportIonately pro pro- more mora in feed e d than to ralee raise atall a at t tall null HUn one Where Whore th then n la is the greater much ch stIch fowls are m is that The an y wor Y producers of or meat as to ore ore economical They bey have hare much more flesh In proportion proportion to th their lr weight weicht To Fowls Fols Is ot of this character ordinarily appear on the tho I n d dO not has no chanco chance to buy housewife the 1 em They are arc bought up by the packers i in Illinois and Io Iowa Iona a where their production has been specialized specIalized and and put hap up In to boxes boies each holding twelve lies Res- es and hotels take practically tho the several se cents more morel I Ure I the supply paying chickens fetch etch j pet r pound than day everyday i b ch chicken Icken or ot this kind Is not over tat but Mss bu a massive muscular structure structure- with l orach Uth development nt ot or breast It U cuts up e a IsmaIl small turkey The now new type O 1 wm Will bo be greatly larger and built on the I line lines Jines la II the tha ordinary ry market a n. big egg sells fer OT no ao more than a n small egg But Bul there what Is called a 0 fancy tancy demand vier extra largo tarso eggs and somo some chIcken ferns toras make maka a a. business of supplying r them because they command a a. special price nere is a call for them b by fashionable and b by luxurious private establish establish- ls that will pa pay an anything for whatever rs better than the common people can lord to enjoy Of t vastly greater importance lion however over 44 the tho production of or a maximum number t f tw sus per hen Thero There lies lies' real wealth n. n average hen lays eggs in a year rear i r she could be made to produce eggs r i It la twelvemonth the tho resulting money in for the tho farmers and other olber poultry 11 sera ers ot of the United States would could four lIm times I the tho value ot of all the gold sold I silver Inver dug dUJ out ot of our mines in 1919 1310 r- r The he output ot of the American hen for 1919 1319 k estimated at al og eggs t sting a value Blue ot of about to tho lUry owners This number of oC eggs j eald ld weigh tons and would load i J 23 freight cars ca rs Nearly all of or these eggs are aro obtained small amaH flocks nocks o of a 0 dozen to fifty hens farmers farmer's wife tro takes care of ot the tho birds d them and amI usually b has as tho egg h ht h t ey ef for her ber own spending What a It Il will make to her If It she can bold of ot a II breed that will Ill yield n nearly nely lv tee Ite s as 11 man many eggs per hen s' s 1 For f egg en production tho lino best hens bens are of ot 0 smaller breeds such Mich as Leghorns y f are most economical delivering tho the number ot of ca eggs s for tor a given l cn quan quan- Jot ty tr of food tood Hence the aim of ot tho the experts expert hying 7 s to develop a n super hen for tor laying purposes has been to obtain a n 11 s1 M bird that would produce only onh shed bied 11 two ounce eggs but many ot of The he egg SOO e Sg b hen n has baa been tho rho stand stand- kePt Pt hopefully In view Was as it too toot b u t Surely purely Surel not note The Tho late lamented Lad Lady tine Une a white while Lc Leghorn horn laid eggs 5 days That showed what a hent hen ben do do- KT f k jr t mar ty k bo that flat some da day a a. breed capa- capa of ar producing eggs per annum annum- Ke e out output output- D u per hen that IB Is s to say sap sa- sa bL twO be J Wed jd d. d Such a hen hon might lay s t w on some days But for the pr pres e s a Production of OO eggs is good h It u Is understood that the new kr mV r ben b fn Inay may bo ho counted on o do as aa aaTu WI v is th that a at l. l Tu I be sought loo g ht GSg 2 egg 00 hen has offered one ono of t tie io most puzzling wt w 8 that the tho scientific breeder has tack ta ed Tho experts out uTho started the n fd a. a that tho the daughter ot of a first first- Tr ter ought to be bo her herself al a n good goad ex There hem wa was as s nothing in it A thou thou- d proved pro ca that a 11 pullet of maternal extraction in this 1 t r Soon r oon B Be Un n n the a M ar k e er t a F t t 1 w t Z t r A I I 1 14 Big Big i ir r. r f Extra Y 6 II f in Raising Chickens by y iI f r w f t. l t T. T 1 f. f F c It t tJ l k rr t lit 1 I AI f h ti i f i J 1 1 t O t 1 m. m 2 r r J V joe joer r r pj 0 Gt y A J. J I. I 4 I iI r. j VI i j jrr i r J 1 I ii i a j i H t. t L k L r i t r t f S A r xi i I- I J I J Io St x 1 1 r r x f r W L r t. t i l t rI 7 t. t A. A i t V i. i r I a l o dt i. i i. i J titi W J l i j It 1 r Z I h. t 1 1 y L. L y V II J 1 I f SQ i fr A A Apparatus p rat o. o i. i y Co D tore f Chic e l I I J J 0 I iI w r i 4 J i B a P f 1 1 t rJ 1 t iIO rf N 4 I It l r j j j I t. t f I t. t i N JI l z m. m A A Electric r ft i r- r Jf t t ti I Ui r. r Chicken I 47 Coop This i t 1 i i I A 1 3 I l' l r j IJ I Shows Show t f O J f the h V c UJ 1 Co 51 t t e i. i fi I 1 l r j To Top FI Flat 4 t J I t J of f o an ft Jj Intensive I i j t lit f tr Ii I r i er J. J 1 Chicken e House I ft Ao 1 i tz tzi with i t 1 St tt 1 7 j n A tto J T To iC f.- f. t j Ele Electric l If t ri li 3 if t tf 7 1 Wires t. t t Jr I I j 10 JJ l J fl Carried i L I I J N t O t ft I R Round d' d t I r J t- t I t oun 2 n 1 IO c M and u f oY iIii i o r i C f. f R Round Two oun d r tl I O t f rJ p. p t. t a t t Sd Sides I es rip I P. I r 1 t r f 1 V f J ll D Fattening Chickens Chicken p r 0 s-rr- s iW 4 r. f-r. e iti r Yi I i b Y M Machinery ac h. h WhO Which IC h B How B-How How the jf Stuffs Feed Down v. v Their Throats Electric Supply t i Is Controlled F c.- c. oO is i's t i t from t the h e I Experimenters ExperImenter i JIJI t. t J 49 l is rl with two fro i served I d 41 1 1 M tl Ufa of or hl his pet pel MUM customers that did were ono match match ono n of ot respect was no more likely to prove provo superior e producer egg pr ducer than RD any female chicken ot or the same variety Tho The really bl big discovery discover was made when it was nas ascertained definitely and beyond that high laying egg power Is It bequeathed to the pullet not b by her mother but b by her father It is Js tho the rooster that transmits this desirable quality Out ot of this discovery has bas mainly como come the development ot of tho the super euper A cock that is tho the son ot or n a prolific mother molher will produce daughters capable In nearl nearly every o Instance of or hl high h egg egg tion Obviously then tho the desirable for a n. flock Is IH one that ia is known to have o 0 been hatched from rom an egg laid by nn an exceptionally ex ex- exceptionally productive hen If It selection ot of males be bo thus conducted through a series of oC generations all tho the hens will In In- n o be superior r layers bers and the output output out out- put ot of o eggs will be Increased at least leapt 60 50 per pcr cent It is substantially by br this means that the super hen has finally been bean developed She Sho represents inheritance through a long line lino of or male ancestors who ho wore ware carriers of or the hl high h eg laying egg quality handing iton iton it iton on generation I after generation to tho thor v daughters Since long before the dawn of or history poultry owners have o for tor obvious reasons l Kept ept the tho best laying hens killing the others It naturally followed that the tho eggs set for tor hatching and which happened happened hap hap- to produce cocks in most instances brought into tho the world worM roosters that were the offspring of exceptional layers Thus without knowing hat what they were about time old folks were ero adopting a suro sure method of ot Increasing from generation tn to generation the laying power of or the hens Tho now no discovery cry in this regard merely enables the breeder to go about tho business business busi busl ness in an exact and nd scientific way Ho lie will Mil ill set no egg laid by nn an unidentified hen and he must also bo acquainted with tho father ot of tho the c expected chicken The Tho father of at the hen must be positively known and Ind the tho greater r the tho number of ot tho the generations genera Lions through which tho the pedigree can be bo carried back in tho male line the more moro sure be he mo may be of ot the tho chicken to be bo hatched from that egg if egg If a pullet that it will be a 1 prolific layer egg if it a n cock that it will prod produce uco record high female offspring Did it Il ever eer occur to you to ask what hat kind of birds our chickens are They are aro pheasants and come from tho the Orient No r wonder then th that t the well well- bred varieties are arc so bo Cu ful CuI The original ancestor ot of all the chickens of or today day Isa isa Is Isa a relatively small bird that thatis is still found wild in tho the forests a of Southern India where it Is known as the Jungle fowl CowL The cock weighs about three pounds and the hen half a n pound less It is reddish brown in color looks a good deal like a modern game chicken and t I Ilas Ila's lays las 25 to 30 small white eggs In Inn a a year Surel Surely one of or mans man's most remarkable achievements ments has been the development from this humble original stock of at all tho the man many varieties vari- vari oties of or chickens known to tous tous t 0 us JS t to 0 01 1 a The Tho rho egg has u if lI i- i i s C A New 1 Breed Which Is alI Half Turkey and Half Guinea Fowl a New c. c Y Ac Achievement in in Breed Breed- 7 thc ing-thc tu r the Meat of This Half-Breed Half Bird Is La Said to Be Better Than Turkey boen been multiplied led In Ju weight b bj by five tho bird Itself In tho the largest breeds by four tour Even Eren more important im the average domestic hen lays four tour times as many eggs These marvels have havo been accomplished b by selective breeding But the motho methods s adopted have not until recently been directed directed di dl by scientific knowledge Ho How can cin it be reasonably doubted that with such exact knowledge available further and progressive pro pro- Improvements In our chickens willbo will willbo willbo bo made from this time timo on for on-for for size for weight of egg and particularly for prolific production egg Some Sarno remarkable experiments with electrified chickens have recently been In progress on a R largo large poultry farm at Poole England To start with a house for newl newly hatched chicks was built in a n series settee of oC flats fiats and about It was wound spirally a n wire in turns G C inches apart Through this wire a n. current of electricity was w s passed for ton ten minutes every lu h hour ur during each day The Tho chicks were thus exposed to to a a. bath ot of electricity the effect of or which was as nothing noth ing lug less than astonishing In 11 six weeks they grow to ordinary three months months' size They rhey experienced no no apparent discomfort and far from suffering any injury the they 0 to OJ l 1019 I s. Inc ire 1 proved extraordinarily har hardy Ninety Ninety- sight eight in one hundred lived to reach rench marketable mar mar- size whereas under ordinary con con- on big bib chicken farms not more moro than sixt sixty In one hundred survive When tho current was turned on the chicks became so highly charged that a distinct shock was felt in la the fingers on touching them Sparks flow from their beaks when tho they pecked at fingers thrust through tho the bars of the ilio coop Two sets of ot chicks were hatched tho the same da day Ono One set was put into an electrified elec trifled house bouse the tho other set into a house that was not electrified At tho the end of oC three months tho the electrified birds though they had had exactly the tho same allowance let v cf cr food toad weighed 35 per cent more than I the others J I In Jn another experiment two to sets of chicks were subjected to tho the same conditions except ex ox that tho the electrified lot got bot only two- two thirds as much food the tho others A At t tho the end nd of one ono month both lots n averaged the same weight eight While trying to work out the Import all ant problem of or augmenting tho the number of ot eggs per hen tho the experts have havo managed to solve sol certain other puzzles very satis saUse For ono one thing tho they havo have pro pro- Great Gnat Britain r breeds that can bo be relied upon to lay eggs of or uniform size and color color color-a a worthwhile worthwhile worth worth- while matter from a n market standpoint And they have found out why some eggs have ha yolks oU of or deeper and richer color than others The everyday every housewife prefers yolks of or a deep yellow or reddish tint Unto They hey have more taste and give a higher flavor to cakes and custards This richness of ot color is found when hen the tho hon hen b has had plenty ol of green feed when deprived of the tho latter her yolks egg are arc palo of at hue All hens would 10 lay white eggs were It not that certain varieties havo have been bred The brown eggshell to lay 11 brown ones 1 ij ls in a 8 sense nse artificial Many Ian people b believe be be- Hove lieve that brown broun eggs are richer In flavor than white a eggs gg but the experts declare that this notion has no foundation in fn fact In 11 Boston brown bron eggs command fire cants more a 11 dozen than whito white eggs In Now No York Fork on tho the other hand snow white eggs fetch five cents more a n dozen tb than n brown eggs Not ot only does docs the fancy market demand demand demand de de- de- de mand eggs with Jtb shells of ot uniform color but the tho whites must munt be bo a as white while as possible The headwaiter at any fashionable restaurant restaurant rant would bo be lIkel likely to make mako a a. row It if one i of or hl his pet pel customers were served with two fro MUM that did ono match match ono n of ot poached eggs not nol them clear white hite perhaps and tho the other othor or white Experts at nt Cornell University have haT been making a study of or molting in relation to tola laying la ing A number Dumber of ot all white all hens were warD dipped Into pots of aniline dyes dys and thus thus' were obtained some somo ver very remarkable pullets pul put lets lets some some green others i scarlet arlet others blue others yellow ellow and others purple The object in view e was to keep track of tho the feathers dropped b by each cach individual chicken Feathers are the clothes of ot the chicken and like our own clothing the they wear out and havo have to be replaced at intervals A Anew Anew Anew new suit costs us money Its Us cost to the hen Is represented by a drain on her vital forces and nourishment supply Thus the bird at molting time usually stops laying The Cornell scientists have found that only six weeks are required to grow a new brand feather but the tho entire molting process occupies from 82 83 to days s. The best |