Show ENGLAND SAVES I ITS MANPOWER Ii I Ji It Readjustments of Labor in iii All Lines Needed in Britain 1 London Nov 0 England's 10 10 England's e experience In han handling her manpower lem since tho the war ar has led to wide re readjustments readjustments re- re adjustments ns as Is shown by a 11 comprehensive compre compre- article published In the tho next number of at tho Monthly Labor Review which tull fully the national service scheme of or Great Orent Britain The Review article prepared from material gathered b by tho the bureau of or labor statistics statistics sta sta- of ot tho the department dop of at labor Ibor points out that in the early months of ot the war great numbers of ot men I rushed to enlist and that not enough h attention wa Wt paid to tho the Importance of ot essential Industries The extent of or tho the war and the new I method of at warfare Introduced soon compelled a 11 more scientific treatment of ot national affairs and In February 1917 the national service bill went Into effect This was designed to make the best bost use of ot all persons whether men or women amon able to work worle In an any Industry In Industry In- In occupation or service but de defects defects detects de- de In the plan made a a. new organization tion necessary and In Au August 1917 Sir Auckland Geddes K C. C B B. M M. P P. depart depart- became head of ot the manpower ment Tho The functions of ot tho the ministry of or na- na service are to review the field Reid of manpower and to havo have this In Information In- In formation available l at all times to provide for far tho the transfer from civil work not of ot primary importance or from the military branches such numbers num num- bert bers of at men as are necessary for tor urgent ur- ur gent national work to determine subject subject sub sub- to the war cabinets cabinet's approval the relative Importance of at civilian pursuits and to prepare from time lime to time tie such lists of at reserved occupation as 8 are necessary nector essary for tor tho the maintenance of at e essential public services Bor to obtain for or the military military mili mill tary forces such men as can bo be advantageously advantageously advantageously withdrawn from civil life Ute and to determine the physical fitness of such men and to provide where noc- noc essary substitute labor for tor their fe 1 Enrolled War work volunteers were enrolled to undertake work of at national importance tance either for the duration of at a a. special cial Job or for tor a year Where hero the workmans workman's wage on his former Job Is greater than that on the tho special war job dob he Is s asked to undertake the dlf- dlf Irenee Irence rence is made up to him In some Instances the workman is allowed sub sub- or traveling expenses dall dally from his hie home town to tho the place of or employment work Out allowances tare Sure provided at the rate of about 85 I scents a a. day for volunteers under tinder certain certain tain conditions Tho The ministry of at national national na na- na- na service through h the employ employ- mont ment exchanges handles these allow allow- ances ance Allen and prison labor has been utilized as far as possible Not only onh were ere women at work in England England England Eng Eng- land In January 14 of or whom had directly replaced men but 4 OO moro morn were ere employed In hospitals or In domestic domestic do do- service Proprietors of or businesses cs who ho were called c. to the arm army have been protected b by an arrangement requiring persons who wish to enter business to tape tako out outa a n license This plan prevents aliens m trotting getting their trade Dilution in England Is so 80 administered administered administered adminis adminis- as to insure the tho proper proportional proportional proportional employment of ot skilled semiskilled semi aemi- skilled and ami women workers and of at discharged soldiers One ODe Aided The problem of ot ono man businesses has been serious and the effort has been made where possible not to destroy do- do Btroy stroy them Proprietors of or such businesses businesses businesses busi busi- nesses if It they are inthe lower classes as ns to physical fitness are aro commonly exempted provided tho they undertake co time part-time work orl for tor tho the national good Part time wor work is increasing It can be be used In agriculture aeroplane construction con con- munitions work tram driving ing ng street cleaning coal delivery salvage sal of at was to materials and work for tor such organizations as as the Red Cross and y Y M M. M l C C. A A. A Nonessential industries have havo been considerably curtailed but sometimes It is hard to draw the line between necessary and nonessential work worl For example products by-products of or soap making and silk sUk manufacture are of or value In munitions work Th The building trades are tho the only ones In which strict control control con con- is possible and restrictions have Seen een placed on new construction The regulations regarding exemption exemption tion from military service cervice provide that that In general men under 23 years or ot age will not be relieved from service on occupational grounds Men Ien not physically phys phs classified in grado grade 1 must engage engage engage en en- gage gage- in essential occupation |